利用數位濾波器消除積分成像式光場顯示器中鬼影效果之數位電路設計

Abstract

隨著顯示器的進步，人們對顯示器的要求也從畫質、刷新率轉變想將二維的影像擴展成三維的影像，例如AR、VR、3D等相關應用也是越來越值得探討的主題之一。在這個背景下，積分成像式光場顯示器的出現填補了傳統顯示技術無法提供真實立體影像的空白，為深度虛擬體驗開啟了新的可能性。其能夠捕捉和再現光場的深度資訊，使觀眾能夠在觀看影像時感受到更真實的立體效果，從而在AR、VR等領域中提供更加沉浸式的體驗。因此，積分成像式光場顯示器在未來的顯示技術發展中將扮演著重要的角色。 積分成像式光場顯示器的優勢在於其能夠在不同的深度空間重現不同的影像。這種能力使其能夠實現焦點模糊，從而有效解決了3D影像中的一個重要問題：視覺輻輳調節衝突(Vergence-Accommodation Conflict, VAC)。VAC發生時，觀看者的眼睛感受到的深度線索（輻輳）與顯示影像的焦距（調節）之間存在不匹配。通過動態調整顯示影像的焦平面以匹配觀看者的視覺焦點，積分成像式顯示器可以減輕VAC，提供更舒適、更身臨其境的3D觀影體驗。這種改進不僅增強了觀眾的舒適度，也提高了3D影像應用，如虛擬現實（VR）和增強現實（AR）的整體真實感和效果。 在本論文中將會先探討積分成像式光場顯示器的設計原理以及鬼影發生原因，在了解到鬼影發生的原因後，先利用LightTools®建構出能夠遮擋鬼影的架構，並進行基本的驗證後，再將其透過MATLAB®模擬出其對應的數位濾波器樣式並加以改進，最後再透過Verilog設計出對應於此功能的數位濾波器晶片，來縮短運算所需要的時間。

With the advancement of displays, people's demands for displays have also shifted from image quality and refresh rate to expanding two-dimensional images into three-dimensional ones. Applications such as AR, VR, and 3D are becoming increasingly worthy of exploration. In this context, the emergence of integral imaging displays fills the gap left by traditional display technologies in providing realistic three-dimensional images, opening up new possibilities for deep virtual experiences. Integral imaging displays can capture and reproduce depth information of light fields, allowing viewers to experience more realistic three-dimensional effects when watching images, thus providing a more immersive experience in fields such as AR and VR. Therefore, integral imaging displays are expected to play an important role in the future development of display technologies. The advantage of integral imaging displays lies in their ability to reproduce different images in different depth spaces. This capability enables them to achieve focal blur, effectively addressing a significant issue in 3D imaging: the Vergence-Accommodation Conflict (VAC）. When VAC occurs, there is a mismatch between the depth cues (vergence）perceived by the viewer's eyes and the focal distance (accommodation）of the displayed images. By dynamically adjusting the focal plane of the displayed images to match the viewer's visual focus, integral imaging displays can alleviate VAC, providing a more comfortable and immersive 3D viewing experience. This improvement not only enhances audience comfort but also elevates the overall realism and effects of 3D imaging applications such as virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR). In this thesis, we will first explore the design principles of integral imaging light field displays and the causes of crosstalk effect. After understanding the reasons for crosstalk effect, we will use LightTools® to construct a framework capable of mitigating crosstalk effect and conduct basic verification. Then, we will simulate the corresponding digital filter pattern in MATLAB® and make improvements. Finally, we will design a digital filter chip using Verilog to implement this functionality, aiming to reduce the required computation time.