時域有限差分法模擬分析生物體表色彩結構

Abstract

在本研究中，我們使用時域有限差分法（finite-difference time-domain method，FDTD method）針對下列五種生物進行體表色彩的光學性質分析：大藍閃蝶、夏威夷短尾魷魚、赫克力士長戟大兜蟲、蔚藍金龜以及霓虹脂鯉。在建立上述生物體表結構的實驗模型後，我們模擬光線在結構傳播的情形，並分析結構材料特性以及其幾何特徵對體表色彩的影響。考慮的因素包含結構材料的折射率、厚度及排列形式。最後，我們比較模擬結果與真實生物情形的光譜特徵差異，用以分析模擬結構的準確度，使我們建置的模擬結構能提供正確的生物體表色彩資訊。

In this research, we employ the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) simulation technique to analyze the optical characteristics of the following creatures: Morpho butterfly, Hawaiian bobtail squid, Hercules beetle, Cerulean chafer beetle and Neon tetra. We construct the simulation models for these creatures with some assumptions and simplifications so that the main factors which affects the color appearances can be focused. Various parameters of these structure models are studied to decipher the effect on color appearances, including: refractive indices of structure materials, thickness of the structure layer, spacing between layers and the number of layers. Furthermore, the comparisons of creature structures are discussed; research findings help us acquire fundamental coloration mechanisms of these creatures.