流亡政權與性別規範的擴散

Abstract

本文探討臺灣不同族群之間性別態度的文化傳遞機制。隨著中國內戰結束後國民黨撤退來臺，政府興建了一系列公共聚落（眷村），以安置大量的外省族群，而外省族群相較當時的臺灣人有較進步的性別意識。本文便使用眷村的精確地理位置，建構在地暴露強度的衡量指標，並發現：當地臺灣居民對於外省社群的暴露程度愈高，其性別相關結果出現顯著轉變，包括女性勞動力參與率上升、生育率下降，以及重男偏好的減弱。

This paper examines the culture transmission of gender attitudes across ethnic groups in Taiwan. Following the Kuomintang’s retreat to Taiwan after the Chinese Civil War, the government constructed a series of public settlements (Juancun) to accommodate the incoming mainland migrants who held more gender-equal views. Using the precise locations of Juancun, I quantify the intensity of local exposure and show that greater exposure to gender-egalitarian migrant communities led to significant shifts in local Taiwanese gender outcomes, including higher female labor force participation, lower fertility and a weakened preference for sons.