探討個人社會資本與社區意識與個人情緒困擾的關係：跨層次調節效果分析

Abstract

背景：隨著社會和經濟的快速發展，情緒困擾成為影響現代人心理健康的重要問題。在臺灣地區的情緒困擾當中，憂鬱症的發病率逐年上升且成因複雜，涉及生理、心理及社會因素，且其中社區意識和個人社會資本在情緒困擾的形成和發展中有著重要的影響。 目的：本研究的主要目的是深入探討個人社會資本與情緒困擾之間的關係，並進一步調查社區意識在這一關係中的調節效果，理解社區意識在個人社會資本與情緒困擾之間的相互作用中所扮演的角色，以評估社區意識是否能夠影響個體在社會網絡中建立的社會資本對其情緒困擾的影響程度。 方法：本研究採用橫斷面調查設計，利用「臺灣社會變遷基本調查計畫2017第七期第三次」中網路與社會資源組之資料庫進行研究資料分析，並使用多階層線性模型，考察個人層次和鄰里層次的變項對情緒困擾的影響。 結果：本研究結果高程度之結合型、橋接型、位置型個人社會資本的個體，其情緒困擾顯著較低，表示不管是親密且強烈關係(如家庭和親密朋友)的互動、參加各種社區或社會活動、跨層次群體的社交網絡皆對減少情緒困擾具有重要作用。社區意識也會在上述結合型與橋接型個人社會資本關係中起到調節作用，當個體擁有高程度的社區意識時，個人社會資本對於情緒困擾的影響力會相對減弱，表示即使個人社會資本較低，個體仍然可以依賴社區意識提供足夠的支持和資源以應對情緒困擾。 結論：提升個人社會資本和加強社區意識可以有效減輕情緒困擾，大眾應重視社區建設和心理健康教育，並促進居民參與社區活動，建立更緊密的社會支持網絡，以改善整體社區的心理健康狀況。

Background: With the rapid development of society and economy, emotional distress has become a significant issue affecting the mental health of modern people. Among emotional distress in Taiwan, the incidence of depression is increasing year by year and the causes are complex, involving physical, psychological and social factors, and sense of community and personal social capital play an important role in the formation and development of emotional distress. Objectives: The primary aim of this study is to deeply explore the relationship between personal social capital and emotional distress, and to further investigate the moderating effect of sense of community in this relationship, and to understand the role of sense of community in the interaction between personal social capital and emotional distress. role to assess whether a sense of community can influence the extent to which an individual's social capital built in their social network affects their emotional distress. Methods: This study adopts a cross-sectional survey design, utilizing data from the "2017 Taiwan Social Change Survey (Round 7, Year 3): Network and Social Resources Group ". Multilevel linear models examine the effects of individual-level and neighborhood- level variables on emotional distress. Results: The results of this study show that individuals with high levels of bonding, bridging, and positional personal social capital have significantly lower emotional distress, regardless of whether they interact with close and strong relationships (such as family and close friends), participate in various communities or social activities and cross-level group social networks all play an important role in reducing emotional distress. The sense of community will also play a moderating role in the above- mentioned relationship between bonding and bridging personal social capital. When an individual has a high degree of sense of community, the influence of personal social capital on emotional distress will be relatively weakened, indicating that even if personal social capital is relatively high low, individuals can still rely on a sense of community to provide adequate support and resources to cope with emotional distress. Conclusion: Enhancing individual social capital and strengthening sense of community can effectively alleviate emotional distress.