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| DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
|---|---|---|
| dc.contributor.advisor | 王尚禮 | zh_TW |
| dc.contributor.advisor | SHAN-LI WANG | en |
| dc.contributor.author | 鄭旻兒 | zh_TW |
| dc.contributor.author | Min-Erh Cheng | en |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2025-08-01T16:08:10Z | - |
| dc.date.available | 2025-08-02 | - |
| dc.date.copyright | 2025-08-01 | - |
| dc.date.issued | 2025 | - |
| dc.date.submitted | 2025-07-28 | - |
| dc.identifier.citation | Ahmed, M., Rauf, M., Akhtar, M., Mukhtar, Z., & Saeed, N. A. (2020). Hazards of nitrogen fertilizers and ways to reduce nitrate accumulation in crop plants. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 27(15), 17661-17670.
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| dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/98301 | - |
| dc.description.abstract | 氧化亞氮(N₂O)是一種強效的溫室氣體，主要來自農業系統中氮肥施用後土壤硝化與反硝化作用所產生的排放。為提升氮肥利用效率並減緩溫室氣體排放，生物炭與硝化抑制劑(nitrification inhibitors, NIs)被廣泛研究，但兩者交互作用的影響仍不明確。本研究透過兩項盆栽試驗，探討生物炭與硝化抑制劑對稻作與麥作期間土壤 N₂O 排放通量的影響。第一項試驗為水稻盆栽實驗，分別在湛水與排水兩種水分管理條件下，設計三種處理：僅施用氮肥、施用氮料與生物炭、以及施用肥料、生物炭與硝化抑制劑；第二項試驗則為小麥盆栽實驗，處理包含不同生物炭施用量與硝化抑制劑的組合。分析在實驗週期中的土壤氮物種(NO2--N, NO3--N and NH4+-N)、溫室氣體(CO2, CH4 and N2O)通量及氮功能性基因(AOA amoA, AOB amoA, nirS and nirK)。研究結果表明，生物炭與硝化抑制劑對氮物種轉化及 N₂O 排放的影響，受到水分管理條件顯著影響。在稻作湛水條件下，單獨施用生物炭會促進後期硝化作用，可能導致 N₂O 排放增加；然而結合硝化抑制劑使用，則有效抑制硝酸鹽累積。相較之下，在排水條件，施用生物炭顯著降低 N₂O 排放並抑制硝酸鹽累積。於小麥盆栽實驗中，較高劑量的生物炭施用會延緩硝化作用並降低初期 N₂O 排放，且與硝化抑制劑呈現協同作用，有效減少氮損失。功能性基因分析亦顯示，生物炭與硝化抑制劑對微生物群落具有不同影響：生物炭可提升硝化菌豐度，而硝化抑制劑則抑制其活性。本研究強調生物炭、硝化抑制劑與水分管理之間的複雜交互關係，並指出透過優化生物炭的施用策略，可有效提升氮的滯留、減緩溫室氣體排放，進而促進農業永續發展。 | zh_TW |
| dc.description.abstract | Nitrous oxide (N₂O) is a potent greenhouse gas primarily emitted from agricultural systems duo to soil nitrification and denitrification processes with nitrogen fertilizers. To enhance nitrogen use efficiency and mitigate greenhouse gas emissions, biochars and nitrification inhibitors (NIs) have been explored, yet their combined effects remain unclear. This study investigates their influence on soil N₂O fluxes during rice and wheat cultivation through two pot experiments: a rice-cultivation experiment under flooded and drained conditions with the treatments of fertilizer alone, fertilizer with biochar, and fertilizer with biochar and NIs; a wheat-cultivation experiment under dryland conditions with varying biochar application rates and NI combinations. Soil nitrogen speciation, greenhouse gas fluxes, and functional microbial genes were analyzed. The results indicate that biochar and NIs influence nitrogen transformations and emissions differently across water management conditions. Under flooded conditions during rice cultivation, biochar alone promoted late-stage nitrification, potentially leading to increased N₂O emissions, while the combination of biochar and Nis effectively suppressed nitrate accumulation. Comparatively, under drained conditions, biochar application significantly reduced N₂O emissions and suppressed nitrate accumulation. In the wheat-cultivation experiment, higher biochar application rates delayed nitrification and reduced early-stage N₂O emissions while showing a synergistic effect with NIs in limiting nitrogen losses. Functional gene analysis revealed that biochar and NIs affected microbial communities differently, with biochar enhancing nitrifier abundance while NIs suppressed their activity. These findings highlight the complex interactions between biochar, NIs, and water management, suggesting that optimized biochar application can enhance nitrogen retention and mitigate greenhouse gas emissions, contributing to sustainable agricultural practices. | en |
| dc.description.provenance | Submitted by admin ntu (admin@lib.ntu.edu.tw) on 2025-08-01T16:08:10Z No. of bitstreams: 0 | en |
| dc.description.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2025-08-01T16:08:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 | en |
| dc.description.tableofcontents | 誌謝 i
摘要 ii Abstract iii 目次 v 圖次 vii 表次 ix 前言 x 第一章 文獻回顧 1 1. 研究背景 1 1.1 全球暖化 1 1.2 農業活動與溫室氣體之關聯 1 1.3 乾溼輪灌 2 2. 生物炭 4 3. 氮對植物的重要性 7 4. 氮循環 10 5. 氮轉化 23 4.2 硝化作用 16 4.3 反硝化作用 17 6. 硝化抑制劑 19 第二章 材料與方法 21 1. 土壤性質 21 2. 盆栽實驗 21 2.1 水稻盆栽實驗 21 2.2 小麥盆栽實驗 22 2.3 土壤採樣與溫室氣體測量 23 3. 土壤化學分析 24 3.1 總碳(TC)和總氮(TN) 24 3.2 可水解氮(Hyd-N) 24 3.3 銨態氮(NH4+-N) 24 4. 溫室氣體通量測量 26 5. 土壤微生物分析 27 5.1 土壤DNA萃取 27 5.2 即時定量PCR(qPCR) 27 6. 數據處理 28 第三章 結果與討論 30 1. 水稻盆栽實驗 30 1.1 水分管理與添加劑對土壤氮物種轉化之影響 30 1.2 水分管理與添加劑對土壤性質之影響 33 1.3 水分管理與添加劑對溫室氣體排放之影響 35 1.4 水分管理與添加劑對氮功能性基因之影響 38 1.5 段落總結 45 2. 小麥盆栽實驗 46 2.1 不同劑量生物炭與硝化抑制劑對土壤氮物種轉化之影響 46 2.2 不同劑量生物炭與硝化抑制劑對土壤性質之影響 49 2.3 不同劑量生物炭與硝化抑制劑對溫室氣體排放之影響 51 2.4 不同劑量生物炭與硝化抑制劑對氮功能性基因之影響 54 第四章 結論 59 參考文獻 60 | - |
| dc.language.iso | zh_TW | - |
| dc.subject | 生物炭 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 氧化亞氮 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 氮循環 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 硝化抑制劑 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 氮功能性基因 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | microbial | en |
| dc.subject | Nitrous oxide | en |
| dc.subject | functional genes | en |
| dc.subject | nitrification inhibitors | en |
| dc.subject | biochar | en |
| dc.subject | nitrogen cycling | en |
| dc.title | 添加生物炭和硝化抑制劑對土壤氮物種轉化和溫室氣體排放之影響 | zh_TW |
| dc.title | Effects of Biochar and Nitrification Inhibitor Addition on Nitrogen Transformation and Greenhouse Gas Emissions of Soil | en |
| dc.type | Thesis | - |
| dc.date.schoolyear | 113-2 | - |
| dc.description.degree | 碩士 | - |
| dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 羅凱尹;劉啟德;蕭友晉;高培慈 | zh_TW |
| dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | KAI-YIN LO;CHI-TE LIU;YO-JIN SHIAU;Pei-Tzu Kao | en |
| dc.subject.keyword | 氧化亞氮,生物炭,硝化抑制劑,氮循環,氮功能性基因, | zh_TW |
| dc.subject.keyword | Nitrous oxide,nitrogen cycling,biochar,nitrification inhibitors,microbial,functional genes, | en |
| dc.relation.page | 81 | - |
| dc.identifier.doi | 10.6342/NTU202501780 | - |
| dc.rights.note | 未授權 | - |
| dc.date.accepted | 2025-07-30 | - |
| dc.contributor.author-college | 生物資源暨農學院 | - |
| dc.contributor.author-dept | 農業化學系 | - |
| dc.date.embargo-lift | N/A | - |
| 顯示於系所單位： | 農業化學系 | |
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