臺灣化妝品塑膠包材數位產品護照之研究

Abstract

為了減少廢棄物和預防原材料的損失，歐盟委員會推出了數位產品護照來促進循環經濟的實踐。數位產品護照是一種可通過設備訪問的數位數據集，它提供詳細的產品資訊，並幫助回收公司更有效地識別和回收被廢棄的材料。本研究探討了數位產品護照的現狀，並分析了其目的、起源、優點和當前所面臨的挑戰。由於目前臺灣尚未有任何與數位產品護照的政策，因此本研究進行了一項涵蓋多個領域的文獻綜述。這一過程涉及對包裝、廢電子及電器設備、電池、建築和建設以及紡織品等各個領域的綜合文獻回顧，以綜合相關見解並制定出可靠的標準。本研究專注於化妝品包材，因其銷售率高，但回收率卻並不高；並引入了一個專門針對該領域的數位產品護照應有的資訊。本研究的第二部分利用生命周期評估（LCA）來評估在擁有數位產品護照的框架下，從線性經濟轉型為循環經濟對化妝品粉餅的環境影響。結果顯示，轉型後人類健康的衝擊降低了65%，生態系統的衝擊減少了50%，自然資源則只降低了7%。這些發現強調了借助數位產品護照的實施，回收化妝品包材得以減輕環境影響的重要性。

To reduce waste and prevent material loss, the European Commission has developed a plan to promote circular economy practices through the implementation of a Digital Product Passport (DPP). A DPP is a digital dataset accessible via devices, providing detailed product information that helps recycling companies identify and recycle waste more effectively. This study examines the current state of the DPP by exploring its purpose, origin, benefits, and current challenges. As there is currently no official policy for DPP in Taiwan, a comprehensive literature review across various sectors were established, including packaging, Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE), batteries, building and construction, and textiles to synthesize relevant insights and develop robust criteria. Focusing on cosmetic packaging – which, despite high sales figures, is not widely recycled – this study introduces a DPP specifically tailored for this sector. The second part of this study uses a life cycle assessment (LCA) to evaluate the environmental impacts of transitioning from a linear economy to a circular economy for a cosmetic compact under the DPP framework. The results indicate that environmental impacts on human health were reduced by 65%, and ecosystem impacts were reduced by 50% following the transition. However, resources were reduced by only 7%. These findings highlight the importance of recycling cosmetic packaging with the aid of a DPP to mitigate environmental impacts.