http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/67 2026-10-03T11:18:43Z 2026-10-03T11:18:43Z 張清惠 Truong Thanh Hue http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/95420 2026-07-22T13:58:24Z 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z

標題: 面向低碳未來的碳捕捉、利用及封存(CCUS)技術: 專利分析見解; Carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) technologies for low carbon future: Insights from patent analysis 作者: 張清惠; Truong Thanh Hue 摘要: 碳捕捉、利用與封存（CCUS）在減少二氧化碳（CO₂）這一主要導致全球變暖和氣候變遷的溫室氣體的排放方面發揮著關鍵作用。石油和天然氣產業作為溫室氣體的重要排放者，對於CCUS技術的部署至關重要。然而，目前缺乏將產業層面與國家層級策略相連結的全面分析。本研究首先從全球背景下考察氣候倡議，提供CCUS技術採用和影響的廣泛視角，以彌補這一差距。隨後，分析聚焦於全球前五大石油和天然氣公司所採取的氣候倡議，特別強調他們在CCUS方面的推進。 從1990年到2023年，全球共記錄了14,299件與CCUS技術相關的專利。其中，目前有效的專利有7,792件，佔總數的近55%。相較之下，有5,708件專利處於無效狀態，約佔總數的40%。分析顯示，中國以6,662件專利領先，美國以2,106件專利緊隨其後，日本則以1,436件專利排名第三。值得注意的是，中國在2023年佔全球CCUS專利的70%以上，成為重要的貢獻者。這一顯著貢獻凸顯了中國將CCUS技術作為其氣候政策和產業戰略的重要部分。 在能源產業範圍內，對五家主要石油公司2000年至2022年的98,730件專利進行分析，結果顯示他們共註冊了871件CCUS相關專利。其中，埃克森美孚(ExxonMobil)以359件專利位居首位，殼牌(Shell)以228件專利位居第二；然而，殼牌有70%的專利處於無效狀態。對這些公司的CCUS計劃的分析也表明，所有五家公司都已策略性地將CCUS融入其業務運營中。他們與第三方排放者建立了合作關係，既作為合作夥伴也作為客戶，並實施了各種減少碳足跡的措施。這些推進涵蓋了一系列CCUS計劃，包括早期研究和開發、大規模試點計劃及商業運營，展示了通過CCUS技術減少碳排放的綜合方法。 另外，值得注意的是，全球主要國家及五家石油公司的主要技術領域為Y02C-0020/40，涉及二氧化碳作為溫室氣體的捕獲和處置。在CCUS技術排名前20的國家中，有16個國家對此技術最為關注，顯示出其在該領域的重要性。這一技術重點反映了主要參與者在開發有效二氧化碳捕集和處理方法方面的共同優先事項，這是強有力的CCUS策略的重要組成部分。 此外，研究結果顯示，2005年《京都議定書》和2015年《巴黎協定》的通過對全球石油公司和國家都產生了影響，但對石油公司的影響不如全球範圍內的影響顯著。值得注意的是，在全球範圍內，《巴黎協定》簽署後，專利件數的成長趨勢顯著加快，儘管面臨COVID-19疫情的挑戰，專利件數仍從2020年的906件急劇增致2023年的2,716件。這一巨大增長表明 CCUS 技術在全球氣候戰略中的緊迫性與必要性。儘管疫情期間經濟受到干擾，但並未阻礙專利活動的加速，這顯示出推進CCUS技術的承諾堅定且具彈性。 這些發現預計將幫助企業從研究中獲得見解，以識別各行業中的潛在合作者或競爭對手，從而適應正在進行的轉型並根據氣候穩定要求評估其行動。政策制定者則可以利用這項研究作為資源，為其國家制定明確的指導方針，協助順利過渡到低碳未來。了解 CCUS 創新的動態使利害關係人能夠有效地將其策略和投資與全球氣候目標結合。這種協調確保他們的努力對減緩氣候變遷和推動永續發展做出決定性貢獻。; Carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) is crucial in mitigating carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions, a primary greenhouse gas that contributes to global warming and climate change. The oil and gas industries, as significant emitters of greenhouse gases, are essential to the deployment of CCUS technologies. However, there is a lack of comprehensive analysis linking industry-level efforts to national-level strategies in combating this issue. This study addresses this gap by first examining climate initiatives in a global context, offering a comprehensive view of the adoption and impact of CCUS technologies worldwide. Subsequently, the analysis focuses on climate initiatives implemented by five major oil and gas corporations, specifically highlighting their efforts in CCUS. At the global level, a total of 14,299 patent publications related to CCUS technologies from 1990 to 2023 were recorded. Of these, 7,792 patents are currently active, representing nearly 55% of the total. In contrast, 5,708 patents are inactive, accounting for approximately 40% of the total. The analysis also shows that China leads with 6,662 patents, followed by the United States with 2,106 patents, and Japan in third place with 1,436 patents. Notably, China stands out as a significant contributor, accounting for more than 70% of global CCUS patents in 2023. This substantial contribution from China highlights its strategic focus on CCUS technologies as part of its broader climate policy and industrial strategy. Analyzing 98,730 patents of the five leading oil firms from 2000 to 2022, the analysis reveals that a total of 871 patents are related to CCUS. ExxonMobil holds the highest number with 359 patents, while the second position is Shell with 228; however, 70% of Shell’s patents are inactive. The examination of the CCUS projects of these companies also reveals that all five have strategically incorporated CCUS into their business practices. They have established collaborations with third-party emitters, serving both as partners and clients, and have launched multiple initiatives aimed at reducing their carbon footprint. These efforts include a wide range of CCUS initiatives, including early-stage research and development, large-scale pilot projects, and commercial operations, demonstrating a comprehensive approach to lowering carbon emissions through CCUS technologies. It is also worth noting that the primary technical field of the leading countries globally as well as the five oil companies is Y02C-0020/40, which deals with the capture and disposal of CO₂ as greenhouse gases. Sixteen out of the top 20 countries in CCUS technology show their highest attention to this technology, underscoring its importance in the field. This technical focus reflects the shared priority among major players to develop effective methods for CO₂ capture and disposal, which are essential components of a robust CCUS strategy. Furthermore, the findings reveal that the adoption of the Kyoto Protocol in 2005 and the Paris Agreement in 2015 have influenced both oil firms and nations globally, while the impact on oil companies is less significant than the worldwide effect. Notably, in the global context, after the Paris Agreement, the trend of patents accelerated substantially, with a sharp increase from 906 in 2020 to 2,716 in 2023, even amid the COVID-19 pandemic. This tremendous growth demonstrates the increasing urgency and necessity of CCUS technologies in global climate strategies. The pandemic period, despite its economic disruptions, did not hinder the acceleration of patent activities, indicating a robust and resilient commitment to advancing CCUS technologies. These findings are expected to help companies gain insights from this study to identify potential collaborators or competitors in their respective industries, thus adjusting to the ongoing transition and evaluating their actions in line with climate stabilization requirements. Policymakers can utilize this research as a resource to develop clear guidelines for the transition of their country to a low-carbon economy. Understanding the dynamics of CCUS innovation enables stakeholders to align their strategies and investments effectively with global climate goals. This alignment ensures that their efforts contribute decisively to mitigating climate change and advancing sustainable development.

2024-01-01T00:00:00Z Diane Marie Dehais 蒂岱安 http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/81742 2026-07-22T13:10:33Z 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z

標題: 非營利組織在都市環境綠化的教育區位：比較大安森林公園和巴黎公園; "NGOs’and community organizations’ role in Urban Environmental Education in green areas, a comparative study between Daan Park and Paris gardens" 作者: Diane Marie Dehais; 蒂岱安 摘要: 摘要擁有高人口密度的城市面臨諸多環境議題的問題，譬如亞洲城市之一的台北。大安森林公園之友基金會在這個城市裡之一的大安森林公園做到了扮演關鍵角色之一的目標。他們仰賴著志工自發性的服務以及教育宣導，附近的民眾及熱心人士對於環境議題的關注程度及對於綠化空間的感受程度不一致。 本論文會比較台北大安森林公園的例子與巴黎的綠化公園例子進行比較，以及對於組織的政策制定及綠化空間議題上面的探討。

2021-01-01T00:00:00Z 張藝薽 Yi-Chen Chang http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/103698 2026-08-19T16:06:14Z 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z

標題: 離岸風電發展下漁民生計調適的多元路徑：以彰化沿近海捕撈漁民為例; Diverse Livelihood Adaptation Pathways under Offshore Wind Development: A Case Study of Coastal and Offshore Fishers in Changhua, Taiwan 作者: 張藝薽; Yi-Chen Chang 摘要: 近年來，離岸風電已成為臺灣能源轉型的重要政策工具，其中彰化外海為離岸風場最集中之區域，亦是能源開發與沿近海漁業互動最密切的場域之一。然而，既有研究多聚焦於海域使用衝突、環境影響評估、漁業補償及治理程序等議題，較少從地方漁民生計角度探討離岸風電發展下實際形成之調適路徑及其限制條件。 本研究以彰化沿近海捕撈漁民為研究對象，採用永續生計取徑（Sustainable Livelihoods Approach, SLA）作為分析架構，透過文件分析、田野觀察及半結構式訪談，探討離岸風電發展過程中地方漁民之生計調適型態、運作方式及參與限制。 研究結果顯示，彰化沿近海漁民之生計調適並非以大規模退出漁業或職業轉換為主，而是以維持既有捕撈活動基礎下的調整為主要模式。整體而言，地方漁民主要形成三種調適路徑：一是在既有漁業體系內透過調整作業海域、漁場選擇或漁法持續從事捕撈活動；二是透過船員訓練及海事培訓，進入新的海事勞動體系；三是戒護船、鯨豚觀察員等工作，在維持捕撈主業下兼營離岸風電相關工作。研究進一步發現，不同調適路徑之可近性並不一致，年齡、船舶條件、技能基礎、證照資格、家庭勞動配置、財務能力及社會網絡等因素，均影響漁民參與不同調適路徑之可能性。 此外，本研究發現，政府及開發商所倡議之海上養殖、海事培訓及相關就業方案，雖提供新的調適選項，但實際參與仍受到資訊取得、制度設計、培訓成本及工作穩定性等因素限制。離岸風電所創造之機會並非所有漁民皆能平等取得，而是受到既有生計資本條件與制度安排共同形塑。因此，離岸風電發展下的漁業生計調適，不宜被理解為單純的職業轉換問題，而應置於地方漁業既有資源壓力、勞動結構與制度環境脈絡中加以理解。本研究指出能源轉型所創造之機會與地方漁民實際可近性之間仍存在落差，並補充離岸風電與漁業互動研究中較少討論之生計調適面向。; Offshore wind power has become a key component of Taiwan’s energy transition, with Changhua’s offshore waters serving as both the country’s primary wind farm development area and an important fishing ground. While previous studies have focused on marine spatial conflicts, fisheries compensation, and governance, relatively little attention has been paid to how local fishers adapt their livelihoods under offshore wind development. This study adopts the Sustainable Livelihoods Approach (SLA) to examine the livelihood adaptation of coastal and offshore capture fishers in Changhua. Using document analysis, field observations, and semi-structured interviews, the study explores fishers’ adaptation strategies and the factors influencing their participation. The findings show that most fishers do not leave the fishing industry but instead adjust their existing livelihoods. Three adaptation pathways are identified: (1) modifying fishing grounds or fishing practices while remaining in the fishery; (2) entering the maritime labor market through crew certification and maritime training; and (3) combining fishing with offshore wind-related work, such as guard vessel operations or marine mammal observer (MMO) services. Access to these pathways varies according to age, vessel conditions, skills, certifications, financial resources, household labor arrangements, and social networks. Although governments and offshore wind developers have introduced initiatives such as maritime training and employment programs, participation remains constrained by institutional design, information access, training costs, and job stability. The study argues that livelihood adaptation should not be understood simply as occupational transition but as a process shaped by existing livelihood assets and institutional contexts. It contributes a livelihood perspective to the growing literature on offshore wind development and fisheries under Taiwan’s energy transition.

2026-01-01T00:00:00Z Nanami Yano Nanami Yano http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/92990 2026-07-22T13:50:54Z 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z

標題: 重新思考連結：全球和國家認同對台灣和日本環保意識的影響; Rethinking the Connection: Influence of Global and National Identity on Pro-Environmentalism in Taiwan and Japan 作者: Nanami Yano; Nanami Yano 摘要: 解決全球環境問題需要深入了解影響環保行為的因素。個人努力固然重要，但實現全球性的集體行動也勢在必行。培養大規模的集體認同感一直備受關注，因為這是培養後代將集體利益置於個人利益之上的策略。然而，由於過去的研究對全球認同和國家認同在影響親環境主義方面的作用結果不一，這種關聯仍不明確；此外，過去的大多數研究忽視了國家認同中民族主義和愛國主義的雙重面貌。此外，該領域的大多數實證研究都是在西方背景下進行的，對亞洲國家的研究不足。本研究探討了全球認同、愛國主義和民族主義在預測台灣和日本大學生親環境信念和行為的相對重要性。相關分析表明，在台灣和日本，全球認同都是親環境主義的最佳預測因素，但台灣的全球認同與親環境主義之間的相關性要比日本強得多。另一方面，愛國主義和民族主義並沒有表現出明顯的對立效應。在台灣，愛國主義有效地預測了親環境主義，而在日本，國家認同變數與親環境主義變數之間沒有一致的相關性。這些結果不僅強調了全球認同的潛在重要性，也揭示了台灣和日本在想像社群影響上的潛在差異。; Tackling global environmental issues requires a deep understanding of the factors influencing pro-environmental behaviors. Individual efforts are crucial, but achieving worldwide collective action is imperative. The cultivation of large-scale collective identity has been drawing attention as a strategy to nurture future generations who prioritize collective benefit over individual interests. However, the association remains unclear, as previous research has shown mixed results on the role of global and national identity in influencing pro-environmentalism; moreover, most previous research overlooks the dual faces of nationalism and patriotism in national identity. Furthermore, the majority of empirical studies in the field have been conducted in Western contexts, leaving Asian nations under-researched. This study investigates the relative importance of global identification, patriotism, and nationalism in predicting pro-environmental beliefs and behaviors among Taiwanese and Japanese university students. The correlational analysis shows that global identification was the best predictor of pro-environmentalism in both Taiwan and Japan, but the correlation between global identification and pro-environmentalism was much stronger in Taiwan than in Japan. On the other hand, patriotism and nationalism showed no clear opposing effects. While patriotism effectively predicts pro-environmentalism in Taiwan, there was no consistent correlation between the national identity variable and pro-environmentalism variables in Japan. These results not only highlight the potential importance of global identification but also reveal the potential differences in the influence of imagined communities in the context of Taiwan and Japan.

2024-01-01T00:00:00Z