企業協助社區健康促進模式建立的可行性探討 ─以宜蘭縣蘇澳鎮聖湖聖愛社區為例

Abstract

中 文 摘 要 背景:伴隨著人口的急速老化，將導致整體社會照護的醫療成本增加與家庭負擔沉重，若能提早採取預防措施如加強社區的健康促進活動，除了可減緩老人各項身心功能退化速度，並可增進生活品質與社會整體的健康。 研究目的:為剖析個案「社區長者健康促進活動」的設計規劃，與相關發展的歷程與關鍵因素，透過理論與實務結合的研究，為社區志工團體經營「長者健康促進活動」建立「永續發展藍圖」的概念，期未來可順利對其他鄉鎮做移轉經營社區「永續發展藍圖」的指導方針。 研究方法:根據日本學者湯淺資之等(2008)，在「有關將社會資本概念導入健康促進活動的檢討」中，引用其所建立的「社會資本對活動與成果的影響」模型觀點，利用個案研究法進行深入研究；個案社區長久以來即與在地企業信大水泥公司往來密切，民國103年起開始籌備社區的健康促進活動計畫起，即定期集會檢討進度，往來頻繁建立起良好的互動默契。 結果:本個案發現一個成功社區個案可以社區志工的既存社會資本，加入企業社會責任(CSR)經營管理資源持續發展。其中重要的是選擇社區與CSR共同興趣的活動，例如在本個案中因為人口老化社區持續有興趣發展健康促進活動。之後的成果是社區高齡者的健康呈現，另外透過社區持續發展(例如志工新血的加入)以及再引進其他再衍生社會資本(例如其他組織的加入)而進一步產生成果的持續，也就是其他健康促進活動的產生。最後本個案社區進一步由CSR協助導入社福制度(即將成立C據點)，在未來得以在前述各組織間建構社區永續的活動發展計畫，將讓社區的健康促進成果得以持續，並營造社區經營的良善循環發展成為未來的發展藍圖。本藍圖為來也可成為其他社區發展或是社會企業的社區發展的參考藍圖。 結論:在地老化是我們政府的政策的目標，透過志工團體做有效率的社區健康促進活動是我們的手段，藉由企業社會責任活動的參與可以活化社區的社會資本是本研究的起點，社區志工能力的培養與積極爭取社會福利制度的資源投注是必須持續努力的過程。最終能讓這些健康促進活動的成果持續是本研究希望達到的目的，我們也嘗試藉由這樣活動的永續經營藍圖的過程，希望未來能推展到台灣其他的各個鄉鎮，達到在地老化活躍老化的目標。

Abstract Background: The rapid ageing population resulted in increased health cost and family caregiving burden in Taiwan. With efficient community-based health promotion and disability prevention strategies, the society may be able to promote community-dwelling older adults’ physical and mental functions as well as their quality of life. The purpose of the study: To analyze the development process and key factors of a 'Community Elderly Health Promotion Activities' case related. Through the combination of theory and practice, the community volunteers will establish the 'sustainable health promotion activities' for the community. In the future, the process and serve as a “blueprints” which will be the foundation for developing “Community Elderly Health Promotion Activities” for other towns and villages in Taiwan. Research methods: This research applied the model of “The impact of social capital on activities and outcomes” in the book of “Review on the introduction of the concept of social capital into health promotion activities” introduced by Japanese scholar Yuasa, et al. (2008). The case community is in Yi-Lan and has been closely related to the local enterprise the Hsingta Cement Company. The company and the community started and built the community's health promotion activities through regular meeting and good mutual interactions together since 2014. RESULTS: This case study identified a successful blueprint for social capital-based model, which can be based on active community volunteers. With further support from the enterprises with Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), the community can further thrive and become self-sustainable in the long-run. The key issue is to select activities that are of common interest to both the community and CSR. For example in this case, the ageing community continues to show great interests in healthy ageing.