探討子女目睹父親受暴經驗

Abstract

長期以來，家庭暴力（domestic violence, DV）一直是嚴重的社會議題，其對目睹兒童的發展歷程造成的影響多方且嚴重程度不一。過去的研究主要集中夫妻間的暴力，也就是親密伴侶暴力（intimate partner violence, IPV），其中尤其針對男性對女性的暴力行為，並發現這些暴力事件對目睹者的心理健康產生了負面影響。然而，在臺灣，父親受暴案件的通報數逐年上升，卻鮮有相關研究針對這一議題進行深入探討。這主要是因為社會文化因素以及男性受暴的特殊性，導致這類案件不易被察覺和報告。本研究旨在了解臺灣人目睹父親受暴的經驗，為此使用半結構式訪談法，以曾經目睹父親遭受親密伴侶暴力的成年者為研究對象，我們分析參與者目睹家暴的經驗、感受和情緒，並探討了參與者認為這些事件對家庭成員的影響，同時詢問了參與者對如何預防親密伴侶暴力的看法。此外，我們還特別詢問了參與者是否有目睹不實指控的經驗。研究發現，家暴發生背景主要包括「時代觀念的不同」、「缺乏有效溝通」以及「母親個性和心理問題」。對父親的影響主要表現為壓抑的情緒；母親則有不同的反應，如感到孤獨或積極的幫助相同經歷的人；參與者自身也受到了各種影響，包括對婚姻持負面看法、麻木、對他人情緒敏感、複製暴力、影響人際、產生自殺念頭，以及意識到要改變等。此外，許多參與者也提到母親對父親的不實指控，其他包括誇大指控或虛偽指控。本研究探討了父親受暴的過程，為未來進一步研究父親受暴提供了重要依據。

For a long time, domestic violence (DV) has been a serious social issue, with its impact on children who witness it varying widely in severity and scope. Previous research has predominantly focused on violence between spouses, known as intimate partner violence (IPV), particularly male-perpetrated violence against females, and has found detrimental effects on the psychological well-being of witnesses. However, in Taiwan, reported cases of paternal victimization have been steadily increasing, yet there is a lack of comprehensive research addressing this issue. This is largely due to societal and cultural factors, as well as the unique nature of male victimization, which make such cases less visible and reported. This study aims to explore the experiences of Taiwanese individuals who have witnessed paternal victimization. Using a semi-structured interview approach, adults who have witnessed paternal abuse were interviewed to analyze their experiences, feelings, and emotions regarding the abuse, as well as the perceived impact on family members. Additionally, participants were asked about their perspectives on preventing intimate partner violence. Furthermore, participants were specifically asked whether they had witnessed false accusations. The study found that the triggers of violence towards fathers primarily included differences in values and attitudes, lack of effective communication, and maternal personality and psychological issues. The impact on fathers included suppressed emotions, while mothers exhibited varied responses, from feelings of loneliness to actively helping others who have had similar experiences. Participants who witnessed paternal abuse reported to have experienced various effects, including negative views on marriage, numbness, sensitivity to others' emotions, replication of violence, interpersonal difficulties, suicidal ideation, and recognition of the need for change. Additionally, several participants mentioned mothers making false accusations against fathers, that were of exaggeration or fabrication in nature. This study explored the process of paternal victimization and provides important insights for future research in this area.