比菲德氏菌、乳酸桿菌與阿克曼氏菌對高脂飲食誘導小鼠代謝參數及肝腎功能之影響

Abstract

現代生活型態下的飲食改變，例如高脂飲食與低膳食纖維攝入，是導致肥胖與代謝症候群盛行率上升的主要原因之一。在肥胖與代謝症候群的發病機制中，腸道免疫系統已被視為代謝穩態調控的重要角色。此外，近年來科學家們逐漸發現腸道微生物組在改善代謝症候群與發炎性疾病、提升傳統癌症治療療效等方面具有潛在作用。因此，本研究針對高脂飲食誘導肥胖小鼠，施以三種益生菌（包括兩種傳統益生菌：擬長雙歧桿菌(Bifidobacterium pseudolongum)與約氏乳桿菌(Lactobacillus johnsonii)，以及一種次世代益生菌：阿克曼菌(Akkermansia muciniphila)與益生元進行輔助處理，測量血清葡萄糖、腎功能、肝功能及組織脂質累積等指標。結果顯示，以阿克曼菌與益生元共同處理的小鼠，在所有參數，包括組織脂質累積上均表現出更顯著的改善。我們進一步分析此組別小鼠的腸道菌群，並與對照組比較，以探討改善效果是否與菌群組成變動相關。結果發現，不同處理組間之菌相有顯著差異。總結而言，我們確認益生菌與益生元補充於高脂飲食誘導之損傷中具有正向改善作用，顯示此類補充具備潛在代謝健康益處，可為人類提供福祉。

The increasing prevalence of obesity and metabolic syndrome highlights the need for focusing on identification, implementation, and evaluation of evidence-based interventions to address this problem. There are several underlying factors contribute to the pathogenesis. Dietary changes associated with modern lifestyles, such as highfat diets and low-fiber intake, are key factors contributing to the increasing rates of obesity and metabolic syndrome. There is a huge need to ameliorate the damage caused by dietary changes. The intestinal immune system has emerged as an important regulator of metabolic homeostasis. In recent years, scientists have discovered the potential role of microbiota. They help improve metabolic syndrome, inflammatory disease, enhance the efficacy of traditional cancer therapy, and more. Therefore, in our study, we measured serum glucose, kidney function, liver function, and tissue lipid accumulation in HFD-induced mice treated with three probiotics— including two traditional probiotics, Bifidobacterium pseudolongum and Lactobacillus johnsonii—and one next-generation probiotic, Akkermansia muciniphila, as well as prebiotics. The results showed that the group treated with Akkermansia muciniphila and prebiotics had better improvements in all parameters, including tissue lipid accumulation. We then assessed the gut microbiota of this group and compared it with the control group to determine whether the improvements were related to changes in the microbiota. The results indicated that there were differences between the groups, depending on the treatments they received. In conclusion, we confirm that supplementation with probiotics and prebiotics has beneficial effects on HFD-induced damage, indicating potential metabolic benefits in the human body.