公務員素質對各縣市發展的影響

Abstract

本研究透過蒐集臺灣各縣市公務員起訴與懲戒人數，結合縣市層級的發展指標進行迴歸分析，旨在探討公務員素質對各縣市發展的影響。研究結果顯示，當各縣市受起訴與被付懲戒人數每增加1人，其營利事業銷售額減少504.5億元，售電量下降4.083億度，一般廢棄物產生量下降10.59千噸，顯示公務員違法行為對經濟動能與社會活動產生實質性負面衝擊，亦削弱民眾對政府的信任與社會穩定性。 此外，實證模型亦指出，依序加入與政府政策相關之解釋變數、非政府政策之解釋變數及縣市固定效果後，起訴懲戒人數對營利事業銷售額、售電量及一般廢棄物產生量亦呈現負向顯著影響，雖然控制時間固定效果後，對營利事業銷售額及售電量的影響不顯著，但仍呈現負向影響，對一般廢棄物產生量的影響則持續保持負向顯著。本研究認為，若政府忽視公務員素質與制度改革，恐使地方陷入「低廉政、低發展」的惡性循環。為此，臺灣應建立更完善的反貪腐制度，同時改善公務員待遇與升遷制度，從根本強化政府治理品質，實現永續發展與社會公平。

This study collects data on the number of prosecuted and disciplined public servants across various counties and cities in Taiwan and integrates this with regional development indicators to conduct a regression analysis. The aim is to explore how the quality of civil servants influences local economic and social development. The findings reveal that for each additional indicted or disciplined civil servant, the value of business sales decreases by NT$50.45 billion, electricity consumption declines by 408.3 million kWh, and general waste generation drops by 10.59 thousand metric tons. These findings indicate that misconduct among civil servants has a tangible negative impact on economic vitality and social activity, and undermines public trust in government and social stability. Furthermore, the empirical model shows that, even after sequentially incorporating government-related policy variables, non-government variables, and county fixed effects, the number of indicted or disciplined civil servants remains significantly and negatively associated with business sales, electricity consumption, and general waste generation. Although the effects on business sales and electricity usage become statistically insignificant after controlling for time fixed effects, the directions of influence remain negative. The negative and significant effect on general waste generation persists. This study argues that if the government neglects the quality of its civil service and institutional reforms, localities may fall into a vicious cycle of “low integrity, low development.” To prevent this, Taiwan must establish a more robust anti-corruption framework while improving civil servant compensation and promotion systems, thereby strengthening the quality of governance at its roots to achieve sustainable development and social equity.