以模糊德爾菲法與模糊層級分析法探討影響臺灣小型風力發電機產業國際競爭力之關鍵因素

Abstract

經廣泛蒐集相關文獻與資料，深入瞭解我國小型風力發電機產業的特性及發展現況後，本研究以麥克波特(Michael Porter)所提「鑽石模型」為基礎，考慮「企業的策略、結構與競爭」、「相關與支援性產業」、「生產要素」、「市場需求」與「政府」五個構面內的相關因素，首先透過模糊德爾菲法，確認經徵詢各界專家對小型風力發電機產業所獲得構面內諸多因素之適當性，再應用模糊層級分析法，依據產、官、學、研各界專家所填答之12份有效問卷，分析、瞭解有利於我國小型風力發電機產業發展的關鍵因素，而後進行各因素優先順序之排列。本研究結果顯示，前述構面中之「企業的策略、結構與競爭」與「政府」兩者對於我國小型風力發電機產業國際競爭力的影響較為重要，而此兩構面下之「取得重要專利權與研發」、「與當地開發商合作」與「政府扶植該產業」更是當前政府與業界較需重視的關鍵因素。

This purpose of this study is to explore the key factors that affect the international competitiveness of Taiwan’s small wind-turbine industry. Porter’s Diamond Model was adopted as the theoretical framework for constructing the impact measurement. The study consists of three phases. In the first phase, data were collected in oredr to understand the characteristics and current situation of the wind-turbine industry in Taiwan. They were also used for further constructing of preliminary influential factors. In the second phase, Fuzzy Delphi Method (FDM) was employed for the purpose of confirming the appropriateness of a few selected key influential factors among the preliminary ones. In the last phase, twelve professionals from government, companies, academic and research institutions were interviewed and their opinions were analyzed using Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (FAHP) for finding out the importance and priority of factors having significant impacts on the industry. Through the study, it is discovered that in the forecited construction of 'corporate strategy, structure and competition' and 'government' for the international competitiveness of Taiwan small wind-turbine industry the impact is mort important, and the two construction of this (1) to obtain the important patents and R&D, (2) to cooperate with local developers, and (3) government support of the industry, are key factors which the current government and the industry must take.