應用於水平配向邊緣電場液晶顯示器之二維與三維電極結構設計與模擬研究

Abstract

本論文延續本實驗室於水平邊緣場效應驅動液晶顯示器(Parallel-Aligned Fringe Field Switching, PA-FFS)之研究，運用TechWiz LCD模擬軟體，探討正型液晶材料於二維與三維PA-FFS結構中的液晶分子轉動行為、穿透率與響應時間等光電特性。 在本研究的第一部分中，將PA-DFFS技術應用於二維雙層電極結構，透過上下電極以畫素寬度一半進行偏移排列，並搭配枝幹電極寬度及間距與液晶層厚度之調整，能有效改善虛擬牆導致的暗區問題，提升整體穿透率與灰階均勻性。除結構優化外，本研究亦針對不同正型液晶材料於二維偏移結構中的表現進行分析，透過液晶材料的篩選，找出在低操作電壓條件下，仍能展現極高穿透率的材料，為未來低功耗、高亮度液晶顯示器的發展提供材料基礎。 第二部分則採用邱園竣學長提出的三維樹狀型枝幹電極結構作為基礎，透過改變電極結構，簡化液晶分子的配向過程，使電場能有效驅動液晶分子旋轉，幫助液晶穩定排列，進而形成虛擬牆與發光區域。本研究結合林晉毅學長所提出之PA-DFFS技術，使用雙層電極的同時將上下雙電極進行偏移排列，使虛擬牆結構更為穩定且具對稱性，進一步改善暗區問題並提升穿透率。此外，本論文亦透過調整枝幹電極的寬度與間距，顯著提高穿透率與縮短響應時間，並引入多種正型液晶材料，分析不同材料於三維結構下的光電效能差異。 綜合而言，本論文不僅整合並優化既有之二維與三維雙層電極結構設計，亦系統性探討液晶材料參數對光電性能的影響。研究結果驗證結構與材料間之交互設計可有效提升液晶顯示器之整體性能，對未來液晶顯示技術之發展具有實質參考價值。

This thesis continues our lab’s research on Parallel-Aligned Fringe Field Switching (PA-FFS) LCDs. Using TechWiz LCD simulation software, it investigates the electro-optical properties—such as LC molecular rotation, transmittance, and response time—of positive-type liquid crystals in 2D and 3D PA-FFS structures. In the first part, PA-DFFS is applied to a 2D dual-layer electrode structure with a half-pixel offset between top and bottom electrodes. Adjusting electrode width, spacing, and LC cell gap effectively reduces dark zones caused by virtual walls and improves overall transmittance and grayscale uniformity. Additionally, various positive-type LC materials are evaluated, identifying those with high transmittance under low voltage, which supports the development of low-power, high-brightness displays. The second part builds on a 3D tree-like electrode structure to simplify LC alignment and promote stable virtual wall formation. Combining this with the offset dual-electrode design further stabilizes the field distribution, enhances symmetry, and improves transmittance. By tuning electrode dimensions, both transmittance and response time are optimized. Several LC materials are also compared to assess performance differences under the 3D structure. Overall, this work integrates and refines dual-layer electrode designs in 2D and 3D forms, while systematically examining how LC material parameters affect device performance. Results show that structural and material co-design effectively boosts LCD performance and provides valuable insights for future display technology development.