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| DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
|---|---|---|
| dc.contributor.advisor | 童心欣 | zh_TW |
| dc.contributor.advisor | Hsin-Hsin Tung | en |
| dc.contributor.author | 張育綺 | zh_TW |
| dc.contributor.author | Yu-Qi Chang | en |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2025-02-21T16:20:21Z | - |
| dc.date.available | 2025-02-22 | - |
| dc.date.copyright | 2025-02-21 | - |
| dc.date.issued | 2024 | - |
| dc.date.submitted | 2024-12-26 | - |
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| dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/96740 | - |
| dc.description.abstract | 抗生素濫用引發的抗藥性問題對人類健康及環境構成重大威脅，抗藥性細菌和抗藥性基因（Antibiotic Resistance Genes, ARGs）的增長已成為全球公共衛生的挑戰。本研究首先聚焦新北市淡水區污水環境，分析多種目標ARGs的時空分布與變化，特別關注污水下水道與都市污水處理廠的熱點區域。結果顯示，sul1、tetA、tetX及整合酶基因intl1在污水中呈現時間與地點的一致性變化，並在污水處理廠中富集。且鄰近醫院排放點（S1）中，醫院後線用抗生素mcr-1與vanA基因濃度偏高，突顯醫療污水排放對特定ARGs的影響。接著進一步以污水流行病學方法（Wastewater-Based Epidemiology, WBE），評估16S rRNA與糞便生物標記在ARGs監測中的標準化表現。結果表明，糞便生物標記能有效克服由非人類貢獻所引起的細菌總數波動，具備更高的穩定性與準確性，並揭示ARGs與人類活動的關聯。為解決醫療污水中ARGs的處理問題，本研究探討了臭氧微奈米氣泡技術結合生物膜載體系統的應用。結果顯示，臭氧微奈米氣泡技術能有效降低污水中ARGs濃度，並在載體生物膜中達到0.5至2.3 log的ARGs抑制效果。儘管不同載體材料對生物膜中ARGs的影響無顯著性差異，但菌相分析結果顯示，臭氧處理能提升微生物多樣性，卻同時提高潛在致病菌（如鮑氏不動桿菌Acinetobacter baumannii）比例，證實臭氧微奈米氣泡技術在控制ARGs方面的應用潛力，但也強調需進一步評估其長期環境影響與安全性。從數據分析結果顯示，COVID-19病例數與ARGs豐度間存在遲滯相關性，尤其在鄰近醫院排放點（S1）的ARGs相對人口豐度的變化情況較早出現，顯示醫療污水排放可能反映人口抗藥性風險的早期變化趨勢。整體而言，本研究為國內抗生素抗藥性監測與標準化方法的建立提供科學依據，並為未來抗藥性基因管控策略的制定與公共衛生保護措施的推動提供支援。 | zh_TW |
| dc.description.abstract | The overuse of antibiotics has led to the growing issue of antibiotic resistance, posing significant threats to human health and the environment. The rise of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and resistance genes (ARGs) has become a critical global public health concern. This study analyzes the spatiotemporal distribution of target ARGs in the wastewater environment of Tamsui District, with a focus on hotspots in sewer systems and urban wastewater treatment plants. The results show consistent temporal and spatial variations in the concentrations of sul1, tetA, tetX, and integrase gene intl1, which accumulate in wastewater treatment plants. Higher concentrations of hospital-specific ARGs, including mcr-1 and vanA, were found near hospital discharge points (S1), highlighting the impact of medical wastewater.
The study also applied Wastewater-Based Epidemiology (WBE) methods to assess the performance of 16S rRNA and fecal biomarkers in ARG monitoring. Fecal biomarkers were found to offer greater stability and accuracy, effectively addressing bacterial fluctuations caused by non-human contributions and revealing correlations between ARGs and human activities. To address the treatment of ARGs in medical wastewater, the study explored ozone micro-nano bubble technology combined with a biofilm carrier system. The results showed that ozone micro-nano bubble effectively reduced ARG concentrations, achieving 0.5 to 2.3 log reductions. While there was no significant difference in the impact of various carrier materials on ARGs in biofilms, microbial analysis revealed an increase in microbial diversity, alongside a higher proportion of potential pathogens (e.g., Acinetobacter baumannii) under ozone treatment. This highlights ozone micro-nano bubble' potential for ARG control, but further assessment of long-term environmental impact is needed. Finally, the study identified a lag correlation between COVID-19 case numbers and ARG abundance, indicating that medical wastewater could reflect early trends in antibiotic resistance risks. This research provides key insights for domestic ARG monitoring and supports the development of control strategies and public health measures. | en |
| dc.description.provenance | Submitted by admin ntu (admin@lib.ntu.edu.tw) on 2025-02-21T16:20:21Z No. of bitstreams: 0 | en |
| dc.description.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2025-02-21T16:20:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 | en |
| dc.description.tableofcontents | 誌謝 i
摘要 ii ABSTRACT iii 目次 v 圖次 viii 表次 x 第一章 前言 1 1.1 研究背景 1 1.2 研究假說、目的與目標 2 第二章 文獻回顧 3 2.1 抗生素抗藥性的威脅 3 2.1.1 抗生素的作用機制 3 2.1.2 細菌的抗生素抗藥性機制 4 2.1.3 抗生素抗性基因的來源與傳播途徑 5 2.1.4 抗生素抗性基因在環境監測中的選擇依據與應用意義 6 2.2 抗生素抗藥性基因在污水環境中的累積與挑戰 7 2.2.1 污水流行病學概述與應用 8 2.2.2 抗生素抗藥性基因(ARGs)標準化 9 2.2.3 糞便指標與人口標準化 9 2.2.4 抗生素抗藥性基因對污水處理廠的挑戰 11 2.2.5 醫療廢水中ARGs的危險性 12 2.3 醫療污水中ARGs的滅活應用 13 2.3.1 消毒程序 13 2.3.2 臭氧化醫療污水 14 2.3.3 臭氧微米氣泡運用於醫療污水的ARGs降解 14 2.4 生物膜處理系統 16 2.4.1 生物膜形成 16 2.4.2 生物膜載體及其材料特性對豐度的影響 16 2.5 本研究知識缺口（knowledge gap） 18 第三章 材料與研究方法 19 3.1 研究架構 19 3.2 污水下水道採樣 20 3.3 基本水質分析 21 3.4 生物載體材料 22 3.5 連續流式好氧生物膜培養實驗 23 3.5.1 醫院實場模組設計 23 3.5.2 載體採樣與預處理 26 3.5.3 載體附著生物質量（Attached growth biomass, AGBS） 26 3.6 分子生物技術 26 3.6.1 核酸萃取（DNA Extraction） 26 3.6.2 數位化聚合酶連鎖反應（Digital PCR, dPCR） 26 3.7 ARGs標準化方法 30 3.8 生物膜群落分析 31 3.9 數據分析與統計方法 31 第四章 研究結果 32 4.1 醫院污水放流對ARGs的影響 32 4.1.1 抗生素抗藥性基因濃度變化 32 4.1.2 相對菌群豐度(ARGs/16S rRNA)的時空變化 35 4.2 糞便生物標記的人口標準化應用 40 4.2.1 糞便生物標記作為標準化ARGs參數的適用性篩選 40 4.2.2 污水下水道的基因負荷量差異 44 4.2.3 相對人口豐度(ARGs/fecal biomarker gene) 46 4.3 城市污水處理廠對ARGs的進出流變化 53 4.3.1 污水廠ARGs的絕對濃度之去除效率 53 4.3.2 污水廠ARGs的相對菌群豐度變化 55 4.4 臭氧微奈米氣泡串聯好氧生物膜系統 57 4.4.1 載體材料對細菌黏附與附著生物量的影響 57 4.4.2 臭氧微米氣泡系統對醫院污水的影響 59 4.4.3 連續流式生物膜模組實驗—以醫院污水為研究對象 62 第五章 討論 81 5.1 國內抗生素用藥與污水下水道基因豐度 81 5.2 污水ARGs標準化的應用比較 83 5.3 水質參數應用於ARGs標準化之潛力 84 5.4 污水處理程序對出流水 ARGs 相對豐度影響的成因探討 85 5.5 COVID-19的時空背景下醫院污水放流ARGs的變化與遲滯效應 88 5.6 臭氧預處理對醫院實場生物處理載體生物膜的影響 94 第六章 結論與建議 96 6.1 結論 96 6.2 建議 97 參考文獻 98 附錄 119 | - |
| dc.language.iso | zh_TW | - |
| dc.subject | 抗生素抗藥性基因 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 污水流行病學方法 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 醫院污水 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 糞便生物標記 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 臭氧微奈米氣泡技術 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 載體生物膜 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 菌相分析 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | Microbiome Analysis | en |
| dc.subject | Antibiotic Resistance Genes | en |
| dc.subject | Wastewater-based Epidemiology | en |
| dc.subject | Hospital Wastewater | en |
| dc.subject | Fecal Biomarkers | en |
| dc.subject | Ozone Micro-Nano bubble Technology | en |
| dc.subject | Biofilm Carriers | en |
| dc.title | 污水中抗生素抗藥性基因分布：糞便生物標記之人口標準化應用與臭氧微奈米氣泡系統對生物膜菌相的影響 | zh_TW |
| dc.title | Distribution of Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Wastewater: Application of Fecal Biomarkers for Population-Based Normalization & Effects of Ozone Micro-Nano Bubbles on Biofilm Microbial Community. | en |
| dc.type | Thesis | - |
| dc.date.schoolyear | 113-1 | - |
| dc.description.degree | 碩士 | - |
| dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 吳佳真;陳佩貞 | zh_TW |
| dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | Chia-Chen Wu;Pei-Jen Chen | en |
| dc.subject.keyword | 抗生素抗藥性基因,污水流行病學方法,醫院污水,糞便生物標記,臭氧微奈米氣泡技術,載體生物膜,菌相分析, | zh_TW |
| dc.subject.keyword | Antibiotic Resistance Genes,Wastewater-based Epidemiology,Hospital Wastewater,Fecal Biomarkers,Ozone Micro-Nano bubble Technology,Biofilm Carriers,Microbiome Analysis, | en |
| dc.relation.page | 122 | - |
| dc.identifier.doi | 10.6342/NTU202404768 | - |
| dc.rights.note | 同意授權(限校園內公開) | - |
| dc.date.accepted | 2024-12-26 | - |
| dc.contributor.author-college | 工學院 | - |
| dc.contributor.author-dept | 環境工程學研究所 | - |
| dc.date.embargo-lift | 2029-12-22 | - |
| 顯示於系所單位： | 環境工程學研究所 | |
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