品牌電腦廠商BIOS及軟體發展策略之研究

Abstract

Intel 2002定義EFI標準介面取代傳統BIOS並將標準於2005交付於UEFI協會，UEFI標準經過10年的推廣才在2012全面導入Windows作業系統。在新標準推廣過程中遭受傳統BIOS領先廠商極力抗拒，而在標準轉換過程中積極轉變的公司在市場上獲得領先的機會，抗拒轉變而進度落後的BIOS廠商失去了原本市場上領先的地位。 2010年之後，個人電腦需求減緩並持續下降，取而代之是以不同形式出現的智慧型終端，如智慧型手機，平板電腦，存取雲端裝置等。因應環境改變，戴爾電腦(Dell Computer)毅然決然將公司下市，併購EMC重新定位公司，成為戴爾科技(Dell Technologies)，從一家提供終端電腦廠商轉型成為提供整體解決方案的科技廠商。在軟體研發方面，也因應UEFI的完全導入及公司數位轉型的需求，做出策略及方向上的調整。 國內電腦代工廠商面臨PC產業變化，科技快速變化，低利競爭，多嘗試多角化經營，企業轉型，試圖在PC需求下降的趨勢下，找到下一個可以重新定位的產品及方向。 隨著科技與環境不斷快速變化，企業必須因應環境變化調整公司策略和體質，才能夠適應環境持續發展，本研究探討PC產業環境變遷，品牌電腦廠商的應變及軟體發展策略調整，並提供建議給BIOS及電腦品牌及代工廠商。

Intel defined EFI in 2002 to replace legacy BIOS, this specification was managed by UEFI forum - the industry body to mange UEFI specification. During the transition from legacy BIOS to UEFI, there were resistence from leading BIOS supplier, the resistence were from the success status quo in leading position and barriers they built in IP over years in BIOS industry. That result the success of vendors which embraced new technology, the original leading lost market share on the contry. The demand of traditional PC decressed since 2010, PC replaced by client devices with different dimension like smart phone, pad, IOT devices, clients for cloud. The changes force Dell to redefine itself and seeking transformation. Dell delisted from NASDAQ then merged EMC transformed itself from Dell Computer to Dell Technologies -a technology leading firm providing total solution. Dell Technologies redefine the software strategy to react the digital transform and UEFI transformation in PC industry. Taiwan ODM domanited 90% of PC manufacturing, the fast move of PC industry forced ODM seeking oppoutunity of transformation and cash cow for next decades. Cooperate needs to adjust strategy and direction accordingly to the technology transition and the market changes to sustain and thrive, this study aiming the adjustment of software strategy of branding company, as a suggestion to ODM and BIOS vendor to react the changes of environment.