請用此 Handle URI 來引用此文件:
http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/1117
標題: | 四軸整車轉向幾何與轉向機構之最佳化設計 Optimum Design of Steering Mechanism and Steering Geometry for Four-Axle Whole Vehicle |
作者: | Chung-Hsien Chuang 莊崇賢 |
指導教授: | 劉霆(Tyng Liu) |
關鍵字: | 四軸車輛,轉向機構,多軸轉向,阿克曼轉向幾何,側滑角,粒子群演算法,最佳化設計, Four-axle vehicle,steering mechanism,multi-axle steering,Ackermann steering geometry,slip angle,particle swarm optimization,optimum design, |
出版年 : | 2018 |
學位: | 碩士 |
摘要: | 本研究之目的在於以理想轉向幾何為基準,設計四軸車輛之新型轉向幾何,並探討此轉向幾何以實際轉向機構實現之可行性,此外,也進一步討論轉向機構模組化設計之可能性。首先以運動學與牛頓力學建立包含簡化懸吊模型和Magic Formula輪胎模型之三自由度四軸車輛穩態轉向模型,再以Newton-Raphson數值方法求得穩態力平衡方程式之解,作為後續分析穩態轉向特性之用。接著根據現行車輛轉向機構與實車參數,建立最佳化設計方法,以粒子群演算法進行阿克曼轉向幾何之前雙軸轉向與一二四軸轉向機構設計,證明阿克曼轉向幾何由實際轉向機構實現之可行性。然後以此為基準,提出雙平行和三平行轉向幾何,將其與阿克曼轉向幾何比較,推論出可提高四軸車輛機動性且維持良好輪胎磨耗特性的新型轉向幾何,再以新型轉向幾何為設計目標進行轉向機構設計,並利用四軸車輛穩態轉向模型分析最佳化結果之穩態轉向特性,以及與現行轉向機構進行比較。最後同樣以新型轉向幾何為設計目標,進行轉向機構之模組化設計,分析模組化後所能產生之轉向特性。利用本研究提出之新型轉向幾何與轉向機構之最佳化結果,可對四軸車輛或是其他多軸車輛的轉向特性與轉向機構改良提供一參考基準。 The purpose of this work is to design a new steering geometry of four-axle vehicle based on ideal steering geometry, and study the feasibility to realize the new steering geometry on real steering mechanisms. Besides, this work discusses the possibility of modular design of steering mechanism. First, based on kinematics and Newtonian mechanics, 3-DOF steady-state cornering vehicle models, including the simplified suspension model and Magic Formula tire model, are presented. Then, Newton-Raphson Method is applied to find the numerical solutions of the simultaneous equations of motion. Afterwards, according to the steering mechanisms and the parameters of existing vehicles, this study constructs an optimization problem and uses particle swarm optimization to design Ackermann front-two steering and 1,2,4th steering mechanisms. The results prove the feasibility of applying Ackermann steering geometry on real steering mechanisms. After that, the double parallel and triple parallel steering geometry are proposed and compared with Ackermann steering geometry. Based on the comparison, a new steering geometry which can enhance the mobility of four-axle vehicle and maintain well tire wear is proposed. This work takes the new steering geometry as the optimization objective to design steering mechanism, and use the vehicle models to analyze the cornering characteristics of results. Finally, this work also takes the new steering geometry as the optimization objective to design modular steering mechanisms. The results in this research may serve as development and further research of steering mechanisms. |
URI: | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/1117 |
DOI: | 10.6342/NTU201802785 |
全文授權: | 同意授權(全球公開) |
顯示於系所單位: | 機械工程學系 |
文件中的檔案:
檔案 | 大小 | 格式 | |
---|---|---|---|
ntu-107-1.pdf | 8.73 MB | Adobe PDF | 檢視/開啟 |
系統中的文件,除了特別指名其著作權條款之外,均受到著作權保護,並且保留所有的權利。