航空公司生態系建構策略之研究

Abstract

全球經濟整合加速推動航空運輸市場朝著全球一體化方向發展，活躍的金融市場讓航空公司能夠更靈活地經營，使得全球航空公司、機場與空中交通管制單位的私有化比例明顯增加。同時，美國政府成功實施了簡化航空運輸管理政策，對全球航空運輸業產生積極影響，航空公司之間的合作與聯盟關係不斷加強，造就全球三大航空聯盟日益茁壯，且低成本航空公司營運模式也迅速發展，對全球航空運輸業營運管理帶來衝擊與變革。 本研究整合商業生態系統理論與航空產業經營模式，以文獻回顧與個案分析作為研究方法，針對台灣國籍航空公司以傳統航空公司或低成本航空公司營運模式之差異，並以不同營運模式之航空公司作為個案，分析不同航空公司間之經營模式與運輸服務，了解航空運輸產業鏈與其上下游之關係，據以建構不同之航空公司生態系，期使航空公司管理者可依航空公司不同之營運模式，建構屬於自身營運模式之航空生態系，以提升航空公司營運績效與競爭力。

Global economic integration is accelerating the development of the aviation transportation market towards global integration. The active financial markets allow airlines to operate more flexibly, leading to a noticeable increase in the privatization of global airline, airports, and air traffic control units. At the same time, the US government has simplified the aviation transportation management policies effectively which made a positive impact on the global aviation industry. The strengthening collaboration and alliance relationships among airlines foster the growth of the world's three major airline alliances. Additionally, the operational model of low-cost airlines has transformative changed the transportation industry as well as global aviation operational management. This study integrates the concept of business ecosystem and the operational models of the aviation industry by utilizing literature review and case analysis as research methods, focusing on the different operational models between Taiwan traditional airlines and low-cost airlines. Taking different airlines’ operational models and transportation service as example, aiming to analyze the connections between upstream and downstream. Airlines management enable to customize Airline ecosystems, it could be developed to enhance airlines’ competitiveness and to improve operational performance.