針對混合乾羽毛於液體中分選收集之流場開發

Abstract

本論文旨在設計一浸潤式流場分選系統將乾燥混合羽毛組成中的大尺寸毛片篩出，藉此提高羽絨於混合羽毛中之佔比。系統所使用之工作流體透過溶入特定濃度之氯化鈉以提升流體密度，進而強化浮力作用於不同種類羽毛的差異性以創造分離機制；同時，工作流體中也混入一定比例之介面活性劑，使之擁有可快速潤濕乾燥混合羽毛的特性，有助羽毛保持沉浸狀態。爾後我們設計一流場設備以配合工作流體特性來達到對乾燥混和樣本羽毛進行潤濕、疏鬆、運輸、分離以及收集等連續製程。此設備以一透明玻璃水缸盛裝工作流體，內部設置本論文設計並製作的特殊流道，經幫浦驅動水流後創造不同的工作流域並產生流場結構，透過流體動力及浮力耦合作用分選毛片及羽絨。本論文描述了設備發展過程中所出現的羽毛運動現象以及對應的設計抉擇，並予以工作機制之說明，更藉由實驗檢驗最終設計之有效性，若以同一種類羽毛的初始個數及分選後之個數百分比來評估分選效果，我們發現大尺寸毛片有77%被成功篩出，而羽絨則有87%被成功收集。我們更進一步比較改變流場設置對不同種類羽毛分選結果之影響，以討論相應的潛在控制參數。

In this study, an aqueous sorting system has been developed to sort out big feathers from a dry feather mixture, thereby increasing the proportion of downs in the output feather collection. The density of the working fluid is increased by dissolving a specific concentration of sodium chloride, thereby promoting the buoyancy-induced segregation effect on various types of feathers. Additionally, a certain concentration of surfactant is mixed into the working fluid to enable the wettability of the working fluid, with which we may promote the immersion state of the dry feather mixtures. Exploiting the unique properties of the working fluid, a flow facility is designed to achieve a continuous sorting process that includes wetting, disengaging, transporting, segregating, and collecting steps. The flow is driven a pump and moves through various flow channels in specific shapes and dimension, thereby creating specific flow fields or structures to meet the respective e functions in the process. The dynamics of feathers during the development of the apparatus are described with the flow physics and the working mechanisms and how they led to the design decisions. Through experimental validation, the effectiveness of the final design was evaluated by the number percentage of each type of feathers before and after the sorting process. We found that that 77% of the big feathers is successfully sorted out, while 87% of the down is successfully collected. Furthermore, the crucial flow design aspect is identified and investigated its effects on the sorting effectiveness to discuss the potential control parameters for further process enhancement