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| DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
|---|---|---|
| dc.contributor.advisor | 黃榮南(Rong-Nan Huang) | |
| dc.contributor.author | Ling-Wei Weng | en |
| dc.contributor.author | 翁淩維 | zh_TW |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2021-06-08T03:46:08Z | - |
| dc.date.copyright | 2019-02-15 | |
| dc.date.issued | 2019 | |
| dc.date.submitted | 2019-02-12 | |
| dc.identifier.citation | 連日清。2004。臺灣蚊種檢索。藝軒圖書出版社。
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| dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/21772 | - |
| dc.description.abstract | 埃及斑蚊 (Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus))、熱帶家蚊 (Culex quinquefasciatus Say) 與臺灣鋏蠓 (Forcipomyia taiwana (Shiraki)) 皆為臺灣重要騷擾害蟲，除了吸血行為造成人體過敏或紅腫的情形，埃及斑蚊及熱帶家蚊還可傳播蚊媒疾病，造成人類健康危害，以往主要於幼蟲或成蟲期間進行防治，在卵期的探討甚少。前人研究指出雌蟲卵產於含氯化鈉基質時，無法順利黑化，而產於含硫酸鎂基質時，熱帶家蚊的蚊卵無法順利黑化，但埃及斑蚊及臺灣鋏蠓卵皆能夠黑化。本研究進一步探討氯化鈉及硫酸鎂水溶液處理後蟲卵外觀、卵殼表面顯微差異及發育過程中包覆胚胎，使卵具有抗乾燥能力 (egg resistance to desiccation) 的漿膜表皮 (serosal cuticle) 研究。也探討埃及斑蚊卵卵殼剖面構造、造成卵殼黑化的原酚氧化酶V (prophenoloxidase, proPO) 基因表現模式，及與漿膜表皮形成相關的幾丁質合成酶基因表現模式。結果顯示，鹽類水溶液處理後的蟲卵，無法黑化的組別，長度均有顯著的縮短，卵殼表面的突起比例也有增加情況或外卵黃膜區 (outer chorionic cell) 面積下降，顯示鹽類水溶液會造成無法黑化蟲卵卵殼皺縮。以幾丁質染劑確認漿膜表皮僅存在於自然產的黑化卵中。此外，埃及斑蚊的幾丁質合成酶表現與漿膜表皮的形成時間吻合。氯化鈉水溶液處理的埃及斑蚊卵殼可維持外卵黃膜 (exochorion) 及內卵黃膜 (endochorion) 的構造，而內卵黃膜有顯著的增厚 (0.4~0.5 μm)。以反轉錄聚合酶連鎖反應偵測卵的原酚氧化酶V基因表現，在蒸餾水、氯化鈉及硫酸鎂水溶液處理皆有表現，定量即時聚合酶連鎖反應結果顯示，硫酸鎂水溶液處理之自然產黑化蚊卵及氯化鈉水溶液處理之解剖未黑化蚊卵，兩者表現量有顯著下降，表示影響卵殼黑化的原因仍有待研究。 | zh_TW |
| dc.description.abstract | Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus), Culex quinquefasciatus Say and Forcipomyia taiwana (Shiraki) are important nuisance pests in Taiwan. All of them would make people allergic reaction through the bloodsucking and Ae. aegypti and Cx. quinquefasciatus also can spread diseases and harm human healthy. The control strategies always focus on larval and adult stage instead of the egg stage. Previous study suggested that eggs laid on the NaCl-containing medium are unable to melanize. When laid on MgSO4-containing medium, the eggs of Ae. aegypti and F. taiwana but not Cx. quinquefasciatus, are able to melanize. This study further investigates the effect of NaCl and MgSO4 solutions on the surface of eggs, structure of eggshell and serosal cuticle which contribute the eggs resistance to desiccation on Ae. aegypti, Cx. quinquefasciatus and F. taiwana. Our results showed that the unmelanization group of salt-treated eggs become shorter in length, outer chorionic cell decreased in area or tubercle increased in area ratio. These results indicate the egg become shrunk due to the failure of melanization. Moreover, the serosal cuticle only existed in the naturally laid and melanized eggs. Transection of NaCl-treated Ae. aegypti eggs showed that the eggshell had two intact layers (exochorion and endochorion) and the width of endochorion showed significantly wider (0.4-0.5 μm). The major prophenoloxidase gene (proPO5) responsible for egg melanization was expressed in all treatments, however, the expression level was significantly decreased in MgSO4-treated naturally laid eggs and NaCl-treated dissected eggs. The reason of salts influence egg chorion melanization is still unknown and deserves further investigation. | en |
| dc.description.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-08T03:46:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ntu-108-R05632001-1.pdf: 4352814 bytes, checksum: 8be94e1cb10bcadb5f38b0b9b851dfd3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2019 | en |
| dc.description.tableofcontents | 口試委員審定書 i
致謝 ii 摘要 iii Abstract iv 目錄 v 圖目錄 ix 表目錄 xi 壹、緒言 1 貳、往昔研究 5 2.1 卵殼的分層 5 2.2 黑化反應 (Melanization) 6 2.3 卵的形成及其黑化與硬化 7 2.4 卵的抗乾燥能力 9 2.5 蚊子產卵行為與誘引防治方法 11 2.6 電子顯微鏡 (Electron microscopy, EM) 技術 12 參、材料與方法 14 3.1 供試蟲源與飼養 14 3.2 埃及斑蚊卵之取得 14 3.2.1 自然產黑化卵與未黑化卵 15 3.2.2 解剖黑化卵與未黑化卵 15 3.3 熱帶家蚊卵之取得 15 3.3.1 自然產黑化卵與未黑化卵 15 3.3.2 解剖黑化卵與未黑化卵 16 3.4 臺灣鋏蠓卵之取得 16 3.4.1 自然產黑化卵與未黑化卵 16 3.4.2 解剖黑化卵與未黑化卵 16 3.5 卵之形態 16 3.5.1 光學顯微鏡 17 3.5.2 穿透式電子顯微鏡 18 3.5.3 掃描式電子顯微鏡觀察蟲卵表面形態 18 3.6 漿膜表皮 (serosal cuticle) 觀察 18 3.6.1 雷射共軛焦顯微鏡 18 3.7 埃及斑蚊黑化卵與未黑化卵原酚氧化酶V基因及幾丁質合成酶基因表現 19 3.7.1 總量 RNA 之萃取 19 3.7.2 RNA反轉錄 (Reverse transcription, RT) 至cDNA 20 3.7.3 聚合酶連鎖反應 (Polymerase chain reaction, PCR) 20 3.7.4 PCR產物分析 21 3.7.5 定量即時聚合酶連鎖反應 (Quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction, qRT-PCR ) 21 3.8 埃及斑蚊誘引產卵 22 3.8.1 誘引產卵溶液 22 3.8.2 誘引產卵實驗配置 22 3.9 數據統計分析 23 肆、結果 24 4.1 鹽類對埃及斑蚊卵之影響 24 4.1.1 鹽類對埃及斑蚊卵黑化影響 24 4.1.2 鹽類對埃及斑蚊卵構造之影響 24 4.1.3 鹽類對埃及斑蚊卵超微構造之影響 24 4.1.4 鹽類對埃及斑蚊卵外部形態之影響 25 4.2 鹽類對埃及斑蚊卵漿膜表皮 (serosal cuticle) 的影響 26 4.2.1 埃及斑蚊幾丁質合成酶 (Chitin Synthase , CHS1a) 的表現 26 4.3 埃及斑蚊原酚氧化酶V (prophenoloxidase V, proPO5) 的表現 27 4.4 鹽類對於熱帶家蚊卵之影響 28 4.4.1 鹽類對熱帶家蚊卵黑化影響 28 4.4.2 鹽類對熱帶家蚊卵外部形態之影響 28 4.4.3 鹽類對熱帶家蚊卵中漿膜表皮之影響 29 4.5 鹽類對於臺灣鋏蠓卵之影響 29 4.5.1 鹽類對臺灣鋏蠓卵黑化影響 29 4.5.2 鹽類對臺灣鋏蠓卵外部形態之影響 30 4.5.3 鹽類對臺灣鋏蠓卵中漿膜表皮之影響 31 4.6 埃及斑蚊產卵誘引 31 伍、討論 33 陸、參考文獻 41 柒、附錄 80 附錄一、蚊卵殼的分層以及不同蚊種的抗乾燥能力示意圖 80 附錄二、本研究使用之同步產卵裝置 81 附錄三、本研究使用之引子清單 82 附錄四、15% 漂白水浸泡處理自然產於蒸餾水之埃及斑蚊黑化卵 83 附錄五、7.5% 漂白水浸泡處理自然產於氯化鈉水溶液之埃及斑蚊未黑化卵 84 附錄六、15% 漂白水浸泡處理自然產於硫酸鎂水溶液之埃及斑蚊黑化卵 85 附錄七、30% 漂白水浸泡處理自然產於蒸餾水之熱帶家蚊黑化卵 86 附錄八、3.75% 漂白水浸泡處理自然產於氯化鈉水溶液之熱帶家蚊未黑化卵 87 附錄九、3.75% 漂白水浸泡處理自然產於硫酸鎂水溶液之熱帶家蚊未黑化卵 88 附錄十、15% 漂白水浸泡處理自然產於蒸餾水之臺灣鋏蠓黑化卵 89 附錄十一、7.5% 漂白水浸泡處理自然產於氯化鈉水溶液之臺灣鋏蠓粉紅卵 90 附錄十二、15% 漂白水浸泡處理自然產於硫酸鎂水溶液之臺灣鋏蠓黑化卵 91 | |
| dc.language.iso | zh-TW | |
| dc.title | 鹽類對埃及斑蚊、熱帶家蚊及臺灣鋏蠓卵殼構造之影響 | zh_TW |
| dc.title | Effects of Salts on the Eggshell Structure of Aedes aegypti, Culex quinquefasciatus and Forcipomyia taiwana | en |
| dc.type | Thesis | |
| dc.date.schoolyear | 107-1 | |
| dc.description.degree | 碩士 | |
| dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 吳文哲(Wen-Jer Wu),許如君(Ju-Chun Hsu),蔡坤憲(Kun-Hsien Tsai),黃旌集(Chin-Gi Huang) | |
| dc.subject.keyword | 埃及斑蚊,熱帶家蚊,臺灣鋏蠓,卵殼,漿膜表皮,原酚氧化?V,幾丁質合成?, | zh_TW |
| dc.subject.keyword | Aedes aegypti,Culex quinquefasciatus,Forcipomyia taiwana,eggshell,serosal cuticle,prophenoloxidase,chitin synthase, | en |
| dc.relation.page | 91 | |
| dc.identifier.doi | 10.6342/NTU201900288 | |
| dc.rights.note | 未授權 | |
| dc.date.accepted | 2019-02-12 | |
| dc.contributor.author-college | 生物資源暨農學院 | zh_TW |
| dc.contributor.author-dept | 昆蟲學研究所 | zh_TW |
| 顯示於系所單位： | 昆蟲學系 | |
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