以舒茲的遊戲哲學提升運動自主性

Abstract

本研究以伯爾納德·舒茲（Bernard Suits）遊戲哲學的四個概念，將運動情境轉化為具備「遊戲目標、遊戲方法、遊戲規則、遊戲態度」的歷程，提升運動自主性。「遊戲態度」是自願接受規則限制以進行活動。這與自我決定理論(SDT)中強調依自我意願選擇的「自主性」具有高度理論關聯。本研究試圖透過引入舒茲「自願克服非必要障礙」的主要概念，將運動轉化為具內在動機的遊戲行為，進而提升運動的自主性。最後以自我效能、自我調節、自我管理與自我控制，作為是否具有提升效果的檢驗機制。本研究結果能為運動推廣提供管理意涵與實務貢獻。

This study utilizes four concepts from Bernard Suits’ philosophy of games to transform the sports context into a process that includes " lusory goal, lusory method, lusory rule, and lusory attitude ", thereby enhancing autonomy in sport. Lusory attitude refers to the voluntary acceptance of rule constraints to engage in sport. This is theoretically highly relevant to the autonomy emphasized in Self-Determination Theory (SDT). This study attempts to transform sport into intrinsically motivated lusory behavior by introducing Suits' key concept of "playing a game is the voluntary attempt to overcome unnecessary obstacles ", thus enhancing autonomy in sport. Finally, self-efficacy, self-regulation, self-management, and self-control are used as mechanisms to verify the effectiveness of this improvement. The results of this study can provide managerial implications and practical contributions to the promotion of sport.