壓力影響咖啡因使用之實證研究

Abstract

本研究探討壓力對咖啡因使用行為之影響，涵蓋咖啡因使用量、依賴程度、與酒精交錯使用行為，以及咖啡因消費金額與可支配所得佔比。共回收 451 份有效問卷，內容涵蓋壓力程度、壓力應對策略、咖啡因與酒精使用情形及社會經濟變數。研究採用次序羅吉斯與區間迴歸模型進行實證分析，並透過邊際效果估計行為機率與消費強度變化。 實證結果顯示，壓力程度與咖啡因使用量之間具顯著正向關係，壓力提升時，個體更傾向增加日常攝取量。依賴程度亦受到壓力與應對策略雙重影響，顯示即使具備調適能力，個體仍可能仰賴咖啡因以維持功能狀態，呈現潛在依賴性。在交錯使用方面，高壓力個體常於白天攝取咖啡因以維持清醒，夜間飲酒以放鬆助眠，呈現補償性循環之節律行為。該模式主要由壓力程度與生活節奏所驅動，於壓力負荷較高族群中特別明顯，社會經濟變數則無顯著影響。 消費層面顯示，雖壓力提升與使用頻率及依賴傾向呈正向關聯，但對實際支出與所得佔比的影響有限，行為強度與經濟負擔之間未必一致。相較之下，可支配所得與教育程度對支出水準與佔比具較大影響，可能反映消費偏好與健康意識之差異。基於此結果，政策設計上不宜僅以金錢支出衡量咖啡因依賴程度，亦應納入使用動機與頻率等非金錢面向，以提升相關管理與預防措施的精準度與實務效益。

This study examines the impact of stress on caffeine-related behaviors, including consumption volume, dependence, co-use with alcohol, and spending relative to disposable income. Data were collected from 451 valid questionnaires, covering stress levels, coping strategies, caffeine and alcohol use, and socioeconomic characteristics. Ordered logistic and interval regression models were applied, with marginal effects used to estimate behavioral probabilities and consumption intensity. Results indicate a significant positive relationship between stress and caffeine intake; individuals experiencing higher stress tend to consume more caffeine. Dependence is also shaped by both stress and coping strategies, suggesting that even those with adaptive capacity may rely on caffeine for functional regulation under pressure. Co-use behaviors follow a compensatory circadian pattern—caffeine for daytime alertness and alcohol for nighttime relaxation—particularly among high-stress individuals. This pattern appears driven more by psychological and lifestyle factors than by demographic or socioeconomic variables. While stress increases use frequency and dependence tendencies, its effect on actual spending and income share is limited, implying a disconnect between behavioral intensity and economic burden. In contrast, income and education levels show stronger associations with caffeine expenditure, likely reflecting differences in consumption preferences and health awareness. These findings suggest that policy and intervention strategies should not rely solely on financial indicators to assess caffeine dependence but should also consider non-monetary factors such as usage motives and frequency to enhance the precision and effectiveness of health management efforts.