臺灣北部絨泡黏菌目之空間分布模式

Abstract

黏菌是一群長期受到菌類學者注意的真核原生生物，與其他營自由生活的陸生微生物一樣常被認為是無所不在的。然而，近年來的生態研究在不同的空間尺度證實其分布的確受到環境因子梯度的影響。本研究依野外調查與標本館典藏，整理 52 個絨泡黏菌目分類群在臺北-桃園地區的分布資料，再根據輪廓描繪技術設計程式，由採集地點記錄與模糊分類之環境因子資料建立網格式空間分布預測模式，預測其在臺灣北部的分布。分析分布資料之結果顯示，臺灣北部低海拔地區的絨泡黏菌目物種多樣性調查的完整程度約在 94-98 間%。以文獻驗證模式可得 model sensitivity 在 82-93% 間。以階層式群集分析可將各分類群依分布型式區分為廣布型 ( 8 個分類群)，丘陵-山地型 ( 10 個分類群種) ，平地型 ( 27 個分類群) ，以及不確定型 ( 7 個分類群)。各分類群的空間分布預測模式可視為其生態棲位的假說，同時也賦予各地點記錄特殊的生物氣候學意義，若據此設計後續的調查計劃，將可使多樣性調查與生態學研究更有效率。

Myxomycetes are a group of eukaryotic protists being studied extensively by mycologists, and it is generally believed that they are ubiquitous, like other terrestrial, free-living microorganisms. However, recent ecological studies have proved that various environmental gradients affect their distribution. Based on field works and examination of herbarium specimens, information of the geographical distribution of 52 taxa of Physarales in northern Taiwan are summerized. According to these locality records and fuzzily classified maps of various environmental parameters, a raster-based profile model is designed to predict their distribution in northern Taiwan. The results indicate the completeness of species diversity inventory is ca. 94-98%. The distribution patterns of the 52 taxa can be classified via hierarchical cluster analysis into (1) widely-distributed (8 taxa); (2) hilly-mountainous (10 taxa); (3) lowland (27 taxa); and (4) ill-defined (7 taxa). The predicted range map of each taxon can be regarded as a hypothesis of its ecological niche, and the model provide a chance to evaluate the bioclimatic importance of each collection locality. Using these information as reference, further biodiversity inventories and ecological studies would be more efficient.