宜蘭縣無尾港水鳥保護區社區監測的施行與研究

Abstract

本研究承接無尾港促進會所操作之社區鳥類監測，以加拿大社區監測網絡的社區監測模式與架構為理論基礎，採參與式行動研究取徑與質性研究方法收集田野資料，引進空間資訊，與無尾港文教促進會共同調整對無尾港水鳥保護區及其周遭地區的雁鴨科鳥類調查，並藉此探討社區監測的施行、成效、培力與影響。結果顯示，空間資訊的引入，加上表單與儲存平台的修改，可有效地增進鳥類調查所得資訊的品質、提高其在保護區經營管理的貢獻，同時藉由此過程增進了促進會對保護區環境品質的覺知及參與保護經營管理的動能。無尾港促進會能夠持續進行鳥類監測的因素，在於其內部志工的長期自我培力、興趣的醞釀、空間資訊的培力、與經營管理的連結、監測方法與工具的簡化、研究團隊的陪伴與角色扮演。由無尾港文教促進會的個案經驗，可對加拿大的社區監測架構做補充，其應補強以社區為基礎、與被監測的環境資源經營管理權責單位的聯結、以及促進社區培力，並加重協力團隊在社區監測中促進者的角色功能。

Based on the framework of the Canadian Community Monitoring Network, adopting a participatory action research approach and qualitative methods, introducing spatial technique and information, this study cooperated with the Wu-wei-kang culture and education association (WCEA) in order to build up a community-based monitoring scheme focusing on Anatidae birds at Wu-wei-kang waterfowl refuge, and to discuss its implementing, empowerment and effects. The result revealed that the spatial information made by Google Earth, GPS and Aerial photos, and amendment of recording sheet and database, could present distribution of birds, which increased effectively the data quality of bird survey and its role on Wildlife Refuge management. The factors that Wu-wei-kang community-based monitoring could operated sustainably included, the long-term self-empowerment of volunteers, the aspiration of interests and willingness, the financial support of the government, the accompany of the research team and the introduction of new skills and knowledge. The bird monitoring increased volunteers’ environmental awareness and motives to participate management of this refuge. In this study, we learned that strengthening connections with management authority can contribute to the framework of the Canadian Community Monitoring Network, which could enhance local residents’ involving in environmental resource management. Also it should address the role of academics as the facilitator in community monitoring scheme.