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| DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
|---|---|---|
| dc.contributor.advisor | 王尚禮 | zh_TW |
| dc.contributor.advisor | Shan-Li Wang | en |
| dc.contributor.author | 何心媮 | zh_TW |
| dc.contributor.author | Hsin-Yu Ho | en |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2024-09-11T16:12:37Z | - |
| dc.date.available | 2024-12-27 | - |
| dc.date.copyright | 2024-09-11 | - |
| dc.date.issued | 2024 | - |
| dc.date.submitted | 2024-08-06 | - |
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National Academy for Educational Research, Entry for田間容水量, https://terms.naer.edu.tw/detail/ddf48cfc4e8aaa5a2211a450c74c9656/ (accessed August 6, 2024). 許元昆. 1995. 家禽電宰廠副產物(羽毛)之回收利用. 飼料營養1995.09[民84.09]卷, 65-68. 陳仁炫and鄒裕民. 2008. 土壤與肥料分析手册（一）：土壤化學性質分析, 中華土壤肥料學會. 陳寧, 葉鎮中, 賴冠丞and陳添寶. 2018.【雞豬遇水劫】畜牧業在極端氣候下的防災難題《我們的島 our island》. 陳寧, 葉鎮中, 賴冠丞and陳添寶(eds), 財團法人公共電視文化事業基金會. 葉瑞涵, 李孟儒, 吳鈴彩, 朱家德and凃榮珍. 2021. 雞隻副產物之再利用技術. 畜產研究2021-54-4-259-272. | - |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/95501 | - |
| dc.description.abstract | 全球雞養殖業每年產生數百萬噸的雞羽毛，造成嚴重的環境問題。雞羽毛富含角蛋白，經過亞臨界水萃取，這些角蛋白可以被轉化為高氮含量的蛋白質水解液。氮是作物生長所需之巨量元素，化學肥料施用解決了作物氮肥供應的問題，但是化學氮肥大量施用卻也導致了嚴重的環境問題。因此，本研究的目的是要探討雞羽毛水解液的氮在土壤中的轉變機制，並評估其是否具有做為有機氮肥的潛力，以期解決雞羽毛廢棄物和化學氮肥施用所導致的環境問題。本研究於不同pH和質地的土壤進行60天的土壤孵育實驗，分析土壤樣品中總氮、可水解氮、銨態氮、亞硝酸態氮、硝酸態氮及氧化亞氮通量等氮物種，以及總碳、細菌群落和參與氮轉變過程的重要功能性基因(AOA amoA, AOB amoA, nirS, and nirK)隨時間的變化，並將雞羽毛水解液與尿素進行比較。孵育實驗結束後，分析土壤團粒的穩定性。結果表明，雞羽毛水解液的氮礦化作用比尿素緩慢。在黏土含量較高的酸性土壤中，生物有效性氮（可水解氮、銨態氮、亞硝酸態氮和硝酸態氮的總和）增加較少。硝化作用只在中性土壤中發生，而未在酸性土壤中發生。在中性土壤中，自營性硝化菌在硝化過程中扮演至關重要的角色。此外，雞羽毛的施用使nirS/nirK比率下降，顯示反硝化菌群的組成發生了變化。至於土壤健康指標，雞羽毛的施用使細菌群落的組成產生些微變化，但細菌總數並沒有顯著的變化。此外，土壤有機質的分解和土壤團粒的穩定性也沒有顯著的變化。這項研究表明，雞羽毛水解液可以作為有機氮肥，因為其與化學氮肥相比，對環境的影響似乎更低。 | zh_TW |
| dc.description.abstract | Millions of tons of chicken feathers are generated globally each year, posing significant environmental problems. Fortunately, chicken feathers are rich in keratin, which can be converted into protein hydrolysate by subcritical fluid extraction. This hydrolysate with high nitrogen (N) content has the potential to serve as an organic nitrogen fertilizer. Nitrogen is one of the macronutrients for plant growth. Since the 20th century, an increased demand for synthetic nitrogen fertilizers driven by the flourishing human population has led to severe environmental issues. Thus, understanding the mutual influence between chicken-feather hydrolysate (CFH) and soil offers a possible solution to address both feather waste problems and the environmental issues tied to synthetic nitrogen fertilizers. In this study, CFH was incubated in soils with different pH and texture for 60 days to investigate how CFH transforms in soil and how the soil is affected by CFH. N species (total N, hydrolysable N, ammonium, nitrite, nitrate, nitrous oxide), total carbon, nitrogen functional genes (AOA amoA, AOB amoA, nirS, and nirK), and bacteria community were measured over time. After the incubation ended, water-stable aggregate was measured. The findings on nitrogen dynamics of CFH revealed that the mineralization rate of CFH into ammonium nitrogen was slower than that of urea. In acidic soils with a higher clay content, there were less increases in bioavailable nitrogen. Nitrification occurred only in neutral soils but not in acidic ones. In neutral pH soils, autotrophic nitrifiers played a crucial role in the nitrification process. Additionally, applying CFH decreased the nirS/nirK ratio, indicating changes in the composition of the denitrifying microbial community. About soil health indicators, CFH application led to a minor shift in the composition of the bacterial community without significantly affecting the total bacteria abundance. Furthermore, there were no substantial change in the decomposition of soil organic matter and the stability of soil aggregates. This study suggests that CFH can function as an organic nitrogen fertilizer, as its environmental impact appears lower compared to synthetic nitrogen fertilizers. | en |
| dc.description.provenance | Submitted by admin ntu (admin@lib.ntu.edu.tw) on 2024-09-11T16:12:37Z No. of bitstreams: 0 | en |
| dc.description.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2024-09-11T16:12:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 | en |
| dc.description.tableofcontents | 誌謝 ii
摘要 iii Abstract iv Table of Contents vi List of Figures ix List of Tables xiii List of Abbreviations xiv Chapter 1: Introduction 1 Chapter 2: Literature Review 3 2.1 The Importance of Circular Economy 3 2.2 Chicken Feather 3 2.2.1 Chicken Feather as a Waste 3 2.2.2 Chicken Feather Management 4 2.2.3 Subcritical Water Extraction of Chicken Feather 5 2.3 The N Cycle 7 2.4 Organic Nitrogen Transformation in Soil 11 2.4.1 Mineralization 11 2.4.2 Nitrification 12 2.4.3 Denitrification 14 2.5 Effects of Fertilizers on Soil Health 16 2.5.1 Carbon to Nitrogen (C/N) Ratio and Soil Microorganisms 16 2.5.2 Priming Effect 16 2.5.3 Soil Organic Matter (SOM) and Aggregate Stability 17 2.5.4 Soil Microorganisms and Aggregate Stability 18 Chapter 3: Material and Methods 19 3.1 Chicken-Feather Hydrolysate 19 3.2 Soil Properties 19 3.3 Incubation experiment design 20 3.4 Chemical Analysis 22 3.4.1 Total Organic Carbon (TOC) and Total Nitrogen (TN) 22 3.4.2 Hydrolysable Nitrogen (Hyd-N) 22 3.4.3 Ammonium (NH4+-N) 23 3.4.4 Nitrite (NO2--N) and Nitrate (NO3--N) 23 3.5 N2O Fluxes Measurement 24 3.6 Bacterial analysis 25 3.6.1 DNA extraction from soil samples 25 3.6.2 Preparation of Standard Plasmids 26 3.6.3 Quantitative PCR (qPCR) 26 3.7 Water-stable Aggregate 28 3.8 Electron Probe Micro Analysis 28 3.9 Data and Statistical Analyses 29 Chapter 4: Results and Discussion 32 4.1 Nitrogen Transformation of CFH in Soil 32 4.1.1 In Low pH, Low Clay Content Soil 32 4.1.2 In Low pH, High Clay Content Soil 39 4.1.3 In Neutral pH, Low Clay Content Soil 47 4.1.4 In Neutral pH, High Clay Content Soil 55 4.2 Effects of CFH on Soil Health 62 4.2.1 Bacterial Community 62 4.2.2 Total Organic Carbon 65 4.2.3 Aggregate Stability 67 4.2.4 Chemical Composition and Structure of Aggregate 69 Chapter 5: Conclusion 72 References 74 | - |
| dc.language.iso | en | - |
| dc.subject | 團粒穩定性 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 脫氮作用 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 礦化作用 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 雞羽毛 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 硝化作用 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | nitrogen mineralization | en |
| dc.subject | chicken feather | en |
| dc.subject | nitrification | en |
| dc.subject | aggregate stability | en |
| dc.subject | denitrification | en |
| dc.title | 雞羽毛水解液在土壤中的氮轉變及其對土壤團粒穩定性和菌群的影響 | zh_TW |
| dc.title | Nitrogen Transformation Dynamics of Chicken-Feather Hydrolysate in Soil and Its Effects on Aggregate Stability and Bacteria Community of Soil | en |
| dc.type | Thesis | - |
| dc.date.schoolyear | 112-2 | - |
| dc.description.degree | 碩士 | - |
| dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 浅野眞希;田村憲司;岡根泉 | zh_TW |
| dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | Maki Asano;Kenji Tamura;Izumi Okane | en |
| dc.subject.keyword | 雞羽毛,礦化作用,硝化作用,脫氮作用,團粒穩定性, | zh_TW |
| dc.subject.keyword | chicken feather,nitrogen mineralization,nitrification,denitrification,aggregate stability, | en |
| dc.relation.page | 88 | - |
| dc.identifier.doi | 10.6342/NTU202403602 | - |
| dc.rights.note | 未授權 | - |
| dc.date.accepted | 2024-08-10 | - |
| dc.contributor.author-college | 生物資源暨農學院 | - |
| dc.contributor.author-dept | 農業化學系 | - |
| 顯示於系所單位： | 農業化學系 | |
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