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標題: | 親代n-3脂肪酸缺乏飲食對產後及子代下視丘-腦下垂體-腎上腺軸壓力反應及回饋調控之影響 Maternal n-3 fatty acid deficient diet on hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis responses and feedback regulation to stress in postpartum rats and in the offspring later in life |
作者: | Yu-Ju Hsieh 謝喻如 |
指導教授: | 蘇慧敏(Hui-Min Su) |
關鍵字: | 壓力,憂鬱,泌乳行為, depression,stress,maternal care, |
出版年 : | 2014 |
學位: | 碩士 |
摘要: | 本論文主要探討母鼠在懷孕泌乳期攝取n-3缺乏飼料對產後及子代下視丘-腦下垂體-腎上腺軸對壓力反應及回饋調控和憂鬱、焦慮行為之影響。二十二碳六烯酸(22:6n-3, DHA)為影響腦部神經發育生長與維持功能的重要因子。母體在懷孕泌乳期即子代的大腦發育時期,DHA會透過胎盤及泌乳的方式給予子代。在母鼠懷孕泌乳時期餵食含葵花油的n-3缺乏飼料,或補充魚油做為n-3正常組別到母鼠犧牲,子代在離乳後皆餵食相同的chow diet直到十週大犧牲。實驗結果發現在母鼠懷孕泌乳時期攝取n-3缺乏飼料會造成其照顧子代及主動泌乳行為的表現顯著下降且對壓力回饋調控的程度較差,在產後焦慮及憂鬱的程度也較高。在母鼠懷孕泌乳時期餵食n-3缺乏飼料,其子代在出生及離乳期的體重都較輕。子代大腦發育期缺乏DHA在給予急性束縛壓力後,其肛溫及血清中糖皮質固醇的濃度顯著較高且海馬中的糖皮質固醇受體的蛋白表現有下降的趨勢;而在糖皮質固醇受體促進劑(agonist)的作用下,利用急性束縛壓力及促腎上腺皮質激素釋放激素刺激也發現其血清中糖皮質固醇的濃度也顯著較高;在行為實驗表現焦慮及憂鬱的程度也較高。此外,在糖皮質固醇受體促進劑(agonist)壓力誘導的實驗發現親代攝取n-3缺乏飼料,其子代雌鼠對壓力的反應較雄鼠敏感。然而雄鼠行為表現上較為焦慮及憂鬱。綜合以上所述,在母鼠懷孕泌乳期攝取n-3缺乏飼料,會增加下視丘-腦下垂體-腎上腺軸對壓力反應的過度活化及降低其負回饋調控,導致母鼠產後及子代成鼠憂鬱、焦慮的表現。 This thesis was to examine whether a maternal n-3 fatty acid-deficient diet during pregnancy and lactation altered the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis responses and negative feedback regulation leading to anxiety and depression behaviors in postpartum rats and in the offspring later in life. Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n-3), is specifically enriched in the brain and is essential for normal neurological function. Most DHA accumulation in the brain occurs during brain development and is supplied via the placenta to the fetus and in the breast-fed milk to the pup. Pregnant rats were fed a sunflower oil-based n-3 fatty acid-deficient diet or the same diet supplemented with fish oil as an n-3 fatty acid-adequate diet during pregnancy and lactation. The maternal rats were maintained on the same diet till sacrificed at postpartum day 30. The pups, after weaning at postnatal day 22, were fed chow diet till sacrificed at 10-week-old. We found that the maternal rats fed an n-3 fatty acid-deficient diet showed significant lower licking/grooming and arch-back nursing behavior, increased in sensitivity to dexamethasone suppression following restraint stress-induced serum corticosterone levels, and enhanced depressive-like behavior in the forced-swimming test and anxiety-like behavior in the plus-maze test compared to the maternal rats fed an n-3 fatty acid-adequate diet. Exposure to the maternal n-3 fatty acid-deficient diet during the brain development was resulted, at newborn and weaning, in a significant reduced offspring body weight. DHA deficiency during the brain development significantly increased and prolonged restraint stress-induced changes in colonic body temperature and serum corticosterone levels, caused a significant increase in sensitivity to dexamethasone suppression with corticotrophin releasing hormone- or restraint stress-induced serum corticosterone III changes, and enhanced depressive-like behavior in the forced-swimming test and anxiety-like behavior in the plus-maze test in later life. In addition, DHA deficiency during the brain development in female offspring significantly increased in sensitivity to dexamethasone suppression with restraint stress-induced serum corticosterone changes than the male offspring. However, the male offspring compared to females, showed higher depressive-like behavior in the forced-swimming test and anxiety-like behavior in the plus-maze test. These results suggest that a maternal n-3 fatty acid-deficient diet during pregnancy and lactation leads to excessive HPA responses and dysregulation to stress and elevated behavioral indices of depression and anxiety in postpartum rats and the offspring later in life. |
URI: | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/16679 |
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