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| DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
|---|---|---|
| dc.contributor.advisor | 林維怡 | zh_TW |
| dc.contributor.advisor | Wei-Yi Lin | en |
| dc.contributor.author | 王琦緣 | zh_TW |
| dc.contributor.author | Chi-Yuan Wang | en |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2024-09-25T16:14:20Z | - |
| dc.date.available | 2024-09-26 | - |
| dc.date.copyright | 2024-09-25 | - |
| dc.date.issued | 2024 | - |
| dc.date.submitted | 2024-08-10 | - |
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| dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/95939 | - |
| dc.description.abstract | 亞洲稻米生產以湛水栽培為主，低氧狀態使土壤中的厭氧微生物大量增殖，包括產甲烷菌，因此水稻田為全球甲烷排放的主要來源之一。白葉枯病為嚴重威脅稻米生產之病害，目前已鑑定出數十個抗病基因座並堆疊至不同稻品系，先前有研究指出抗病基因的導入會影響水稻的代謝體，但目前仍不清楚是否會影響根內及根圈菌相組成，因此本研究企圖探究白葉枯病抗病基因的導入對根圈、根內細菌結構及甲烷排放的影響。本研究以堆疊5個抗病基因座的品系IRBB66及其母本IR24，以及IRBB66導入TNG82的品系為材料，調查水稻的甲烷排放量與根系結構、根圈及根內菌相、根分泌物的差異。2023年一期作的調查發現，各品系的甲烷排放速率隨生育時期演進和環境溫度增加而提升，在乳熟期IRBB66及其導入系的甲烷排放速率皆比輪迴親本低；根系結構的分析顯示IRBB66和導入系的根尖數、根長、根表面積較親本低，顯示根系並不是影響甲烷排放的關鍵。根圈菌相分析發現IRBB66較IR24更能吸引產甲烷菌，但在根內生菌相的部分則發現導入白葉枯病抗病基因座的品系吸引較多甲烷氧化菌到根內，可能是造成導入系的甲烷排放量少於親本的原因；根分泌物組成的分析結果發現部分長鏈脂肪酸和有機化合物在IR24的根分泌物中含量顯著較高，仍需進一步試驗以確認這些化合物與菌相的相關性，未來會持續觀察不同期作抗病品系與親本的甲烷排放，以及探究品系間的通氣組織及地上部的性狀差異，以期了解白葉枯病抗病基因座對甲烷排放之影響，作為未來育成抗病和低碳排品系之參考。 | zh_TW |
| dc.description.abstract | Paddy cultivation is the main agricultural practice for Asian rice production, which generates low oxygen environment that promote the proliferation of anaerobic microorganisms in soil, including methanogenic archaea. Thus, rice paddies are the one of human sources of methane emissions. Bacterial blight (BB) is a serious threat to rice production. Numbers of loci associated with disease resistance have been identified and stacked into different rice varieties. It has been shown that the introducing disease resistance genes affects plant metabolome, but it remains unclear whether it influences the composition of endospheric or rhizospheric microbiome. Thus, this study aims to explore the impacts of pyramiding bacterial leaf blight resistant genes on rhizospheric and endospheric bacterial structure and methane emissions. IRBB66 line, which stacks five BB-resistant genes and the introgressive lines in TNG82 were recruited as materials for investigating the differences of methane emissions, root structure, rhizospheric and endospheric bacterial communities, and root exudate composition between lines. In the first cropping season in 2023, we found that methane emissions rates of all the lines increased with the progression of the growth period and environmental temperatures. During the milky stage, methane emission rates of IRBB66 and its introgressive lines were lower than those of recurrent parents. Root structure analysis showed that the number of root tips, total root length, and root surface area of IRBB66 and its introgressive lines were lower than those of recurrent lines, suggesting that root structure may not be the key factor affecting methane emissions. Rhizosphere microbiome analysis revealed that IRBB66 attracts more methanogens compared to IR24, but in endospheric microbiome, BB-resistant lines attracted more methanotrophs to roots. It may be one of the reasons that the disease-resistant lines had less methane emissions. Analysis of root exudate profiles suggested that some long-chain fatty acids and some organic compounds in IR24 were higher than in IRBB66. Further experiments are required to confirm the roles of these compounds in modulating bacterial structure in rhizosphere and endosphere. In the future we will keep monitering the methane emissions of BB-resistant and parental lines. The difference of aerenchyma structure and physiological traits of aboveground tissues will be also dissected. The results will help to understand the impacts of introducing BB-resistant genes on rice methane emission and provide useful information for developing disease-resistant and low-carbon-emission lines in the future. | en |
| dc.description.provenance | Submitted by admin ntu (admin@lib.ntu.edu.tw) on 2024-09-25T16:14:20Z No. of bitstreams: 0 | en |
| dc.description.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2024-09-25T16:14:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 | en |
| dc.description.tableofcontents | 中文摘要 iv
Abstract v 目次 vii 圖次 xi 表次 xiii 附錄目錄 xiv 第一章 前言 1 1.1碳排碳匯 1 1.2 水稻田的甲烷排放 1 1.2.1 產甲烷菌 2 1.2.2甲烷氧化菌 3 1.2.3影響產甲烷菌及甲烷氧化菌族群豐度和組成之環境因素 4 1.2.4稻米遺傳背景對菌相組成之影響 6 1.3水稻與白葉枯病 7 1.4研究目的與動機 8 第二章 材料方法 10 2.1田間實驗 10 2.1.1測試地點及土壤性質 10 2.1.2品系選擇 10 2.1.3栽培管理 10 2.2甲烷分析 11 2.2.1樣品採集 11 2.2.2氣體分析 11 2.3根圈及根內菌樣品採集 12 2.3.1 DNA萃取 12 2.4 根圈菌16S rRNA基因次世代定序 13 2.5根圈的生物資訊分析 13 2.5.1樣品複雜度分析 (α-多樣性；α-diversity) 14 2.5.2 樣本分組比較分析 (β-多樣性；β-diversity) 14 2.5.3敏感物種 (ASVs) 分析 14 2.5.4 LEfSe分析 14 2.5.5基因功能預測 14 2.5.6數據統計分析 15 2.6根內生菌全長16S rRNA定序 15 2.7根內的生物資訊分析 15 2.7.1樣品複雜度分析 (α-多樣性；α-diversity) 16 2.7.2樣本分組比較分析 (β-多樣性；β-diversity) 16 2.7.3 LEfSe分析 16 2.7.4基因功能預測 16 2.7.5數據統計分析 17 2.8根分泌物實驗 17 2.8.1種植方式 17 2.8.2根分泌物的收集與分析 17 2.9根系結構分析 17 2.9.1水稻種植 17 2.9.2分析方式 18 2.9.3統計分析 18 第三章 結果 19 1.試驗環境概況 19 2.不同品系水稻的甲烷排放差異 19 3.不同品系水稻的根部結構差異 20 4.不同品系水稻的微生物相 20 4-1品系間的根圈土壤微生物相 20 4-2品系間的根部內微生物相 25 5.不同品系的水稻根分泌物成分差異 28 第四章 討論 29 1.甲烷排放量的差異 29 2.根系結構的差異對於甲烷排放的影響 29 3.菌相的差異對甲烷排放量的影響 30 3-1根圈土壤菌相的差異 30 3-2根內生菌相的差異 32 4.根分泌物對甲烷排放的影響 32 第五章 結論 33 參考文獻 34 附錄 81 | - |
| dc.language.iso | zh_TW | - |
| dc.title | 堆疊白葉枯病抗病基因座對水稻甲烷排放量及根部微生物相之影響 | zh_TW |
| dc.title | Impacts of Stacking Blast Resistance Gene Loci on Methane Emission and Root Microbiome in Rice | en |
| dc.type | Thesis | - |
| dc.date.schoolyear | 112-2 | - |
| dc.description.degree | 碩士 | - |
| dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 蕭友晉;許奕婷 | zh_TW |
| dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | Yo-Jin Shiau;Yi-Ting Hsu | en |
| dc.subject.keyword | 水稻,白葉枯病抗病基因座,甲烷排放,根系結構,根圈菌相,根內菌相, | zh_TW |
| dc.subject.keyword | rice,bacterial blight resistance gene loci,methane emissions,root structure,rhizospheric microbiome,endospheric microbiome, | en |
| dc.relation.page | 83 | - |
| dc.identifier.doi | 10.6342/NTU202403355 | - |
| dc.rights.note | 同意授權(限校園內公開) | - |
| dc.date.accepted | 2024-08-13 | - |
| dc.contributor.author-college | 生物資源暨農學院 | - |
| dc.contributor.author-dept | 農藝學系 | - |
| dc.date.embargo-lift | 2029-08-07 | - |
| 顯示於系所單位： | 農藝學系 | |
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