A紙業集團低碳發展戰略研究

Abstract

全球氣候變化已經成為人類社會需要積極面對的重大現實問題。減少“碳源”與增加“碳匯”是降低大氣中溫室氣體的兩大手段。大陸明確提出將力爭在2030年前實現碳達峰、2060年前實現碳中和，並製訂了一系列政策推動各行各業低碳綠色轉型。造紙業是重點資源和能源高消耗行業，系納入碳排放權交易市場的八大行業之一。實現雙碳戰略目標對造紙行業既是挑戰也是機遇，需要結合自身條件，選擇適合的綠色低碳發展路徑。A集團是製漿造紙業的龍頭企業，在大陸多省斥鉅資佈局具有世界領先水準的大型漿紙業企業，年消耗566萬噸標準煤，碳排放量達1,000萬噸。A集團一直追尋著低碳轉型，製定了“2030年碳達峰、2050年碳中和”的低碳發展目標。要實現這樣的目標還需要更多的技術方案與論證，對整個行業的低碳發展都具有示範引領作用。 為實現低碳發展，A紙業集團在實施“低碳”與“林漿紙一體化”戰略佈局，還需要加強低碳領域的科研投入，培養和引進一批具有國際視野和創新能力的低碳科研人才，為行業的低碳發展提供強有力的科技。通過國家政策的支持、生態補償機製的建立、碳排放權交易市場的完善以及企業的技術改造等措施的綜合應用，可以有效推動A紙業集團實現低碳轉型，建立以A紙業集團為試點開展低碳生產模式的創新，為行業樹立標杆，促進整個造紙行業的低碳發展。 本文基於低碳發展、戰略管理和碳排放核算標準等理論，運用戰略分析工具，具體研究了A紙業集團發展現狀及低碳約束、能源減碳、林業碳匯及未來低碳改進路徑等五個方面的內容。研究表明：1.A造紙集團涉及工廠眾多，要實現低碳管理，需要建立完善的碳管理體系、碳排放資訊管理平臺、碳排放管理的支援服務體系、碳資產管理體系；2.以A紙業集團G造紙工廠為例，在低碳路徑選擇上，通過優化能源結構、優化原料與產品結構、引進減碳新技術、優化管理等手段，能夠實現造紙工廠生產過程中的綠色低碳發展；3.通過運輸過程的優化、協力廠商綠色物流的合作、新能源技術的使用，能夠實現造紙工廠供應鏈上的低碳發展；4.以A紙業集團廣東林業基地為例，在林業增匯路徑選擇上，需要通過對樹種、種植區域、種植技術、災害應急等方面進行管理，實現林業碳儲量的增加；5.未來通過數位化賦能對能源、物流與林業進行精益化管理，實現能源消耗、耗能參數即時採集、倉儲資料資訊技術、林業遠端天地空一體化系統管理，實現造紙行業的低碳可持續發展。

Global climate change has become a major reality that human society needs to actively face. Reducing "carbon sources" and increasing "carbon sinks" are two major means of reducing greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. China has made the announcement that it aims to peak carbon dioxide emissions before 2030 and achieve carbon neutrality before 2060., and has formulated a series of policies to promote low-carbon and green transformation in various industries. The paper industry is a key resource and energy-consuming industry, and is one of the eight major industries included in the carbon emissions trading market. Achieving the goal of dual-carbon strategy is both a challenge and an opportunity for the paper industry, which needs to combine its own conditions and choose a suitable path of green and low-carbon development. group A is a leading enterprise in the pulp and paper industry, and has invested heavily in the layout of large-scale pulp and paper enterprises with world-leading level in many provinces in mainland China, which consumes 5.66 million tonnes of standard coal per annum and emits 10 million tonnes of carbon emissions. group A has always been in pursuit of low-carbon transformation, and has formulated a low-carbon development goal of "reaching peak carbon by 2030 and carbon neutrality by 2050". More technical solutions and demonstrations are needed to achieve such a goal, which will have a leading role in the low-carbon development of the whole industry. In order to achieve low-carbon development, Paper Group A, in implementing the strategic layout of "low carbon" and "forest-pulp-paper integration", needs to strengthen the investment in scientific research in the field of low-carbon, and cultivate and introduce a number of low-carbon scientific research talents with an international vision and innovation ability to provide strong scientific and technological know-how for the industry's low-carbon development. It is also necessary to strengthen investment in scientific research in the low-carbon field, train and introduce a group of low-carbon scientific research talents with international vision and innovation ability, so as to provide strong technology for the low-carbon development of the industry. Through the support of national policies, the establishment of ecological compensation mechanisms, the improvement of the carbon emissions trading market and the technological transformation of enterprises and other measures, we can effectively promote the low-carbon transformation of A Paper Group, establish A Paper Group as a pilot to carry out the innovation of low-carbon production mode, set up a benchmark for the industry, and promote the low-carbon development of the entire paper industry. This paper is based on the theory of low carbon development, strategic management and carbon emission accounting standards, the use of strategic analysis tools, specifically studied the development status of A Paper Group and low carbon constraints, energy carbon reduction, forestry carbon sinks and the future of low carbon improvement path and other five aspects. The study shows that: 1. A Paper Group involves a large number of factories, and in order to achieve low-carbon management, it is necessary to establish a perfect carbon management system, a carbon emission information management platform, a carbon emission management support service system, and a carbon asset management system; 2. Taking the G Paper Factory of A Paper Group as an example, In terms of low-carbon path selection, through optimizing energy structure, optimizing raw material and product structure, introducing new carbon-reducing technologies, optimizing management and other means, the green and low-carbon development of the production process of paper mills can be realized; 3. through optimizing the transport process, cooperation in third-party green logistics, and the use of new energy technologies, the low-carbon development of the supply chain of paper mills can be realized; 4. taking Paper Group A's Guangdong Forestry Base as an example, in the selection of the path of forestry sinks enhancement; 5. In the future, through digital empowerment of energy, logistics and forestry lean management, energy consumption, real-time collection of energy-consuming parameters, information technology of warehousing data, and integrated system management of forestry remote heaven, earth, and space, to achieve low-carbon sustainable development of the paper industry.