桃園地區三級旱災彈性調度供水之政策網絡分析

Abstract

由於近年來桃園地區旱災頻傳而分別有計畫量打折減供、越區調水、休耕等措施，因此執行彈性調度供水策略在乾旱期間就顯得格外重要。本文試圖應用政策網絡理論、利害關係人分析方法與個案相互結合，發現互相依賴的資源及正式或非正式聯繫關係，協助釐清重要利害關係人於三級旱災防救作為的階段性價值信念、資源與動用能力、可獲得之利益，分析利害關係人於打折供水、越區調水、停灌休耕彈性調度策略的網絡互動情形，依各利害關係人擁有之資源與參與彈性調度供水策略的互動表現，將其歸類於合適的網絡類型，建構出現行運作之整體政策網絡，讓政策網絡成員更加瞭解彼此的定位及影響力，採取正確協調方式取得合作共識，俾使執行網絡運作更加和諧、有效率。研究結果發現桃園地區三級旱災彈性調度供水政策網絡，係集結公部門、私部門及半官方機構等相關單位原來即具備的能力、資源，各類政策網絡成員彼此呈現垂直與水平方向資源互賴的交織狀況，核心成員為政策社群及專業網絡，分別負責決策與執行，由府際網絡提供支援；因政策網絡係由公部門一手主導，無法建立正式的對等協商機制，利害關係人會尋求夥伴共同合作，與政策社群進行非正式協商以解決執行困境，以降低乾旱對桃園地區農業、社會及經濟之衝擊。

Droughts frequently occur in recently years in Taoyuan Area, resulting in reducing water supply in allocation management of water resources, inter-district water transfer, and stop irrigation. Implementing water transfer strategy becomes an important issue especially during the drought.Based on the theoretical frameworks of both policy network theory and stakeholder analysis, the research aims to cover the following objectives. To begin with, the interdependence of resources with its formal/informal relationship should be uncovered, with which to acquire such information as people’s belief, the amount available resources with its mobilization capacity, and the available profits. Besides, it is hoped to analyze the interaction among stakeholders when they are involved in activities like reducing water supply in allocation management of water resources, inter-district water transfer, and stop irrigation. Because of this, the members of such a whole policy network would enable themselves to be aware of their place and importance within the interrelated web, thus soaking up a harmonious atmosphere among all members.The result of this research shows that the policy network of water transfer strategy for level three drought critical condition in Taoyuan Area is the fruitful results of many organizations such as public sectors, private sectors, and semi-official agencies (Taoyuan Irrigation Association, Shihmen Irrigation Association and Taiwan Water Corporation). On top of that, owing to the fact that the equal formal consultation mechanism is mainly guided by public sectors, stakeholders are more likely to do informal consultation through the assistance of policy community and collaboration, with a view to decreasing the threats to economy, agriculture, and the whole society posed by the consequence of drought.