基於臺灣建築結構監測資料之非結構構件加速度耐震需求研究

Abstract

普遍結構設計進行耐震性能評估時，著重結構主體而忽略非結構構件，然而有研究指出，非結構構件在總建築成本中佔比超過結構體本身。若僅考慮結構安全，仍可能面臨重大非結構性損失，故有必要檢核國內現行建築耐震設計規範是否充分反應非結構構件的加速度耐震需求。本研究參考ASCE 7-16與ASCE 7-22第13章的修訂以及NIST.GCR.18-917-43報告之研究方法，針對臺灣建築物耐震設計規範第四章中影響非結構構件加速度需求的兩項參數給予修訂建議，分別為樓高放大係數與構件共振放大係數。ASCE 規範修訂此兩項參數時使用的資料並非來自臺灣地區，若參考ASCE規範之修訂，應考量於臺灣地區的適用性，故本研究主要目的旨在使用臺灣地區建築結構監測資料，提出非結構構件兩項放大係數的建議計算方法。本研究使用之監測資料記錄臺灣地區22棟鋼筋混凝土建築由西元1992年至2016年發生的地震。ASCE 7-22將建築物基本振動週期納入非結構構件最小設計總橫力計算，故建築物基本振動週期對非結構構件設計力之影響亦為本研究之目標。本研究比較兩種常用識別建築物振動週期的方法，包括傳遞函數與快速傅立葉轉換，並與監測系統量測之加速度記錄對應的樓版反應譜特徵進行比對，以確認週期識別的可靠度。

Conventional seimic performance evaluations in structural design predominantly focus on the structural system while often neglecting nonstructural components. However, studies have indicated that the cost of nonstructural components can exceed that of the structural system. Consequently, even if structural integrity is ensured, substantial losses may still arise from nonstructural damage. It is therefore necessary to examine whether the current seismic design provisions in Taiwan adequately address the acceleration demands of nonstructural components. This study investigates two key factors influencing the seismic acceleration demands of nonstructural components: the height amplification effect and the resonance amplification effect. Referring to the revisions presented in Chapter 13 of ASCE 7-16 and ASCE 7-22, as well as the methodology in the NIST.GCR.18-917-43 report, this research proposes modifications to two parameters related to Chapter 4 of Taiwan’s seismic design code. The amplification factors adopted in the ASCE standards are based on datasets not derived from buildings in Taiwan. Therefore, their applicability to Taiwanese conditions must be critically assessed. The primary objective of this study is to utilize building structural monitoring data from Taiwan to develop recommended calculation methods for the two amplification factors associated with nonstructural components. The dataset used in this study includes seismic monitoring records from 22 reinforced concrete buildings in Taiwan, covering earthquake events from 1992 to 2016. ASCE 7-22 incorporates the fundamental period of the structure into the calculation of the minimum design lateral force for nonstructural components. As such, the influence of the fundamental period on the seismic design force of nonstructural components is also a focus of this research. This study compares two commonly used methods for identifying the fundamental period of structures: the transfer function method and the fast Fourier transform (FFT) method. The results are further validated by comparing the identified periods with the characteristics of floor response spectra obtained from acceleration records. This comparison serves to verify the reliability of the period identification approaches.