請用此 Handle URI 來引用此文件:
http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/21260
完整後設資料紀錄
DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
---|---|---|
dc.contributor.advisor | 靳宗洛 | |
dc.contributor.author | Chun-Feng Chen | en |
dc.contributor.author | 陳俊夆 | zh_TW |
dc.date.accessioned | 2021-06-08T03:29:44Z | - |
dc.date.copyright | 2019-08-18 | |
dc.date.issued | 2019 | |
dc.date.submitted | 2019-08-15 | |
dc.identifier.citation | Abe H, Yamaguchi-Shinozaki K, Urao T, Iwasaki T, Hosokawa D, Shinozaki K (1997) Role of Arabidopsis MYC and MYB homologs in drought- and abscisic acid-regulated gene expression. The Plant Cell 9: 1859-1868
Ahanger MA, Tomar NS, Tittal M, Argal S, Agarwal RM (2017) Plant growth under water/salt stress: ROS production; antioxidants and significance of added potassium under such conditions. Physiology and molecular biology of plants : an international journal of functional plant biology 23: 731-744 Baniwal SK, Chan KY, Scharf KD, Nover L (2007) Role of heat stress transcription factor HsfA5 as specific repressor of HsfA4. Journal of Biological Chemistry 282: 3605-3613 Banti V, Mafessoni F, Loreti E, Alpi A, Perata P (2010) The heat-inducible transcription factor HsfA2 enhances anoxia tolerance in Arabidopsis. Plant Physiology 152: 1471-1483 Boston RS, Viitanen PV, Vierling E (1996) Molecular chaperones and protein folding in plants. Plant Molecular Biology 32: 191-222 Busch W, Wunderlich M, Schöffl F (2005) Identification of novel heat shock factor-dependent genes and biochemical pathways in Arabidopsis thaliana. The Plant Journal 41: 1-14 Charng YY, Liu HC, Liu NY, Chi WT, Wang CN, Chang SH, Wang TT (2007) A Heat-Inducible Transcription Factor, HsfA2, Is Required for Extension of Acquired Thermotolerance in Arabidopsis. Plant Physiology 143: 251-262 Chinnusamy V, Zhu J, Zhu JK (2007) Cold stress regulation of gene expression in plants. Trends in Plant Science 12: 444-451 Choi HI, Hong JH, Ha JO, Kang JY, Kim SY (2000) ABFs, a family of ABA-responsive element binding factors. Journal of Biological Chemistry 275: 1723-1730 Clarke SM, Mur LAJ, Wood JE, Scott IM (2004) Salicylic acid dependent signaling promotes basal thermotolerance but is not essential for acquired thermotolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana. The Plant Journal 38: 432-447 Clough SJ, Bent AF (1998) Floral dip: a simplified method for Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of Arabidopsis thaliana. The Plant Journal 16: 735-743 Czarnecka-verner E, Pan S, Salem T, Gurley WB (2004) Plant class B HSFs inhibit transcription and exhibit affinity for TFIIB and TBP. Plant Molecular Biology 56: 57-75 Czarnecka Verner E, Yuan CX, Scharf KD, Englich G, Gurley WB (2000) Plants contain a novel multi-member class of heat shock factors without transcriptional activator potential. Plant Molecular Biology 43: 459-471 Czechowski T, Stitt M, Altmann T, Udvardi MK, Scheible WR (2005) Genome-wide identification and testing of superior reference genes for transcript normalization in Arabidopsis. Plant Physiology 139: 5-17 Davletova S, Rizhsky L, Liang H, Shengqiang Z, Oliver DJ, Coutu J, Shulaev V, Schlauch K, Mittler R (2005) Cytosolic Ascorbate Peroxidase 1 is a central component of the reactive oxygen gene network of Arabidopsis. The Plant Cell 17: 268-281 Dubos C, Stracke R, Grotewold E, Weisshaar B, Martin C, Lepiniec L (2010) MYB transcription factors in Arabidopsis. Trends in Plant Science 15: 573-581 Fujita Y, Fujita M, Satoh R, Maruyama K, Parvez MM, Seki M, Hiratsu K, Ohme-Takagi M, Shinozaki K, Yamaguchi-Shinozaki K (2005) AREB1 is a transcription activator of novel ABRE-dependent ABA signaling that enhances drought stress tolerance in Arabidopsis. The Plant Cell 17: 3470-3488 Guo M, Liu JH, Ma X, Luo DX, Gong ZH, Lu MH (2016) The plant heat stress transcription factors (HSFs): structure, regulation, and function in response to abiotic stresses. Frontiers in Plant Science 7: 114 Guo M, Lu JP, Zhai YF, Chai WG, Gong ZH, Lu MH (2015) Genome-wide analysis, expression profile of heat shock factor gene family (CaHsfs) and characterisation of CaHsfA2 in pepper (Capsicum annuum L.). BMC Plant Biology 15: 151 Hadiarto T, Tran LSP (2011) Progress studies of drought-responsive genes in rice. Plant Cell Reports 30: 297-310 Heidarvand L, Maali Amiri R (2010) What happens in plant molecular responses to cold stress? Acta Physiologiae Plantarum 32: 419-431 Hiratsu K, Ohta M, Matsui K, Ohme-Takagi M (2002) The SUPERMAN protein is an active repressor whose carboxy-terminal repression domain is required for the development of normal flowers. FEBS Letters 514: 351-354 Hu Y, Han YT, Zhang K, Zhao FL, Li YJ, Zheng Y, Wang YJ, Wen YQ (2016) Identification and expression analysis of heat shock transcription factors in the wild Chinese grapevine (Vitis pseudoreticulata). Plant Physiology and Biochemistry 99: 1-10 Huang YC, Niu CY, Yang CR, Jinn TL (2016) The heat stress factor HSFA6b connects ABA signaling and ABA-mediated heat responses. Plant Physiology 172: 1182-1199 Hwang SM, Kim DW, Woo MS, Jeong HS, Son YS, Akhter S, Choi GJ, Bahk JD (2014) Functional characterization of Arabidopsis HsfA6a as a heat‐shock transcription factor under high salinity and dehydration conditions. Plant, Cell & Environment 37: 1202-1222 Ikeda M, Mitsuda N, Ohme-Takagi M (2011) Arabidopsis HsfB1 and HsfB2b act as repressors of the expression of heat-inducible Hsfs but positively regulate the acquired thermotolerance. Plant Physiology 157: 1243-1254 Julien H, Taffouo V, E Nouck A, P J Nyemene K, Tonfack L, L Meguekam T, Youmbi E (2017) Effects of salt stress on plant growth, nutrient partitioning, chlorophyll content, leaf relative water content, accumulation of osmolytes and antioxidant compounds in pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) cultivars. Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca 45: 481-490 Keiichiro H, Kyoko M, Tomotsugu K, Masaru OT (2003) Dominant repression of target genes by chimeric repressors that include the EAR motif, a repression domain, in Arabidopsis. The Plant Journal 34: 733-739 Kim S, Kang JY, Cho DI, Park JH, Kim SY (2004) ABF2, an ABRE-binding bZIP factor, is an essential component of glucose signaling and its overexpression affects multiple stress tolerance. The Plant Journal 40: 75-87 Kotak S, Port M, Ganguli A, Bicker F, Koskull‐Döring PV (2004) Characterization of C‐terminal domains of Arabidopsis heat stress transcription factors (Hsfs) and identification of a new signature combination of plant class A Hsfs with AHA and NES motifs essential for activator function and intracellular localization. The Plant Journal 39: 98-112 Kotak S, Vierling E, Bäumlein H, Koskull-Döring PV (2007) A novel transcriptional cascade regulating expression of heat stress proteins during seed development of Arabidopsis The Plant Cell 19: 182-195 Kozak M (1987) Effects of intercistronic length on the efficiency of reinitiation by eucaryotic ribosomes. Molecular and Cellular Biology 7: 3438-3445 Kozak M (2002) Pushing the limits of the scanning mechanism for initiation of translation. Gene 299: 1-34 Larkindale J, Hall JD, Knight MR, Vierling E (2005) Heat Stress Phenotypes of Arabidopsis Mutants Implicate Multiple Signaling Pathways in the Acquisition of Thermotolerance. Plant Physiology 138: 882-897 Liu HC, Liao HT, Charng YY (2011) The role of class A1 heat shock factors (HSFA1s) in response to heat and other stresses in Arabidopsis. Plant, Cell & Environment 34: 738-751 Liu HT, Gao F, Li GL, Han JL, Liu DL, Sun DY, Zhou RG (2008) The calmodulin-binding protein kinase 3 is part of heat-shock signal transduction in Arabidopsis thaliana. The Plant Journal 55: 760-773 Liu L, Xu W, Hu X, Liu H, Lin Y (2016) W-box and G-box elements play important roles in early senescence of rice flag leaf. Scientific Reports 6: 20881 Meyer AS, Baker TA (2011) Proteolysis in the Escherichia coli heat shock response: a player at many levels. Current opinion in microbiology 14: 194-199 Miriam G, Arne S, Swen S, Karl-Josef D (2015) Redox‐dependent translocation of the heat shock transcription factor AtHSFA8 from the cytosol to the nucleus in Arabidopsis thaliana. FEBS Letters 589: 718-725 Mittler R, Finka A, Goloubinoff P (2012) How do plants feel the heat? Trends Biochem Sci 37: 118-125 Miura K, Furumoto T (2013) Cold signaling and cold response in plants. International journal of molecular sciences 14: 5312-5337 Msanne J, Lin J, Stone JM, Awada T (2011) Characterization of abiotic stress-responsive Arabidopsis thaliana RD29A and RD29B genes and evaluation of transgenes. Planta 234: 97-107 Murashige T, Skoog F (1962) A revised medium for rapid growth and bio assays with tobacco tissue cultures. Physiologia Plantarum 15: 473-497 Nakashima K, Yamaguchi-Shinozaki K (2013) ABA signaling in stress-response and seed development. Plant Cell Reports 32: 959-970 Nover L, Bharti K, Döring P, Mishra SK, Ganguli A, Scharf KD (2001) Arabidopsis and the heat stress transcription factor world: how many heat stress transcription factors do we need? Cell Stress & Chaperones 6: 177-189 Ogawa D, Yamaguchi K, Nishiuchi T (2007) High-level overexpression of the Arabidopsis HsfA2 gene confers not only increased themotolerance but also salt/osmotic stress tolerance and enhanced callus growth. Journal of Experimental Botany 58: 3373-3383 Oshima Y, Mitsuda N, Nakata M, Nakagawa T, Nagaya S, Kato K, Ohme-Takagi M (2011) Novel vector systems to accelerate functional analysis of transcription factors using chimeric repressor gene-silencing technology (CRES-T). Plant Biotechnology 28: 201-210 Park S, Lee CM, Doherty CJ, Gilmour SJ, Kim Y, Thomashow MF (2015) Regulation of the Arabidopsis CBF regulon by a complex low-temperature regulatory network. The Plant Journal 82: 193-207 Pérez-Salamó I, Papdi C, Rigó G, Zsigmond L, Vilela B, Lumbreras V, Nagy I, Horváth B, Domoki M, Darula Z, Medzihradszky K, Bögre L, Koncz C, Szabados L (2014) The heat shock factor A4A confers salt tolerance and is regulated by oxidative stress and the mitogen-activated protein kinases MPK3 and MPK6. Plant Physiology 165: 319-334 Rabindran S, Haroun R, Clos J, Wisniewski J, Wu C (1993) Regulation of heat shock factor trimer formation: role of a conserved leucine zipper. Science 259: 230-234 Raghavendra AS, Gonugunta VK, Christmann A, Grill E (2010) ABA perception and signalling. Trends in Plant Science 15: 395-401 Richter K, Haslbeck M, Buchner J (2010) The heat shock response: life on the verge of death. Molecular Cell 40: 253-266 Rushton DL, Tripathi P, Rabara RC, Lin J, Ringler P, Boken AK, Langum TJ, Smidt L, Boomsma DD, Emme NJ, Chen X, Finer JJ, Shen QJ, Rushton PJ (2012) WRKY transcription factors: key components in abscisic acid signalling. Plant Biotechnology Journal 10: 2-11 Ryu H, Cho YG (2015) Plant hormones in salt stress tolerance. Journal of Plant Biology 58: 147-155 Sakuma Y, Maruyama K, Qin F, Osakabe Y, Shinozaki K, Yamaguchi-Shinozaki K (2006) Dual function of an Arabidopsis transcription factor DREB2A in water-stress-responsive and heat-stress-responsive gene expression. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 103: 18822-18827 Scharf KD, Berberich T, Ebersberger I, Nover L (2012) The plant heat stress transcription factor (Hsf) family: Structure, function and evolution. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Gene Regulatory Mechanisms 1819: 104-119 Scharf KD, Berberich T, Ebersberger I, Nover L (2012) The plant heat stress transcription factor (Hsf) family: structure, function and evolution. Biochim Biophys Acta 1819: 104-119 Schmidt R, Schippers JHM, Welker A, Mieulet D, Guiderdoni E, Mueller-Roeber B (2012) Transcription factor OsHsfC1b regulates salt tolerance and development in Oryza sativa ssp. japonica. AoB Plants 2012: pls011 Schöffl F, Prändl R, Reindl A (1998) Regulation of the Heat-Shock Response. Plant Physiology 117: 1135-1141 Schramm F, Ganguli A, Kiehlmann E, Englich G, Walch D, von Koskull-Döring P (2006) The heat stress transcription factor HsfA2 serves as a regulatory amplifier of a subset of genes in the heat stress response in Arabidopsis. Plant Molecular Biology 60: 759-772 Schwanhäusser B, Busse D, Li N, Dittmar G, Schuchhardt J, Wolf J, Chen W, Selbach M (2011) Global quantification of mammalian gene expression control. Nature 473: 337 Tejedor-Cano J, Prieto-Dapena P, Concepción A, Carranco R, Hiatsu K, Ohme-Takagi M, Jordano J (2010) Loss of function of the HSFA9 seed longevity program. Plant, Cell & Environment 33: 1408-1417 Thomashow MF (1999) Plant cold acclimation: Freezing tolerance genes and regulatory mechanisms. Annual Review of Plant Physiology and Plant Molecular Biology 50: 571-599 Vierling E (1991) The roles of heat shock proteins in plants. Annual Review of Plant Physiology and Plant Molecular Biology 42: 579-620 von Arnim AG, Jia Q, Vaughn JN (2014) Regulation of plant translation by upstream open reading frames. Plant Science 214: 1-12 von Koskull-Döring P, Scharf KD, Nover L (2007) The diversity of plant heat stress transcription factors. Trends in Plant Science 12: 452-457 Wahid A, Gelani S, Ashraf M, Foolad MR (2007) Heat tolerance in plants: An overview. Environmental and Experimental Botany 61: 199-223 Wang W, Vinocur B, Shoseyov O, Altman A (2004) Role of plant heat-shock proteins and molecular chaperones in the abiotic stress response. Trends in Plant Science 9: 244-252 Xue GP, Sadat S, Drenth J, McIntyre CL (2014) The heat shock factor family from Triticum aestivum in response to heat and other major abiotic stresses and their role in regulation of heat shock protein genes. Journal of Experimental Botany 65: 539-557 Yamaguchi-Shinozaki K, Shinozaki K (2005) Organization of cis-acting regulatory elements in osmotic- and cold-stress-responsive promoters. Trends in Plant Science 10: 88-94 Yoshida T, Fujita Y, Sayama H, Kidokoro S, Maruyama K, Mizoi J, Shinozaki K, Yamaguchi-Shinozaki K (2010) AREB1, AREB2, and ABF3 are master transcription factors that cooperatively regulate ABRE-dependent ABA signaling involved in drought stress tolerance and require ABA for full activation. The Plant Journal 61: 672-685 Yoshida T, Ohama N, Nakajima J, Kidokoro S, Mizoi J, Nakashima K, Maruyama K, Kim J-M, Seki M, Todaka D, Osakabe Y, Sakuma Y, Schöffl F, Shinozaki K, Yamaguchi-Shinozaki K (2011) Arabidopsis HsfA1 transcription factors function as the main positive regulators in heat shock-responsive gene expression. Molecular Genetics and Genomics 286: 321-332 Zhang H, Si X, Ji X, Fan R, Liu J, Chen K, Wang D, Gao C (2018) Genome editing of upstream open reading frames enables translational control in plants. Nature Biotechnology 36: 894 Zhang W, Zhou RG, Gao YJ, Zheng SZ, Xu P, Zhang SQ, Sun DY (2009) Molecular and genetic evidence for the key role of AtCaM3 in heat-shock signal transduction in Arabidopsis. Plant Physiology 149: 1773-1784 Zhao C, Lang Z, Zhu JK (2015) Cold responsive gene transcription becomes more complex. Trends in Plant Science 20: 466-468 Zhu JK (2002) Salt and drought stress signal transduction in plants. Annual review of plant biology 53: 247-273 Zhu Q, Zhang J, Gao X, Tong J, Xiao L, Li W, Zhang H (2010) The Arabidopsis AP2/ERF transcription factor RAP2.6 participates in ABA, salt and osmotic stress responses. Gene 457: 1-12 | |
dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/21260 | - |
dc.description.abstract | 熱休克反應是生物面對高溫逆境時所產生的一種防禦機制,可藉由熱休克轉錄因子調控熱休克蛋白的生成來保護細胞。在阿拉伯芥共有21個熱休克轉錄因子,分為A、B和C三類群,約有一半的熱休克轉錄因子參與在熱休克反應的訊息傳導中,其中以A類群被認為和激活熱休克反應有關,B類群扮演負向調控的角色以終止熱休克反應,而C類群則只有一個 (HSFC1)。過去的研究指出,在其他物種的熱休克轉錄因子C類群是參與在鹽分與乾旱逆境當中,然而,阿拉伯芥的HSFC1功能目前仍然未知。我們先前的研究發現,阿拉伯芥HSFC1表現會受到鹽分與離層酸誘導,並參與離層酸訊號傳遞路徑。在本次的研究中,我建立具不同的功能性的HSFC1轉殖株:HSFC1-overexpression (OE), -VP16及-SRDX,研究其功能。結果顯示,HSFC1表現會受到低溫誘導,不受高溫影響。我發現經過熱處理後,HSFC1-OE,-VP16的存活率較野生型、hsfc1及-SRDX高,而經過鹽分、離層酸及甘露醇處理後種子HSFC1-OE種子萌芽率比-VP16與-SRDX低,HSFC1-OE根長比-VP16與-SRDX要來的短。此外,暫時性表現系統實驗,結果顯示HSFC1可能負向調控HSFA2、HSFA3及HSFA6b等熱休克轉錄因子活性。我的研究發現HSFC1可能參與在低溫、鹽分及乾旱逆境反應以及ABA訊息傳導路徑,而詳細調控機制則須更進一步研究。 | zh_TW |
dc.description.abstract | Heat shock response (HSR) is a universal mechanism in all organisms to overcome heat stress (HS) or higher than normal temperatures. While HSR was happening, the accumulation of heat shock proteins (HSPs) would protect cells from HS and this mechanism is controlled by heat shock factors (HSFs). The Arabidopsis HSF family contains 21 members; about half are involved in the signaling cascade of HSR. Some Arabidopsis HSFs are well-studied, for example, the class A HSF are considered to amplify or sustain the expression of HSPs because of containing activation domain; the class B lacks a typical activation domain, are considered to attenuated HSR. There has only one HSF in class C in Arabidopsis. Although HSFCs have been found to be involved in salt and drought stress in other plants, the function of HSFC1 in Arabidopsis has remained unknown. In our previous study, we found that HSFC1 could be induced by salt and ABA and the expression of HSFC1 was altered in ABA-deficient and ABA-insensitive mutants, indicated that ABA signaling is required for proper HSFC1 expression. In this study, T-DNA-insertional mutant and HSFC1-overexpression (OE), -VP16, and -SRDX plants were used for a functional study of the HSFC1 in response temperature stress and during various developmental stages. My study showed that the expression of HSFC1 was induced by cold stress not by heat stress. At the same time, I found that HSFC1-OE and HSFC1-VP16 plants were more heat tolerant phenotype under acquired thermotolerance assay. In seed germination test, I concluded that HSFC1-OE shows higher sensitive to salt, ABA and mannitol compared with the HSFC1-VP16 and HSFC1-SRDX seedlings. In root length assay, I concluded that HSFC1-OE also shows more sensitive to salt, ABA and mannitol compared with the HSFC1-VP16 and HSFC1-SRDX seedlings. Finally, in protoplast transactivation assay, I found that the ectopic expressed HSFC1 had negative effect on HSFA2, HSFA3 and HSFA6b in stress-responsible maker gene HSP18.2 induction. My research concluded that HSFC1 was induced by cold, salt and drought stress via ABA signaling pathway. We will research more regulation mechanisms about HSFC1 in the future. | en |
dc.description.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-08T03:29:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ntu-108-R05B42019-1.pdf: 4439079 bytes, checksum: 573411074dc538dc2feddbef94ac3048 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2019 | en |
dc.description.tableofcontents | 摘要…………………………………………………5
Abstract………………………………………6 Abbreviations…………………………8 I. Introduction i. Signal pathway activated in response to heat stress……………………………10 ii. Characteristics of Heat shock factors and heat shock proteins…………………………11 iii. Cold stress response pathway and heat shock factors………………………………12 iv. Functions of heat shock factors in Arabidopsis……………………………13 v. Heat shock factor C in plants…………………………………………15 vi. ABA signaling pathway………………………16 vii. Motivation and objectives…………………17 II. Materials and methods i. Plant material and growth conditions………………………18 ii. Generation of different HSFC1 transgenic lines…………………18 iii. RNA preparation, cDNA synthesis and Real-Time Quantitative PCR……………………………18 iv. Protein extraction…………………………………………………………19 v. Protoplast transactivation assay (PTA)…………………20 vi. HSFC1 Promoter::glucuronidase (GUS) expression in transgenic Arabidopsis plants……………………………………………………………21 vii. Seed germination, root growth assay………21 viii. Thermotolerance test………………………………22 ix. Cold stress treatment………………………………22 x. Statistical analysis……………………………………22 xi. Primers and accession number………………22 III. Results i. Generation of HSFC1-mutant lines…………24 ii. HSFC1 was expressed ubiquitously in Arabidopsis…………24 iii. HSFC1 is not induced by heat stress whereas it upregulates in low temperature………………………………24 iv. HSFC1-OE, HSFC1-VP16 and HSFC1-SRDX mutants in response to heat, salt, ABA, and mannitol treatment………………………………………25 v. HSFC1-OE, HSFC1-VP16 and HSFC1-SRDX mutants in to abiotic stresses…………………………………………26 vi. HSFC1 might have negative effect on HSFs in HSPs expression……………………………………27 vii. HSFC1 might participate in seed development………………27 IV. Discussion i. HSFC1 may be involved in different stresses………………………28 ii. HSFC1 may play crucial role in plant development………………………………28 iii. The protein expression level of HSFC1 transgenic lines might be unstable………………29 iv. HSFC1 may be involved in ABA-mediated salt stress responses……………………………………30 v. The function of upstream open reading frame (uORF)…………30 vi. Only one heat shock factor in C class in Arabidopsis…31 vii. Perspective and future work………………………31 V. Table..……………………………………………………………33 VI. Figures…………………………………………………………35 VII. Appendixes………………………………………………58 VIII. References……………………………………………70 | |
dc.language.iso | en | |
dc.title | 阿拉伯芥熱休克因子HSFC1在非生物逆境反應與生長之功能性研究 | zh_TW |
dc.title | Functional study of Arabidopsis HSFC1 in abiotic stress responses and growth | en |
dc.type | Thesis | |
dc.date.schoolyear | 107-2 | |
dc.description.degree | 碩士 | |
dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 楊健志,鄭秋萍,張英?,王雅筠 | |
dc.subject.keyword | 阿拉伯芥,熱休克轉錄因子,低溫逆境,鹽分逆境,乾旱逆境,離層酸, | zh_TW |
dc.subject.keyword | Arabidopsis,HSF,cold stress,salt stress,drought stress,ABA, | en |
dc.relation.page | 76 | |
dc.identifier.doi | 10.6342/NTU201903315 | |
dc.rights.note | 未授權 | |
dc.date.accepted | 2019-08-15 | |
dc.contributor.author-college | 生命科學院 | zh_TW |
dc.contributor.author-dept | 植物科學研究所 | zh_TW |
顯示於系所單位: | 植物科學研究所 |
文件中的檔案:
檔案 | 大小 | 格式 | |
---|---|---|---|
ntu-108-1.pdf 目前未授權公開取用 | 4.34 MB | Adobe PDF |
系統中的文件,除了特別指名其著作權條款之外,均受到著作權保護,並且保留所有的權利。