二十世紀前半における台湾人の日本語小説語彙――表記と意味分野からの考察

Abstract

本研究選用二十世紀前半，皇民化時期（1937-1945）台灣人寫作的41篇日語小說中的台語詞彙為分析對象。此時期台灣的日本殖民政府不允許人們用母語創作，必須以日語書寫小說。但在這些小說中，出現了很多的台語詞彙，顯得饒有興味。因此本研究從語彙的表記方式與意義分野進行分析。先行研究指出，這些台語語彙具有強調台灣意識的性質。本研究試著提出這些以日語表記的台語語彙，也具有異文化交流的成效。因而本研究透過同化翻譯表記方式、異化翻譯表記方式、同化兼異化翻譯表記方式共3類11型來分析這些語彙的表記特徵。而從異文化交流的觀點出發，在參考了語彙意義分野的研究成果後，透過先行研究的4個分類框架：「台灣的生活、風俗、習慣相關事項」、「人名詞」、「食品名」、「動植物名」，也進一步探究這些台語語彙的意義分野的特徵。 在二十世紀前半台灣人寫作的日語小說中的台語詞彙有多樣的表記方式，其特徵為有同化、異化、同化兼異化多元的表記方式。而台語詞彙意義分野的特徵，則是使用了很多「人名詞」語彙。作家使用台語詞彙的原因，除了包含台灣化的心願外，也可以看到將台灣文化介紹給讀者，具有異文化交流的成效。而這些台語詞彙充實了日語的表記與意義分野的內容，也是台灣人珍貴的文化資產。

This thesis, an analysis of bunch of Taiwanese words in Taiwanese writers’ Japanese novels presented in the first half of the 20th century, which is the Kominka age (1937-1945). This thesis choses 41 Japanese novels to analysis. In this time, to all the Taiwanese writers, Japanese colonial government prohibited writing in mother tongue language to create novel, but commanded them to write in Japanese instead. It is always fascinating that in their Japanese novels, there are lots Taiwanese words. So this thesis researches the Taiwanese vocabulary from orthography（表記） and semantic categories（意味分野）. Researcher has pointed out the Taiwanese vocabulary has expressed Taiwanese identity strongly. This thesis wants to point out the Taiwanese vocabulary also has produced cross culture result. Therefore, this research takes domestication translation orthography（同化翻譯表記）, foreignization translation orthography（異化翻譯表記）and domestication and foreignization translation orthography（同化兼異化翻譯表記）, 3 ways and 11 types, to study the orthography of the Taiwanese vocabulary. Starting from cross culture perspective, and learning from semantic categories studies, this thesis deals with “Taiwanese life, custom and habits”, “person name”, “food name”, “animal and plant name”, 4 kinds totally, to see the semantic categories of the Taiwanese vocabulary. There are many different styles of orthography in the Taiwanese vocabulary in Taiwanese writers’ Japanese novels presented in the first half of the 20th century. It contains domestication, foreignization, domestication and foreignization orthography. And for semantic categories, obviously, have lots of vocabulary in the category of “person name”. We can see the reason why Taiwanese writers use Taiwanese words, not only expressing Taiwanization willing, but also introducing Taiwanese culture to readers. It has the producing result of the cross culture in the Taiwanese vocabulary. The Taiwanese vocabulary has enriched Japanese orthography and semantic categories. It is also the culture treasure of all Taiwanese people.