建築循環度評估研究：材料循環度指標之 擴充發展及臺灣案例驗證

Abstract

循環經濟的概念主張材料或產品的再利用與再生，是解決建築產業所面臨環境挑戰的關鍵方案。此概念如何協助建築部門邁向永續，已成為利害關係人關注的重要課題。Ellen MacArthur基金會所提出的「材料循環指標」（Material Circularity Indicator, MCI）已被用於評估建築的循環性，但其應用仍不夠全面。本文回顧現有建築領域中關於MCI的文獻，並提出一套加強版評估架構——「建築循環性強化指標」（Enhanced Building Circularity Indicator, EBCI），以彌補其侷限性。EBCI納入了許多常被忽略的要素，例如輕量化設計、回收程度、模組化程度，以及全生命週期的觀點。 本研究以台灣首個循環住宅專案——台糖循環聚落（Taisugar Circular Village, TCV）為案例進行實證測試。該案整合了循環建材、模組化設計及產品即服務（Product-as-a-Service）等循環經濟策略。結果顯示，EBCI能有效評估從材料、產品、系統到建築層級的循環性，並凸顯回收程度、模組化與使用壽命延長對提升建築循環性的重要性。此外，研究發現不同的標準化因子（如質量與經濟價值）對評估結果有顯著影響；而納入整修次數（RTs）對評分的影響有限，顯示該因子對整體評估的增益不大。EBCI提供了一套全面且具適應性的建築循環性評估方法，為政策制定者與產業利害關係人推動永續建築實踐提供寶貴的洞見。

The concept of circular economy, which promotes the reuse and regeneration of materials or products, is a key solution to the environmental challenges posed by the building industry. How this concept can facilitate the building sector's transition to sustainability has become a critical question for stakeholders. The Ellen MacArthur Foundation's “Material Circularity Indicator” (MCI) has been adopted to evaluate building circularity, but its application lacks comprehensiveness. This study reviews existing literature on MCI for buildings and proposes an enhanced framework, the “Enhanced Building Circularity Indicator (EBCI),” to address these limitations. The EBCI incorporates often overlooked factors such as lightweight design, recycling levels, modularity, and a whole lifecycle perspective. The framework is tested through Taiwan's Taisugar Circular Village (TCV), the country's first circular housing project, which integrates circular economy strategies, including circular materials, modular design, and Product-as-a-Service business models. Results show that the EBCI effectively assesses building circularity across material, product, system, and building levels, highlighting the importance of recycling levels, modularity, and lifespan extension in improving circularity. The study also discovers that different normalization factors (mass vs. economic value) significantly impact the results. Including renovation times (RTs) in the assessment leads to minimal differences in circularity scores, suggesting limited additional value for this factor. The EBCI provides a comprehensive and adaptable approach to assessing building circularity, offering valuable insights for policymakers and industry stakeholders seeking to promote sustainable building practices.