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完整後設資料紀錄
DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
---|---|---|
dc.contributor.advisor | 林乃君(Nai-Chun Lin) | |
dc.contributor.author | Keng-Chiao Liu | en |
dc.contributor.author | 劉耕樵 | zh_TW |
dc.date.accessioned | 2021-06-08T03:01:53Z | - |
dc.date.copyright | 2020-09-16 | |
dc.date.issued | 2020 | |
dc.date.submitted | 2020-08-20 | |
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dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/20754 | - |
dc.description.abstract | 草莓為台灣重要經濟水果,栽培面積多達 506 公頃。近年來草莓因種植品種及氣候的關係,使得炭疽病菌在臺灣廣泛傳播並造成嚴重的損失。因應政府「化學農藥,十年減半」政策,開發更多友善環境之替代防治策略以應用於草莓炭疽病有害生物整合管理計畫,刻不容緩。植物激發物胜肽 (plant elicitor peptides, PEPs ) 是一類植物內生性的激發物 (elicitor),能誘發植物防禦機制以對抗生物性逆境的危害。根據前人研究,將植物激發物胜肽施用於阿拉伯芥、玉米及桃上皆可以誘導植物產生抗性並減輕植物病原菌所造成的病徵。PEPs 已在許多種植物中被發現,且對於病蟲害有防治效果,具發展潛力,前人在草莓基因體序列中亦發現有植物激發物胜肽 FaPep5 和 FaPep5b 的存在。因此,本研究之目的為測試草莓上所發現的植物激發物胜肽 FaPep5 和 FaPep5b 是否具有誘導草莓抗性以抵抗炭疽病危害之能力,除了藉由觀察處理過胜肽之草莓上炭疽病發病嚴重度來評估此二直物激發物胜肽誘發抗性效果,另外會根據後續生理生化試驗來探討 FaPep5 和 FaPep5b 可能誘發的抗病機制。結果顯示 FaPep5 及 FaPep5b 分別以濃度 100 nM 及 250 nM 即可誘導植物產生抗性有效減少炭疽病造成之病徵,而此誘發出之抗性可延續達五天之久。之後利用二氨基聯苯胺 (3, 3-diaminobenzendine, DAB) 染色發現胜肽亦會增加活性氧物質 H2O2 在葉片內的累積。而測定抗氧化酵素發現 FaPep5 在處理 24 和 36 小時後,會誘導胱甘肽還原酶 (Glutathione reductase, GR) 活性的提升,而 Fapep5b 則在處理 6 小時後 GR 活性即與對照組有顯著差異,但後續則下降並與對照組之活性類似。最後測定植物體內相關防禦基因的表現,發現兩種胜肽皆可在處理 24 小時後誘導防禦相關基因 FaNPR1 及 FaWRKY-70 的表現。本研究除了能提供 PEPs 是否具應用於草莓炭疽病防治潛力之初步成果,希望未來能找到誘導草莓大量產生 FaPep5 和 FaPep5b 之方式,使植物激發物胜肽之應用效果能更加顯著。 | zh_TW |
dc.description.abstract | Strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa Duchesne) is an economically important herbaceous plant belonging to family Rosaceae, the total planting area has reached 506 hectares in 2018. However, due to the high temperature and humidity in Taiwan, the anthracnose disease cause by Colletotrichum siamense was become more serious every year and lead to a great loss for strawberry farmers. To respond to the ten-year policy for cutting pesticide utilization in half, development of more environmentally friendly control measures for the integrated pest management program is a must. Plant Elicitor Peptides (PEPs) are one kind of endogenous elicitors of plants. According to previous studies, application of PEPs to Arabidopsis thaliana、Zea mays and Prunus persica can induce plant immune responses and reduce symptoms caused by different pathogens. Sequences of PEPs, including FaPep5 and FaPep5b from strawberry, have been identified in many plant species, and possess high potential to be developed into control means for pests. Therefore, this research intends to apply FaPep5 and FaPep5b to induce resistance in strawberry, and evaluate the effect based on the severity of anthracnose. The result showed that FaPep5 and FaPep5b could reduce the anthracnose symptom at the lowest concentrations of 100 nM and 250 nM, respectively. Furthermore, application of PEPs can increase the accumulation of H2O2 in strawberry leaves using the 3, 3-diaminobenzendine (DAB) staining method. FaPep5 and FaPep5b could also induce the activity of glutathione reductase (GR), which showed significant difference 24 and 36 hours after treatment of FaPep5.However, the GR activity of the FaPep5b-treated plants was significantly different from the control group at 6 hours post treatment (hpt). In addition, FaPep5 and FaPep5b can induce the expressions of NPR1 and WRKY-70 at 24 hpt. This study provides preliminary data showing the potential of PEPs on control of strawberry anthracnose. In the future, methods to intensively induce the expressions of FaPep5 and FaPep5b should be developed to strengthen the efficacy of PEPs in the field. | en |
dc.description.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-08T03:01:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 U0001-1908202015050700.pdf: 2607278 bytes, checksum: 9b80f1d66f3a7f966a9f4aa28d805f18 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2020 | en |
dc.description.tableofcontents | 壹、摘要 1 貳、英文摘要 3 參、前言 5 一、 草莓簡介及栽培概況 5 二、 草莓重要病害 6 1.草莓炭疽病 (Anthracnose) 6 2.草莓萎凋病 (Fusarium wilt) 7 3.草莓白粉病 (Powdery mildew) 8 4. 草莓灰黴病 (Gray mold) 8 5. 草莓青枯病 (Bacterial wilt) 9 三、 台灣草莓炭疽病之防治 9 四、 植物之防禦反應 11 1. 植物之免疫反應 11 2. 系統性誘導抗病 (systemic acquired resistance, SAR) 12 3. 誘導系統性抗病 (induced systemic resistance, ISR) 14 五、 內源性激發子 (endogenous elicitor peptides) 分類 15 1.其前趨蛋白N端並無訊息胜肽序列 (peptides from precursor proteins without an N-terminal secretion signal) : 15 2.其前趨蛋白N端具訊息胜肽序列 (peptides from precursor proteins with an N-terminal secretion signal) : 18 3.由具獨立功能性蛋白質所衍生出之胜肽 (cryptic peptides derived from proteins with separate primary functions) : 19 肆、研究動機 22 伍、材料方法 24 一、 供試植物及栽培條件 24 二、 草莓炭疽病菌之製備 24 三、 植物激發物胜肽離葉接種與抗病效果效果測試 24 四、 胜肽抑菌能力試驗 25 五、 植物激發物胜肽植株試驗與最低有效濃度測定 25 六、 植物激發物胜肽之有效時間測定 26 七、 活性氧物質(H2O2)染色 : 27 八、 酵素活性測定 : 27 (1) 過氧化氫酶 (Catalase, CAT) : 27 (2) 抗壞血酸過氧化酶 (Ascorbate peroxidase, APX) : 28 (3) 胱甘肽還原酶 (Glutathione reductase, GR) : 29 (4) 苯丙胺酸解胺酶 (Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, PAL) : 29 九、 草莓相關防禦基因測定 30 (1) 草莓RNA萃取 30 (2) 反轉錄反應 Reverse Transcription 31 (3) 草莓防禦相關基因表現 31 十、 統計分析 32 陸、結果 33 一、 植物激發物胜肽離葉接種與效果測試 : 33 二、 胜肽抑菌試驗 : 33 三、 植物激發物胜肽最低有效濃度 : 34 四、 植物激發物胜肽有效誘導抗性之時間 : 35 五、 FaPep5 和 FaPep5b 會誘導活性氧物質 H2O2 的形成 : 35 六、 相關酵素含量測定 : 36 七、 施用 FaPep5 和 FaPep5b對草莓防禦相關基因表現的影響 : 37 柒、討論 39 捌、參考文獻 44 玖、圖表集 56 | |
dc.language.iso | zh-TW | |
dc.title | 應用植物激發物胜肽誘導草莓抵抗炭疽病之研究 | zh_TW |
dc.title | Studies on application of plant elicitor peptides to induce strawberry resistance against anthracnose | en |
dc.type | Thesis | |
dc.date.schoolyear | 108-2 | |
dc.description.degree | 碩士 | |
dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 陳昭瑩,洪挺軒,鍾嘉綾 | |
dc.subject.keyword | 草莓,炭疽病,植物激發物胜肽,誘導抗性, | zh_TW |
dc.subject.keyword | Strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa),Anthracnose,Plant elicitor peptide,Induced resistance, | en |
dc.relation.page | 71 | |
dc.identifier.doi | 10.6342/NTU202004085 | |
dc.rights.note | 未授權 | |
dc.date.accepted | 2020-08-20 | |
dc.contributor.author-college | 生物資源暨農學院 | zh_TW |
dc.contributor.author-dept | 植物醫學碩士學位學程 | zh_TW |
顯示於系所單位: | 植物醫學碩士學位學程 |
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