災難片的配樂分析與觀眾情緒反應研究

Abstract

本研究探討好萊塢災難片電影配樂在戲劇中的功能，並分析相關閱聽經驗。災難片中主要有兩種情感，其一是災難中的人際情感鍵結（如：生離死別），其二是災難場面所帶來的恐懼及崇高情感。電影配樂可強化閱聽者的情緒感受、增進對於劇中人的同理心，音樂分析結果顯示，人際情感鍵結場景的配樂特徵為：調性穩定、清晰主旋律、音值長的襯底音，災難場景的配樂特徵為：不協和音、細碎短值的背景節奏、節奏強烈的主律動。研究者對26位實驗參與者進行情緒生理量測，發現在欣賞災難片中的主角面臨生命危險時，觀眾心跳速率增加。本研究認為，災難場景不僅可引起緊張害怕情緒，也會因畫面呈現自然奇觀現象帶來崇高感而有正向的興奮情緒，上述情緒可能與心理距離有關。本研究初步勾勒出災難片中的情感元素與配樂功能，並藉由情緒訊號測量，指出電影配樂閱聽行為研究的新方向。

This study analyzed the functions of soundtracks in Hollywood disaster films and the audience’s emotional responses to disastrous scenes. Interpersonal connection scenes and disastrous scenes are two pillars of disaster films. In these scenes, soundtracks enhance audience’s engagement and feelings, as well as increase their empathy toward the characters. Musical analysis revealed that interpersonal connection scenes are usually accompanied by music with a clear tonality, a lyrical melody, and a soft pad. On the other hand, disastrous scenes are usually accompanied by music with dissonant intervals, dense rhythms, and loud foundation. Emotional-physiological data were collected from 26 participants while they were watching disastrous scenes. The results suggest that their heart rate increased when the main characters were in danger. This study advanced our understanding of how soundtracks have been employed in Hollywood disaster films, and offers a new approach for future audience studies in film and video genres.