台灣都市更新程序改善之探索性研究

Abstract

為改善台灣老舊房屋的問題，政府近年積極推動都市更新，促進土地利用、改善居住環境、增進公共利益，但複雜的都更審議程序和地主整合折衝過程，使得都更時程變得越來越長，這不僅顯著降低民間實施者參與都更的意願，更延緩都市更新的進程。 為探索民間實施者參與都更意願降低的主因，以及現有都市更新程序的問題，本文邀請了五位民間實施者進行訪談，其中三位為台灣實施者，兩位為日本實施者，探討台灣現行都更程序中的問題，並做台灣和日本都更程序的比較，從而提出都更程序改善的建議。台日兩國除地理位置鄰近，也有文化和歷史的共同點，本文期望能以程序發展較為先進的日本作為借鏡，以強化政策建議的可行性。 研究結果顯示台灣都更程序需要改善的面向，包含清楚制度和程序的建立、承辦人員的常任性、政府和地主態度的改變、實施者可控因素的管理。若政府、民眾、實施者可共同合作改變這些因素，即便無法大幅縮短都更的時間，但必定可大幅改善都更案件的成功率。

To improve the problem of aged housing in Taiwan, the government has been actively promoting urban renewal initiatives to facilitate land utilization, enhance living conditions, and improve public welfare. However, the complicated application and landowner integration processes are troublesome and time-consuming, hence decreasing the willingness of private contractors to engage in urban renewal. In order to identify the critical reasons for the decreased willingness of private contractors and the current problems in the urban renewal process, we conducted in-depth interviews with five informants, three Taiwanese contractors and two Japanese contractors, to examine the underlying problems of Taiwanese urban renewal processes, and also compared the differences between Japanese and Taiwanese urban renewal processes. As Taiwan and Japan are both geographically close and sharing common cultural and historical elements, we believe such a comparison would be beneficial to our policy recommendations. Our research results show that improvements needed to be made in the Taiwanese urban renewal process, including establishment of clear systems and processes, permanent case officers, change in governmental and landowner attitudes, and management of controllable factors. If the government, the public, and private contractors can work together to change these factors, this will be very helpful in improving the success rate of urban renewal cases, even if the timeline is not significantly shortened.