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| DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
|---|---|---|
| dc.contributor.advisor | 吳文哲 | |
| dc.contributor.author | Yu-An Lin | en |
| dc.contributor.author | 林佑安 | zh_TW |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2021-06-08T05:29:10Z | - |
| dc.date.copyright | 2005-07-26 | |
| dc.date.issued | 2005 | |
| dc.date.submitted | 2005-07-08 | |
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ScaleNet. 2005. http://198.77.169.79/catalogs/ diaspidi/ AulacaspisAll.htm Miller, D. R., and M. Kosztarab. 1979. Recent advances in the study of scale insects. Ann. Rev. Entomol. 24: 1-27. Ozaki, K., S. Kitamura, E. Subiandoro, and A. Taketani. 1999. Life history of Aulacaspis marina Takagi and Williams (Homoptera: Coccoidea), a new pest of mangrove plantations in Indonesia, and its damage to mangrove seedlings. J. Appl. Entomol. 123: 281-284. Rosen, D., and P. DeBach. 1990. Ectoparasites. pp. 99-120. In: D. Rosen, ed. Armored Scale Insects: Their Biology, Natural Enemies and Control. Vol. B. Elsevier, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. ScaleNet. 2005. http://198.77.169.79/scalenet/scalenet.htm. Scott, C. L. 1952. The scale insect genus Aulacaspis in Eastern Asia (Homoptera: Coccoidea: Diaspididae). Microentomology 17: 33-60. Sokal, R. R., and F. J. Rohlf. 1981. Biometry. 2nd ed. W. H. Freeman, San Francisco, California, USA. 859 pp. Stickney, F. S. 1934a. 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Formosa Govt. Res. Inst. Deprt. Agr. Rpt. 40. 82 pp. Takahashi, R. 1929b. Observations on the Coccidae of Formosa. Part II. Formosa. Govt. Res. Inst. Deprt. Agr. Rpt. 4. 44 pp. Takahashi, R. 1931a. Description of some new Formosa Coccidae (Rhynchota). Bull. Entomol. Res. 22: 211-220. Takahashi, R. 1931b. Records and descriptions of the Coccidae from Formosa. Part I. J. Soc. Trop. Agr. 3: 377-385. Takahashi, R. 1933. Observations on the Coccidae of Formosa. Part III. Formosa Govt. Res. Inst. Deprt. Agr. Rpt. 60: 25-62. Takahashi, R. 1934. Observations on the Coccidae of Formosa. Part IV. Formosa Govt. Res. Inst. Deprt. Agr. Rpt. 63: 1-38. Takahashi, R. 1935. Observations on the Coccidae of Formosa. Part V. Formosa Govt. Res. Inst. Deprt. Agr. Rpt. 66: 1-37. Takahashi, R. 1936. Two interesting scale insects attacking the Lauraceae in Formosa (Hemiptera). Trans. Formosa Nat. Hist. Soc. 26(149): 80-83. Takahashi, R., and T. Tachikawa. 1956. Scale insects of Shikoku (Homoptera: Coccoidea). Trans. Shikoku Entomol. Soc. 5: 1-17. | |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/24517 | - |
| dc.description.abstract | 樟白輪盾介殼蟲 (Aulacaspis yabunikkei Kuwana) 與月橘白輪盾介殼蟲 (A. murrayae Takahashi) 是臺灣地區目前危害綠籬觀賞植物與行道樹最嚴重的兩種害蟲。本研究之目的在於觀察溫度對該2種白輪盾介殼蟲生長發育之影響與瞭解其族群介量，並調查其野外族群變動。本論文首先在15、20、25、30與35℃定溫下，在步入式生長箱中各別以該2種白輪盾介殼蟲之自然寄主植物飼育 (樟白輪盾介殼蟲－樟樹；月橘白輪盾介殼蟲－月橘)，由卵發育至成蟲的死亡率都是以最低溫度15℃時為最高。然而除了在15℃定溫下所飼養的樟白輪盾介殼蟲無法發育至成蟲期，其餘溫度則皆可成功發育完成世代，各發育期所需日數隨溫度升高而縮短，由直線回歸方程式可估算各齡期的發育臨界低溫與發育有效積溫，樟白輪盾介殼蟲雌蟲卵期的發育臨界低溫為12.8℃；一齡為11.8℃；二齡為14.2℃；雄蟲卵期的發育臨界低溫為15.5℃；一齡為12.6℃；二齡、前蛹和蛹之合併期為16.8℃；各齡期有效積溫，雌蟲卵期為136 DD；一齡為127 DD；二齡為192 DD；雄蟲卵期為91 DD；一齡為98 DD；二齡、前蛹和蛹合併期為103 DD。月橘白輪盾介殼蟲雌蟲卵期的發育臨界低溫為3.62℃；初齡為6.23℃；二齡為6.88℃；雄蟲卵期的發育臨界低溫為3.3℃；初齡為5.26℃；二齡、前蛹和蛹之合併期為5.7℃；各齡期有效積溫，雌蟲卵期為200 DD (日度)；一齡為156 DD；二齡為192 DD；雄蟲卵期為200 DD；一齡為154 DD；二齡、前蛹和蛹之合併期為200 DD。而在5種定溫下月橘白輪盾介殼蟲的族群介量之內在增殖率 (rm) 和期限增殖率 (λ) 都有隨溫度上升而遞增的趨勢，而淨生殖率 (R0) 在15℃有最大值146.62，最小值則是在35℃的32.66；平均世代時間 (T) 與族群倍增時間 (Doubling time) 隨溫度上升而縮短。樟白輪盾介殼蟲之淨生殖率 (R0) 在25℃有最大值74.94，最小值則是在35℃的19.76；平均世代時間 (T) 隨溫度上升而有縮短的趨勢，在35℃有最小值32.98日，而在20℃有最大值77.68日，族群倍增時間 (Doubling time) 在20℃最長，需14.94 d，隨溫度隨溫度上升而縮短，到30℃為最短的7.20日，但到35℃卻又增加為7.59日。從2003年11月到2005年1月，每週調查月橘白輪盾介殼蟲與樟白輪盾介殼蟲的野外族群變動；可得知樟白輪盾介殼蟲雌蟲從2月底開始密度上升，一年有3次高峰期，分別是在4月底、六月中旬和7月底，而雄蟲在5月中旬、7月中旬和8月底各有一波高峰期，而其它月份則密度皆維持很低。月橘白輪盾介殼蟲一年約可發生5－6代，世代重疊現象非常顯著，雌蟲從2004年2月底開始密度上升，一年有5個高峰期，分別是在2月底、3月中旬、5月中旬、9月底和11月中旬，雄蟲在3月初、4月底、6月中旬、9月初到10月、和12月初各有一波高峰期。寄生樟白輪盾介殼蟲雌蟲的寄生蜂有Aphytis和Coccobius 2屬的種類；而寄生雄蟲的則僅有Aphytis屬；寄生月橘白輪盾介殼蟲雌蟲的有Aphytis、Coccobius、Microterys和Encarsia 4個屬，寄生雄介殼蟲只有Aphytis屬。 | zh_TW |
| dc.description.abstract | The objectives of this study is to observe the effect of temperature on the development of Aulacaspis yabunikkei Kuwana and A. murrayae Takahashi and estimate the popultation parameters of the two species and investigate their population fluctuation in field during November 2003 to January 2005. They were reared on their main host plant camphor trees (Cinnamomum camphora) and orange-jessamine (Murraya paniculata (Linn.) Jack) respectively in walk-in growth chambers under five constant temperatures, 15, 20, 25, 30 and 35℃. The developmental time of these two species from egg to adult decreased with the increase of temperature from 15℃ to 35℃. The results showed that an increase in temperature within limits accelerated the rate of development of all stages. These scales can complete their life history successfully except 15℃ for A. yabunikkei. A. murrayae took 51.96, 40.71, 30.13, 21.25 and 18.47 d to develop from egg to adult at 15, 20, 25, 30, and 35℃, respectively. A linear regression of developmental rate against temperature was established to estimate their low developmental threshold temperature (Tb) and thermal summation (K) that were 3.62, 6.23, and 6.88℃and took 200, 156, and 192 DD (degree-days) for egg stage, crawlers, and second instar of female A. murrayae, respectively. The low developmental threshold temperature (Tb) and thermal summation (K) were 3.3, 5.26, 5.7℃ and 200, 154, 200 DD of for egg stage, crawlers, and nymphal stage of male, respectively. The developmental duration of A. yabunikkei from egg to adult at 20, 25, 30, and 35℃ were 63.32, 42.17, 25.36 and 21.5 d, respectively. The low developmental threshold temperature (Tb) and thermal summation (K) were 12.8, 11.8, 14.2℃ and 136, 127, 192 DD for egg stage, crawlers, and second instar of female. And the low developmental threshold temperature (Tb) and thermal summation (K) were 15.5, 12.6, 16.8 and 91, 98, 103 DD of for egg stage, crawlers, and nymphal stage of male, respectively. The population of A. yabunikkei increased in February, reached three peaks in April, June, July and May, July, Auguest of female and male, respectively. There are five to six annual generations of A. murrayae in Taipei during 2004－2005. The population of the female adult scale had lowest density in January. It increased in February and reached five peaks in February, March, May, September, November and March, April, June, September to October, November of female and male respectively. Aphytis sp. and Coccobius sp. are the parasitoids of A. yabunikkei found on females, and Aphytis sp. is also found on males. Aphytis sp., Coccobius sp., Microterys sp., and Encarsia sp. are the parasitoids of A. murryae on females, and Aphytis sp. is found on males, too. | en |
| dc.description.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-08T05:29:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ntu-94-R92632001-1.pdf: 2008317 bytes, checksum: ee3c9b80a08f4cc7b4550c0ee4b6f7e5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005 | en |
| dc.description.tableofcontents | 目錄
中文摘要 英文摘要 目錄…………………………………………….…………………… …….i 表次…………………………………...……….………………..…….……iii 圖次………………………………………………………………………....iv 壹、緒言……………………………………………………………….…….1 貳、往昔研究………………………………………………………………..3 一、白輪盾介殼蟲屬的分類…………………………………………3 二、白輪盾介殼蟲屬的生態…………………………………………5 三、白輪盾介殼蟲屬的生活史………………………………………7 四、兩性生命表與族群介量…………………………………………8 參、材料與方法……………………………………………………………10 一、白輪盾介殼蟲族群之建立與飼養………………….…………10 (一) 白輪盾介殼蟲來源與飼養…………………...…………10 二、生活史及兩性生命表資料收集與分析...……………………11 (一) 不同溫度對二種白輪盾介殼蟲發育之影響…………..11 (二) 生命表資料分析….……………………...………………13 三、族群變動………………………………..….……………..……..14 (一) 試驗地….……………………….…………….……..…….14 (二) 取樣方法…………….………..………………….………..14 四、天敵種類調查…………………………………………………..15 肆、結果……………………………………………………………………17 一、不同定溫對於二種白輪盾介殼蟲生長發育之影響………..17 (一) 溫度對卵期與若蟲各齡期發育之影響....……………...17 (二) 溫度二種白輪盾介殼蟲雌成蟲壽命與產卵量之影響..31 二、兩性生命表…………….……………………………………..…32 (一) 不同溫度下樟白輪盾介殼蟲之齡別-齡期生長率、齡 別－齡期繁殖率及齡別-齡期存活率..………………….32 (二) 不同溫度下月橘白輪盾介殼蟲之齡別-齡期生長率、 齡別－齡期繁殖率及齡別-齡期存活率…..………...….37 三、族群介量…………………………………………………………41 四、族群變動…………………………………….……………..……43 (一) 氣象因子………….…….……………….……….…...……43 (二) 樟白輪盾介殼蟲的族群變動.….…………………..…….45 (三) 月橘白輪盾介殼蟲的族群變動..….………………..……45 五、天敵種類調查……….………………………………….…….…49 (一) 樟白輪盾介殼蟲……………………………………..…….49 (二) 月橘白輪盾介殼蟲……………………………….………..49 伍、討論……………………………………………………….…………...54 一、不同溫度對於二種白輪盾介殼蟲生長發育之影響………..54 二、兩性生命表……………………………………………………..56 三、族群介量…..……………………………………………………56 四、族群變動……………………………..…………………………57 五、天敵種類調查……………………..………..………………….58 陸、結論…………………………………………………………….………61 柒、參考文獻…………….…………………….……………….…..……..62 捌、誌謝…………………………………………………………….………68 玖、附錄……….……………………………………………………………70 表次 表一、不同定溫下樟白輪盾介殼蟲與月橘白輪盾介殼蟲的卵期孵 化率…………………………………………………………………18 表二、不同定溫下之二種白輪盾介殼蟲若蟲滯育時期….……...…..18 表三、不同定溫下樟白輪盾介殼蟲存活率與性比…….…....………..22 表四、不同定溫下月橘白輪盾介殼蟲存活率與性比…………….…..23 表五、不同定溫下樟白輪盾介殼蟲雌蟲各齡期發育所需時間……..24 表六、不同定溫下月橘白輪盾介殼蟲雌蟲各齡期發育所需時間…..25 表七、不同定溫下樟白輪盾介殼蟲雄蟲各齡期發育所需時間……..26 表八、不同定溫下月橘白輪盾介殼蟲雄蟲各齡期發育所需時間…..27 表九、樟白輪盾介殼蟲雌蟲各齡期發育速率之直線回歸方程式、相…關係數、發育臨界低溫及發育有效積溫……………………….28 表十、樟白輪盾介殼蟲雄蟲各齡期發育速率之直線回歸方程式、相…關係數、發育臨界低溫及發育有效積溫……………………….29 表十一、月橘白輪盾介殼蟲雌蟲各齡期發育速率之直線回歸方程式、相關係數、發育臨界低溫及發育有效積溫………....30 表十二、月橘白輪盾介殼蟲雄蟲各齡期發育速率之直線回歸方程式、相關係數、發育臨界低溫及發育有效積溫…………..31 表十三、不同定溫下二種白輪盾介殼蟲雌成蟲平均存活天數….….32 表十四、不同定溫下二種白輪盾介殼蟲雌成蟲平均產卵量………..32 表十五、不同定溫下樟白輪盾介殼蟲兩性生命表分析之族群介量.41 表十六、不同定溫下月橘白輪盾介殼蟲兩性生命表分析之族群介 量……………………………………………………………….. 42 圖次 圖一、受害的寄主植物…………………………………………….……..11 圖二、室內介殼蟲之飼育裝置…………………………………….…….12 圖三、採集雄成蟲之黃色黏紙…………………………………….…….15 圖四、月橘白輪盾介殼蟲各齡期之外部形態………………………….19 圖五、樟白輪盾介殼蟲各齡期之外部形態…………………………….21 圖六、不同定溫下樟白輪盾介殼蟲之齡別－齡期生長率……………34 圖七、不同定溫下樟白輪盾介殼蟲之齡別－齡期存活率……………35 圖八、不同定溫下樟白輪盾介殼蟲之齡別－齡期繁殖率……………36 圖九、不同定溫下月橘白輪盾介殼蟲之齡別－齡期生長率………...38 圖十、不同定溫下月橘白輪盾介殼蟲之齡別－齡期存活率……...…39 圖十一、不同定溫下月橘白輪盾介殼蟲之齡別－齡期繁殖率……...40 圖十二、2003年11月至2005年1月的每日降雨量…………………...43 圖十三、2003年11月至2005年1月的每月平均氣溫變化…………..44 圖十四、2003年11月至2005年1月的每月平均總降雨量分佈圖..44 圖十五、樟白輪盾介殼蟲各齡期於2003年11月至2005月1月間 族群變動的關係.…………….…………………………..…… 47 圖十六、月橘白輪盾介殼蟲各齡期於2003年11月至2005月1月 間族群變動的關係.……………………...…………………… 48 圖十七、樟白輪盾介殼蟲與月橘白輪盾介殼蟲之寄生性天敵……..51 圖十八、月橘白輪盾介殼蟲與樟白輪盾介殼蟲之捕食性天敵……..53 | |
| dc.language.iso | zh-TW | |
| dc.subject | 寄生蜂 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 樟白輪盾介殼蟲 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 月橘白輪盾介殼蟲 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 族群介量 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 族群變動 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | parasitoids | en |
| dc.subject | popultation parameters | en |
| dc.subject | Aulacaspis murrayae Takahashi | en |
| dc.subject | Aulacaspis yabunikkei Kuwana | en |
| dc.subject | fluctuation | en |
| dc.title | 台北地區樟白輪盾介殼蟲和月橘白輪盾介殼蟲之族群生態 (半翅目：盾介殼蟲科) | zh_TW |
| dc.title | Population Ecology of Aulacaspis yabunikkei Kuwana and Aulacaspis murrayae Takahashi (Hemiptera: Diaspididae) in Taipei Area | en |
| dc.type | Thesis | |
| dc.date.schoolyear | 93-2 | |
| dc.description.degree | 碩士 | |
| dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 蘇宗宏,陳秋男,洪淑彬,郭美華 | |
| dc.subject.keyword | 樟白輪盾介殼蟲,月橘白輪盾介殼蟲,族群介量,族群變動,寄生蜂, | zh_TW |
| dc.subject.keyword | popultation parameters,fluctuation,parasitoids,Aulacaspis yabunikkei Kuwana,Aulacaspis murrayae Takahashi, | en |
| dc.relation.page | 76 | |
| dc.rights.note | 未授權 | |
| dc.date.accepted | 2005-07-08 | |
| dc.contributor.author-college | 生物資源暨農學院 | zh_TW |
| dc.contributor.author-dept | 昆蟲學研究所 | zh_TW |
| 顯示於系所單位： | 昆蟲學系 | |
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|---|---|---|---|
| ntu-94-1.pdf 未授權公開取用 | 1.96 MB | Adobe PDF |
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