足壓感測結合壓電能量擷取於步態分析工具開發

Abstract

本研究致力於開發步態分析工具，並結合壓電能量擷取系統，在獲取數據的同時也能夠進行發電並回授電能給自身以達到自主供電的功能。為了要能夠開發一個客制化的智慧鞋墊，會需要製造出任一尺寸與形狀的鞋底，由於成本關係，對於原型開發無法使用3d列印機列印所需尺寸的軟材鞋底，因此必須透過真空成形機壓印母模，再進行矽橡膠灌模，以得到想要尺寸的矽橡膠鞋底。 由於本研究使用一個專門為走路設計的能量擷取器，因此必須以能量箱的形式，類似將其當成一個埋入式感測器，放置於矽橡膠鞋底內部，在走路的同時進行能量擷取同時提供電壓數據。除了能量箱以外，也會在鞋底上面放置市售的智慧鞋墊MP2513，以提供足底壓力數據，並利用此足底壓力數據搭配空間統計理論顆粒晶(Kriging)與卡門濾波(Kalman Filter)尋找與驗證腳部施力最大點為何，並透過此施力最大點以及磁力實驗，設計並製做出初代能量箱與其所搭配的鞋底。 透過初代能量箱進行數據蒐集，並且在知道初代能量箱容易因為磁力過強導致能量箱內部磁鐵相撞而無法正常運作後，對其進行修正，重新進行磁力實驗以後，並製做出第二代能量箱，以修正第一代能量箱的問題。確認第二代能量箱能夠正常運作以後，便開始對第二代能量箱不斷進行磁鐵距離嘗試與更改的實驗，由此得到兩磁鐵距離為何時會有最好的發電結果。 確定好能量箱內部所有磁鐵的距離後，即開始對三位受試者A、B、C進行足壓量測實驗，同時量測能量箱之數據，並針對三位受試者的數據進行比較與分析，以區別出不同步態可能會有的特性。最後再透過商用模擬軟體Abaqus進行模擬補上目前實驗尚未成功的磁鐵球實驗方案並比較其結果之趨勢是否與上方磁鐵相似。

This study dedicates to develop a gait analysis tool，which combines with piezoelectric energy harvesting, to get data from it and also generates power itself. For developing a customized smart insole, we need to have the ability to make a sole that can have any size we want. For the reason of cost, we cannot use just only 3d printer to make our insole with the size we want, we can only use vacuum forming machine to make cavity plate first and then make the sole by filling the mold. Owing to our study will use a special energy harvester that is used for walking monitor, we need to use an energy box to hide all of the energy harvester inside it, and also use the energy box as an embedded sensor inside the sole to get voltage data while generating power. Besides energy box, we also put an commercial smart insole MP2513 on the sole that obtained get data by gait pressure, To utilize data of gait pressure, we use spatial statistics to obtained Kriging and Kalman Filter to find where the maximum force designed for the first energy box that matches with this maximum point. After getting data from the first energy box, we also found out that the first energy box is easy to be broken due to its strong magnet force. When finishing the new magnet experiment, we modified as second energy box and make sure it can be used successfully to get the maximum output voltage after adjusting the distance of upper magnet and center magnet. Three research subjects were to measure gait pressure and also determined the energy box’s data. By analyzing those data, the dynamic characteristics find out according to their gait. Finally, we also used commercial simulating software, Abaqus to simulate the electromechanical transferring effect to generate from magnetic ball whether it is similar to the effect of upper magnet.