射頻識別應用系統規劃方法之研究

Abstract

射頻識別是一群類別繁多、特性各異之多元化技術所組合形成，如欲建構成為系統，勢必需要一套規劃方法，本研究將透過一些射頻識別應用模式，嘗試以系統化方式進行其規劃，最後成為可運用於不同領域之射頻識別應用系統的一致性規劃方法。 本研究在進行對於射頻識別之技術原理、個案應用等分析後，定義射頻識別應用系統一般系統架構，探究關鍵之射頻識別應用意義、應用特性及應用重要考量因素。接著，透過對於個案背景之審視，本研究分析其需求，選擇其應用意義，依應用重要考量因素決定其應用特性，實施其系統規劃，且進行其流程整合及雛型發展。 本研究提出的射頻識別應用系統之一致性規劃方法，包括從個案背景瞭解、系統需求分析、射頻識別應用意義訂定、射頻識別應用特性決策、射頻識別重要考量因素納入、應用系統規劃、系統流程整合至系統雛型發展之程序。經由對於貨櫃管理辨認追蹤、SARS防疫隔離追蹤、射頻識別圖書館管理和射頻識別開刀房醫療系統之系統規劃，發現該規劃方法確實獲得能涵蓋其潛在需求，且明顯看出，射頻識別之納入對各個案均增添不少效益。 以貨櫃管理辨認追蹤來說，可達到自動、即時辨認追蹤貨櫃進度，最終改善流程正確性、作業迅速性、記錄即時性、信息同步性。以SARS防疫隔離追蹤來說，可達到嚴密追蹤各個別人員行經途徑、提昇感染控制效率、減少感染控制所耗費人力等多重效果，所建置之完整定位網絡亦可用於導入其他醫護服務之用。以射頻識別圖書館管理來說，以人體健康為考量出發，直接採用「人物分道」，也能更快速地獲悉圖書文獻即時動態，更頻繁地清點藏書，亦提昇顧客服務品質。以射頻識別開刀房醫療系統來說，射頻識別致能之手術品質管理和流程管理，可達到自動、即時之手術病患、醫護人員及手術階段的資料核對、時間記錄和系統啟動，在實際導入後，驗證確實能在病患手術過程中，達到手術之時間減少、風險降低、流程正確性等效益。 簡單言之，在明確之規劃方法下進行射頻識別應用系統之規劃，較之僅依靠經驗者，應更能緊密地將射頻識別嵌入產業、企業或組織之運作，因射頻識別必須透過電磁波進行無線傳輸，於規劃時亦應考量作業人員和顧客之健康，並非僅將功能強大作為唯一目標才是。

Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) is composed of a group of diversified technologies. If someone wants to build a whole system with it, an integrated planning method is needed. Through some RFID application models, this research tried to plan and design them with a systematic process, and finally, make it become a consistent planning method which is able to utilized in RFID application systems within different fields. After analyzing technologies and applications, this research defined a general system architecture of RFID application systems to study core meanings, characteristics and considerations with RFID technologies. From surveying backgrounds of several cases, this research analyzed their applied demands, chose their applied meanings, and decided their applied characteristics by applied considerations. This research also proceeded with system planning, process integration and prototype development. The planning method of RFID application systems in this research, included understanding case backgrounds, analyzing system demands, choosing applied meanings, deciding applied characteristics, involving applied considerations, and continuing with system planning, process integration and prototype development. With cases as container tracking and management, SARS contact tracking and monitoring, RFID library management, and RFID surgery support, the systems planned by the method could cover potential demands certainly. And RFID brought benefits to the cases apparently. In the case of container tracking and management, RFID can automatically and instantly identify and track each container to achieve precise processes, fast operations, real-time records, and synchronous information. To SARS contact tracking and monitoring, RFID can detect individual path without errors. For RFID library management, separated paths for persons and things can protect human health, and dynamic status of books can be known instantly. They all improve service quality in libraries. Surgery supports enabled by RFID not only facilitate quality management and process management, but also reduce surgery time, lower risks and check processes. Briefly, planning RFID application systems with a consistent planning method can embed RFID into operations of industries, businesses and organizations more closely than without it. Because RFID technologies are also transmitted signals with electromagnetic waves wirelessly, operators’ and customers’ health should be considered in system planning; that is, performance is not the only thing.