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| DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
|---|---|---|
| dc.contributor.advisor | 劉志文 | zh_TW |
| dc.contributor.advisor | Chih-Wen Liu | en |
| dc.contributor.author | 李孟芸 | zh_TW |
| dc.contributor.author | Meng-Yun Lee | en |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2025-02-19T16:14:51Z | - |
| dc.date.available | 2025-02-20 | - |
| dc.date.copyright | 2025-02-19 | - |
| dc.date.issued | 2025 | - |
| dc.date.submitted | 2025-01-21 | - |
| dc.identifier.citation | "IEEE Standard for Interconnection and Interoperability of Inverter-Based Resources (IBRs) Interconnecting with Associated Transmission Electric Power Systems," IEEE Std 2800-2022, pp. 1-180, 22 Apr. 2022.
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| dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/96499 | - |
| dc.description.abstract | 在再生能源高佔比電力系統中，系統慣量降低帶給系統頻率調節很大的挑戰。為處理這個問題，本文提出了一種基於自適應RoCoF參考控制策略的快速反應備轉服務(Fast Frequency Response, FFR)控制器，應用於電力系統發生事故時，維持系統頻率高於設定的閾值，並避免過多電池儲能系統(Battery Energy Storage System, BESS)電能轉移。為了使電力系統在所有可能的偶發事故下都維持安全運轉，FFR控制器使用離線決定的控制增益，並考量最嚴重事故情境設計控制器增益。為避免在較小的事故下有過多的FFR輸出，我們提出的自適應RoCoF參考值是依據線上的電力缺口預測及發電機升降載能力預測決定。這個方法提供的FFR可以符合不同操作情境的系統需求，包括連鎖故障，同時降低FFR電能轉移及操作成本。雖然此方法僅使用簡單機制且未設計頻率響應估測器，但是其減少FFR電能轉移之效果與使用個別事故最佳增益的控制器相當。本文以修改過的9匯流排測試電力系統和規劃中具有高再生能源滲透率的2025年台灣電力系統中驗證該控制器的效能，模擬結果展示了其在各種情境下的適應性和效率。值得一提的是：在不同的事故規模下，自適應RoCoF參考控制器的FFR平均電能轉移指標(Energy Transfer Index, ETI)為17.37%，相對於傳統參考值為零的控制器為28.59%改善許多，突顯了其在高再生能源滲透電力系統中提升系統效能和可靠性的潛力。 | zh_TW |
| dc.description.abstract | Reduced system inertia in power systems with high renewable energy penetration poses significant challenges to frequency regulation. To address these issues, we propose a Fast Frequency Response (FFR) controller designed to maintain frequency within predefined thresholds while reducing operating costs associated with Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESSs). To ensure frequency security under credible contingencies, the control gain of the FFR controller is determined offline, based on the worst-case scenario. To avoid excessive FFR deployment during minor disturbances, we introduce an adaptive RoCoF reference that dynamically adjusts based on real-time estimations of power deficits and generator ramping capabilities. This approach tailors FFR needs to varying operational scenarios, including cascading failures, thereby effectively reducing FFR energy transfer and operating costs. Although the proposed method employs a simple mechanism that eliminate the need for frequency response estimator, its energy efficiency is comparable to controllers using contingency-specific critical control gains. Validation of the controller in a modified 9-bus test power system and a planned 2025 high-renewable Taiwan power system demonstrates its adaptability across various scenarios. Notably, across different contingencies and operating conditions, the average Energy Transfer Index (ETI) for the proposed controller is significantly lower than that of the zero reference controller, at 17.37% compared to 28.59%, respectively. | en |
| dc.description.provenance | Submitted by admin ntu (admin@lib.ntu.edu.tw) on 2025-02-19T16:14:51Z No. of bitstreams: 0 | en |
| dc.description.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2025-02-19T16:14:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 | en |
| dc.description.tableofcontents | 口試委員審定書 i
中文摘要及關鍵詞 ii 英文摘要及關鍵詞 iii 目 次 iv 圖 次 vii 表 次 x Nomenclature xi Chapter 1 Introduction 1 1.1 System Inertia 1 1.2 Ramping Capability 3 1.3 Mitigation Measures and Sources of Frequency Support 7 1.4 Frequency and RoCoF Estimation 9 1.5 Challenge Associated with High RoCoF and RoCoF threshold 12 1.6 Literature on Control Method Providing Frequency Support 16 1.6.1 Controller Configurations 16 1.6.2 Strategies for Improving Frequency Support Controller Performance 18 1.7 Contributions of This Study 25 Chapter 2 Methodology 26 2.1 Assumptions 27 2.2 Structure of the Proposed FFR Controller 27 2.3 Coordination with PFR and Event Onset Detection 31 2.4 Adaptive RoCoF Reference and Remediation Mechanism (RM) 33 2.5 Estimated Response Time of PFR 37 2.5.1 Predicted PFR at Frequency Nadir 38 2.5.2 Estimations of Ramping Capabilities 40 2.5.3 Implementation of the Estimated Response Time of PFR 42 2.5.4 Margin in Estimated Response Time of PFR 43 2.5.5 Update Process for the Estimated Response Time 44 2.6 Upper Bound for Frequency Nadir using Adaptive Reference Controller 44 2.6.1 Derivation of the Upper Bound for Frequency at Switch-Off 45 2.6.2 Validation of the Upper Bound for Frequency Nadir 47 2.7 Critical Control Gain for the Adaptive Reference Controller 49 Chapter 3 Results and Discussion 53 3.1 Offline Stage- Designing Gain for Worst-Case Scenario 54 3.1.1 Effects of Controller Time Delays 56 3.1.2 Effects of Control Gains and Coordination with PFR 59 3.2 Online Stage- Adjusting Reference Based on Estimated Response Time 63 3.2.1 Effects of Contingency Sizes and System Load Damping 64 3.2.2 Contingency-Specific Critical Control Gain and ETIs 68 3.2.3 Cascading Failure 71 3.2.4 Effects of Errors in Estimated Response Time 72 3.2.5 Remediation Mechanism (RM) 76 3.3 Effects of System Inertia Levels 78 3.4 Effect of Frequency Threshold Settings 81 3.5 Validation on a Planned 2025 Taiwan Power System 84 Chapter 4 Conclusions and Future Work 87 References 90 Appendix 96 A.1 Preliminaries for Calculating Frequency Nadir 96 A.2 RoCoF Threshold-based Gain Scheduling for Zero Reference Controller 100 A.3 Validation of the Proposed Gain Scheduling Method 104 A.4 System Parameter Estimation Method 110 A.5 Overview of the Modified 9 Bus Test Power System 112 | - |
| dc.language.iso | en | - |
| dc.subject | 電池儲能系統 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 自適應RoCoF參考點 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 升降載能力 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 一次調頻響應 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 快速反應備轉服務 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | adaptive RoCoF reference | en |
| dc.subject | Fast frequency response (FFR) | en |
| dc.subject | primary frequency response (PFR) | en |
| dc.subject | ramping capability | en |
| dc.subject | battery energy storage system (BESS) | en |
| dc.title | 基於適應式RoCoF參考點之快速反應輔助備轉服務以降低儲能系統運轉成本 | zh_TW |
| dc.title | Adaptive RoCoF Reference-based Fast Frequency Response with Reduced BESS Operating Costs | en |
| dc.type | Thesis | - |
| dc.date.schoolyear | 113-1 | - |
| dc.description.degree | 博士 | - |
| dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 黃世杰;朱家齊;周至如;連國龍 | zh_TW |
| dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | Shyh-Jier Huang;Chia-Chi Chu;Chih-Ju Chou;Kuo-Lung Lian | en |
| dc.subject.keyword | 快速反應備轉服務,一次調頻響應,升降載能力,電池儲能系統,自適應RoCoF參考點, | zh_TW |
| dc.subject.keyword | Fast frequency response (FFR),primary frequency response (PFR),ramping capability,battery energy storage system (BESS),adaptive RoCoF reference, | en |
| dc.relation.page | 116 | - |
| dc.identifier.doi | 10.6342/NTU202500189 | - |
| dc.rights.note | 同意授權(全球公開) | - |
| dc.date.accepted | 2025-01-21 | - |
| dc.contributor.author-college | 電機資訊學院 | - |
| dc.contributor.author-dept | 電機工程學系 | - |
| dc.date.embargo-lift | 2027-01-21 | - |
| 顯示於系所單位： | 電機工程學系 | |
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| ntu-113-1.pdf 此日期後於網路公開 2027-01-21 | 4.88 MB | Adobe PDF |
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