由農產契作暨植保機應用衍生之生產鏈服務平台商業計劃

Abstract

近年來，由於農牧人口日益減少、老齡化嚴重，農事需尋求更有效率的方式進行。農用無人植保機用於防治病蟲害農藥噴灑效益佳、省時快速、方便安全，不但可以解決缺工問題、亦能透過科學化的資訊數據收集、研究分析，發展出最適的農藥配方用量，並吸引青農投入代噴農事，因此農噴植保機市場日漸興盛。代噴業者在業務拓展上仍須積極尋求穩定收入來源。 契作生產近年增長迅速。契作商透過「合約生產」或「保證收購」的生產模式滿足既有通路的市場需求或發展通路的商業利益、規範農作標準、確保生產品質，並可保障農民免於農產品求售無門或價格慘跌損失的困境，可降低農業生產風險並專注於農業生產之經營。目前稻米的契作佔比約為10%，每年並在政府的大力獎勵、契作商尋求農產品穩定來源與品質下以10%的速度持續增長。其他農產品如玉米、蔬菜等也逐步擴大契作生產模式。 2020年3月31日起，台灣民航局無人機專法上路，對於未來植保機代噴市場的發展有更嚴謹的規範，未來農民、契作商尋找合法的代噴業者，使其飛行數據、用藥用量在規範之中勢在必行。如何透過平台服務媒合契作商與植保機飛手、提供業務媒合及接單排程服務、解決契作商管理問題的優質生產鏈解決方案，是本商業計畫書專注的價值主張。 本計畫從市場規模、競爭者分析及平台雙邊業者需求出發，以PEST及五力分析探討商業競爭環境，並透過實地深度訪談、網路外部性探討補貼政策、尋求服務獨特點建立市場區隔，輔以精實畫布建立生產鏈服務平台的商業模式。 此商業計畫預計分三階段進行平台業務拓展，共投入資本額新台幣1,200萬元，分兩年各投入600萬元，主要支出在人事成本、程式軟體/APP平台設計、網管及平台補貼費用等，預計第三年起可達損益兩平、第五年轉正累計盈餘。

In recent years, due to the declining and aging agriculture population, a more efficient farming way is in need. The agricultural UAV, or agriculture drone, used for the prevention and control of pests and pesticides, has demonstrated spraying efficacy and is time-saving, fast, convenient and safe. It can not only solve the problem of lack of labors, but also develop the optimal pesticide formulations and dosages through scientific information data collection and research analysis, attract young farmers into pesticide spraying business, and thrive the agricultural drone market. The spraying practitioners still need to actively seek business expansion to stabilize the source of income. Contract production has grown rapidly in recent years. The contractors use the 'contract production' or 'guaranteed purchase' model to meet the market demand or the commercial interests of the existing channels, regulate the farming standards, ensure the quality of production, and protect farmers from the risk of agricultural production, i.e. the price collapse and loss, so that farmers can focus on the operation. At present, the contract production of rice accounts for about 10% of total rice production. Under the strong government support, and contractors seeking a stable source and quality of agricultural products, contract production areas continue to grow at a rate of 10%. Other agricultural products, such as corn and vegetables, have also gradually expanded the contract production model. From March 31, 2020, Taiwan’s Civil Aviation Administration enacted unmanned aerial vehicles laws. It will have more rigorous regulations for the future development of the agriculture drone spraying market. Farmers and contractors will look for legitimate spraying operators to make the flight data and the dosage of pesticides under the norm. How to use the platform to serve as the matchmaker for the contractors and drone pilots, provide business matchmaking and order scheduling services, and solve the contractor’s management problems with high-quality production chain solutions, is the value proposition that this business plan focuses on. Starting from market scale, competitor analysis and the needs of both parties on the platform, this project uses PEST and Michael Porter's Five Forces Model analysis to discuss the business competition environment, and establishes market segmentation through in-depth field interviews, network externalities to examine subsidy policies, and seeking service differentiation, supplemented by a lean canvas to establish a business model of a production chain service platform. This business plan is expected to expand the platform business in three stages, with a total investment of NTD$12 million in capital, or NTD$6 million in two years respectively. The main expenses are personnel costs, program software/APP platform design, network management and platform subsidies. It is expected to reach breakeven in the third year and the accumulated surplus will be achieved in the fifth year.