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標題: | 番椒細胞質雄不稔系統穩定性之研究 The Stability for Cytoplasmic Male Sterile in Pepper |
作者: | Miao-Jen Yin 鄞妙真 |
指導教授: | 林宗賢(Tzong-Shyan Lin) |
共同指導教授: | 楊雯如(Wen-Ju Yang) |
關鍵字: | 花藥分化,atp6,番椒,細胞質雄不稔,小配子發生,orf 456,溫度, anther differentiation,atp6,Capsicum annuum L.,cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS),microgametogenesis,orf 456,temperature, |
出版年 : | 2009 |
學位: | 碩士 |
摘要: | 摘要
細胞質雄不稔 (cytoplasmic male sterility, CMS) 由細胞質與細胞核之間的交互作用所控制,但某些雄不稔番椒品系並非可以一直維持其雄不稔性,植株受低溫影響會部分跟完全恢復稔性,當溫度升高則植株會再回復雄不稔性。本試驗的目的為確認所收集的番椒品系之遺傳背景、溫度及季節變化對雄不稔系之影響、以及穩定與不穩定雄不稔系之解剖之差異。 所有參試雄不稔番椒品系可藉由引子組,分別擴增出預期之(S)ψatp6-2片段,而其辣椒維持系則無法擴增出預期產物;針對分子標記orf456亦有相似的結果。上述結果可顯示所有參試雄不稔番椒之細胞質均含有(S) ψatp6-2 與orf456,而該辣椒維持系因具N型細胞質,故不會帶有(S) ψatp6-2 與orf456。然而,不穩定雄不稔甜椒之維持系‘PBC 84 selex’ 與‘9946-2138’,可由CMS P1 或CMS P2 引子組擴增出orf456片段,表示在特定的維持系中,其細胞質之遺傳背景可能較複雜且異於其他維持系。 不穩定雄不稔辣椒系‘CCA 7243’,於溫室與田間之夜溫低於21oC可恢復稔性,且於20/15oC之人工氣候室內也有恢復稔性之現象;夜溫低於21 oC或17 oC,另一不穩定雄不稔甜椒系‘CCA 7236’可恢復稔性,但日溫低於18oC時,則該植株不易恢復稔性。此外,不穩定雄不稔系之稔性恢復並非持續表現,而是呈現規律週期。兩不穩定雄不稔系夜溫升高時均會回復雄不稔。雄不稔系‘CCA 7244’與‘CCA 7234’於一段長時間的低夜溫環境下,仍幾乎維持其雄不稔性。 不穩定雄不稔系‘CCA 7243’於高溫下表現雄不稔性,其絨氈層細胞之異常極不同於穩定雄不稔系‘CCA 7244’之絨氈層。‘CCA 7243’之花藥腔室於四分子體形成時會增大,或者不會;相較於‘CCA 7244’,其花藥腔室於該時期不會擴大。隨著小孢子細胞發育期間,‘CCA 7243’之絨氈層為濃稠的細胞質或具有一液泡於細胞質中,相較於‘CCA 7244’之絨氈層僅呈現液泡化;此外,絨氈層細胞瓦解之時間點難以辨識,但兩品系之絨氈層細胞最終會消逝。由上述解剖結果顯示,不穩定雄不稔系之遺傳調控可能較為複雜。雄不稔不穩定系‘CCA7243’之花藥恢復稔性,表示其發育構造上與維持系‘PBC 385’無異。 Abstract Cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) is the result of interaction between cytoplasm and nuclear genes. The sterility of the CMS pepper lines was not always stable. Some of them might restore their fertility partially or completely due to low temperature, and such restoration could be resumed as temperature re-elevate. The objective of this thesis is to study the genetic background of collected pepper lines, the influences of temperature and seasonal changes on CMS pepper lines, and the anatomy difference between stable and unstable CMS line. All CMS pepper lines could generate predicted a (S)ψatp6-2 fragment by primer sets, while their maintainer lines couldn’t produce the predicted products, and similar results were obtained for orf456 fragment. These results revealed that the cytoplasms of all the CMS pepper lines contained (S)ψatp6-2 and orf456, and their maintainers of hot pepper lines, with N cytoplasm, didn’t have such defectedψatp6-2 and orf456. Surprisingly, ‘PBC 84 selex’ and ‘9946-2138’, maintainer lines of unstable CMS sweet pepper, could generate orf456 fragment by CMS P1 or CMS P2 primer sets, representing that the genetic background of cytoplasm in specific maintainers might be more complicated and different from other maintainers. Unstable CMS hot pepper line ‘CCA 7243’ could restore fertility in the greenhouse and in the field while the night temperature was below 21 oC, and also could restore in the 20/15 oC phytotron. Plants of unstable CMS sweet pepper line ‘CCA 7236’ restored fertility while night temperature was below 21oC or 17 oC, but plants hardly restored while day temperature below 18 oC. Besides, the fertility restoration of unstable CMS lines showed as a regular cycle, not always steady expressed. When night temperature went higher, both lines were reverted male sterile. Both CMS line ‘CCA 7244’ and ‘CCA 7234’ almost expressed male sterile even under a long period of lower night temperature. As unstable CMS line ‘CCA7243’ expressed sterility under high temperature, abnormalities in tapetum cells were very different from the results of stable CMS line ‘CCA7244’. While tetrads formed, locule in ‘CCA 7243’ may or may not increase in size as compared with locular space did not increase in ‘CCA 7244’. As microspores development, the appearance of tapetum in ‘CCA 7243’ with dense cytoplasm or containing a vacuole was different from vacuolated tapetum in ‘CCA 7244’, and timing of tapetum cells degeneration was hardly identified, but tapetum cells in both lines were gone at the end. These anatomical data revealed that the genetic control might be more complicated in unstable CMS line. As the anthers of ‘CCA7243’ resumed the fertility, there was no difference between ‘CCA7243’ and its maintainer ‘PBC 385’ anatomically. |
URI: | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/9394 |
全文授權: | 同意授權(全球公開) |
顯示於系所單位: | 園藝暨景觀學系 |
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