泡棉滾筒對男子健美運動員胸椎活動度與形體表現之研究

Abstract

健美運動是著重肌肉外觀的競技運動。參與男子形體項目的健美運動員，除了關注肌肉發展，還必須講究身體線條在舞台上的姿勢呈現。如需取得競賽中的優勢，側面站姿所展現之V型體態固然重要。其姿勢的擺位取決於軀幹扭轉程度，尤其胸椎關節旋轉的可動範圍。由於健美運動員通常僅著重於肌肉發展的訓練，這可能導致肌肉緊繃與關節活動度受限，進而影響運動表現，甚至健康。目前已知泡棉滾筒具增加軀幹活動度的效果，並對胸腰筋膜活動度有一定程度的改善。因此，本研究目的為以泡棉滾筒放鬆作為介入，並探討其對男子健美運動員胸椎旋轉活動度的影響，並期望對形體的側面姿勢擺位有一定程度的改善。方法：招募16位20至30歲生理男性健美運動員，將其分為兩組，分別為泡棉滾筒組和控制組。泡棉滾筒組以泡棉滾筒放鬆胸椎段豎脊肌群及闊背肌的方式介入，而控制組則在前後測間採取休息姿勢。研究在介入前後分別測量參與者的胸椎旋轉活動角度及形體側面姿勢評分。數據利用成對樣本T檢定及獨立樣本T檢定進行分析，分析介入前、後之組內及兩組間的數據結果變化，並透過皮爾森積差相關性分析探討胸椎旋轉角度與形體側面姿勢表現的相關性。結果：在胸椎旋轉角度的改善上，泡棉滾筒組有顯著提升，兩側平均增加6.1±1.8度，而控制組幾乎無變化，僅增加0.2±0.6度。此外，在形體側面姿勢表現上，泡棉滾筒組也顯著提高，平均增加13.3±7.0分，而控制組的變化量為0.0±1.6分，顯示泡棉滾筒介入對姿勢表現的提升效果明顯。相關性分析顯示，胸椎旋轉角度的改善與形體側面姿勢表現之間存在強正相關 (r=0.83, p<0.001)，這意味著胸椎旋轉角度的增加有助於改善男子形體側面姿勢的表現。結論：本研究顯示，泡棉滾筒介入對男子健美運動員的胸椎旋轉角度與形體側面姿勢表現均產生正面影響。然而，由於研究對象與介入部位、放鬆手法的不同，仍存在進一步探討這些變因影響的空間。

Bodybuilding focusing on muscle appearance as a competitive sport. Bodybuilders participating in men’s physique competitions need to focus not only on muscle development but also on the presentation of body postures. To gain advantages during competitions, the V-shaped physique displayed in side poses is crucial. However, the positioning of these poses depends on the trunk mobility, which is influenced by the range of motion in the rotation of thoracic spine. Due to the fact that bodybuilders usually focus solely on muscle development, this may lead to muscle tightness and restricted joint mobility, thereby affecting performance and even health. Foam rolling is currently known to increase trunk mobility and improve thoracolumbar fascia mobility to some extent. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of foam rolling on thoracic rotation mobility in male bodybuilders, with the expectation of improving side poses positioning. Methods: Sixteen male bodybuilders aged 20 to 30 were recruited and divided into two groups: the foam rolling group and the control group. The foam rolling group used foam rolling to relax the thoracic erector spinae and latissimus dorsi, while the control group adopted a resting posture between pre- and post-tests. The study measured participants' thoracic rotation angles and side poses scores before and after the intervention. Data were analyzed using paired sample t-tests and independent sample t-tests to examine the changes within and between groups before and after the intervention. Pearson correlation analysis was conducted to explore the relationship between thoracic rotation angles and lateral pose performance. Results: The foam rolling group showed significant improvement in thoracic rotation angles, with an average increase of 6.1±1.8 degrees on both sides, while the control group showed almost no change, with an increase of only 0.2±0.6 degrees. Additionally, the foam rolling group also showed a significant improvement in side poses scores, with an average increase of 13.3±7.0 points, compared to no change (0.0±1.6 points) in the control group, indicating the positive effect of foam rolling on pose performance. Correlation analysis revealed a strong positive correlation between the improvement in thoracic rotation angles and side poses performance (r=0.83, p<0.001), suggesting that increased thoracic rotation angles contribute to better side poses performance in male bodybuilders. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that foam rolling intervention positively affects thoracic rotation mobility and side poses performance in male bodybuilders. However, due to differences in study subjects, intervention areas, and relaxation techniques, further research is needed to explore the impact of these variables.