流行文化中的民族主義抗爭：泰國BL劇臺灣粉絲字幕社群

Abstract

本研究旨在探討跨國傳播下，在地粉絲譯者參與字幕翻譯的認同動機及其翻譯產製過程。泰國BL劇近年來在臺灣蔚為風靡，臺灣觀眾早期主要依賴中國字幕組提供的翻譯。然而，2020年爆發的「中泰大戰」，引發了臺灣粉絲對中國字幕和粉絲文化的不滿，促使臺灣自發形成翻譯社群。這些臺灣譯者透過與泰國製作公司合作，並利用影音平台YouTube，為泰國BL劇提供「正版」繁體中文字幕。 本研究首先回顧流行民族主義，分析全球流行文化下的各地粉絲如何在同樣的跨國文化消費中，以在地化詮釋與數位動員來彰顯並鞏固自身的民族身份認同。接著，檢視 BL 文化的跨國傳播歷程，最後回顧粉絲字幕組的發展歷史與相關研究，為本研究奠定理論基礎，並據此建構研究架構。 本研究採取質性研究方法，對六名粉絲譯者進行深度訪談，並透過行動事件或制度、受訪者的個人生活世界、受訪者所處的社會環境，以及研究者自身的生活世界等四個層次，對訪談內容進行分析，藉此理解粉絲譯者投入字幕翻譯的動機。 在過往研究的基礎上，本研究將粉絲譯者的翻譯認同類型歸納為「在地文化認同」與「文本認同」兩種類型，並發現不同認同類型在翻譯過程中所採取的策略存在差異。此外，研究結果顯示，受訪者生命史中不同的跨文化消費經驗，對其認同的形成及後續翻譯策略具有重要影響。 綜合研究結果，本研究發現，在臺灣的社會脈絡下，粉絲投入跨國文本的翻譯行動已不僅僅源自對跨國文本的熱愛，更受到社會文化與政治環境的影響，顯示粉絲翻譯行動在跨國文化傳播與在地文化與民族認同建構中的雙重角色。

This study aims to explore the identity-driven motivations and production processes involved when local fan-translators engage in subtitling under the context of transnational media circulation. In recent years, Thai BL (Boys' Love) dramas have become highly popular in Taiwan. Initially, Taiwanese audiences predominantly relied on translations provided by Chinese fan-subtitle groups. However, the 2020 "Milk Tea Alliance" incident triggered significant dissatisfaction among Taiwanese fans toward Chinese subtitles and fan culture, leading to the spontaneous formation of Taiwanese translation communities. These Taiwanese fan-translators began collaborating directly with Thai production companies and utilized YouTube to provide authorized traditional Chinese subtitles for Thai BL dramas. This research begins by reviewing the concept of pop nationalism, analyzing how fans around the world use localized interpretations and digital mobilization within global pop culture consumption to assert and reinforce their national identities. Subsequently, the study examines the transnational dissemination of BL culture, followed by an overview of the historical development and existing research related to fan-subtitle groups, thus establishing a theoretical foundation and research framework. Employing qualitative research methods, this study conducted in-depth interviews with six fan-translators. The analysis of interview content was performed through four analytical levels: events or institutional actions, individual life-worlds of the interviewees, their social contexts, and the researcher’s personal life-world. This approach aimed to comprehensively understand the motivations driving fan-translators' engagement in subtitling activities. Building upon previous studies, this research categorizes fan-translators' identification into two main types: "local cultural identity" and "textual identity," revealing differences in translation strategies adopted according to these identity categories. Moreover, findings indicate that interviewees' varied cross-cultural consumption experiences significantly influenced their identity formation and subsequent translation strategies.

In conclusion, this study reveals that within Taiwan’s unique social context, fans' engagement in translating transnational media texts is driven not merely by their enthusiasm for the content but also significantly shaped by sociocultural and political contexts. This demonstrates the dual role played by fan-subtitling activities in facilitating both transnational media circulation and the construction of local cultural and national identities.