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| DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
|---|---|---|
| dc.contributor.advisor | 林璧鳳 | zh_TW |
| dc.contributor.advisor | Bi-Fong Lin | en |
| dc.contributor.author | 邱雅靖 | zh_TW |
| dc.contributor.author | Ya-Ching Chiu | en |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2024-08-07T17:14:47Z | - |
| dc.date.available | 2024-08-08 | - |
| dc.date.copyright | 2024-08-07 | - |
| dc.date.issued | 2024 | - |
| dc.date.submitted | 2024-08-01 | - |
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Mild hyperhomocysteinemia induced by feeding rats diets rich in methionine or deficient in folate promotes early atherosclerotic inflammatory processes. The Journal of Nutrition, 134(4), 825-830. doi: 10.1093/jn/134.4.825 Zhang WR, & Parikh CR. (2019). Biomarkers of acute and chronic kidney disease. Annual Review of Physiology, 81(1), 309-333. doi: 10.1146/annurev-physiol-020518-114605 | - |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/93771 | - |
| dc.description.abstract | 國人末期腎臟病的盛行率是世界第一，且罹患率逐年上升。現代生活型態的外食比例高，傾向高油脂、含糖飲料與少蔬果的攝食習慣，易導致肥胖與葉酸攝取不足。本研究室先前研究指出，葉酸缺乏會促進高油高果糖飲食小鼠的發炎介質分泌，進而加劇慢性腎病變。因此，本研究欲探討葉酸不足與果糖對腺嘌呤誘發腎損傷小鼠的免疫反應之影響。
實驗一以 7 週齡 C57BL/6 小鼠分 4 組：正常飼料組 (Ctrl)、高果糖組 (Hfru(ade))、高果糖+腺嘌呤組(Hfru+ade)、高果糖葉酸不足+腺嘌呤組 (Hfru-f+ade)。22 週齡時，以 0.1% (w/w) 腺嘌呤加入飼料誘發小鼠腎損傷共 22 週。44 週齡時犧牲小鼠，分析相關指標。結果顯示，腺嘌呤誘發組 (+ade) 的免疫細胞浸潤、腎纖維化面積、腎臟 MCP-1 和TGF-β 的含量，均顯著較 Ctrl 組高，確認腺嘌呤誘發腎損傷和腎炎。Hfru(ade) 組比 Ctrl 組腎臟有顯著較高的 MCP-1 和 TGF-β、顯著較低的 IL-10，顯示高果糖可能不利於腎發炎的調控。Hfru-f+ade 組脾臟細胞 TNF-α、IL-6、IL-2 的分泌量顯著高於 Hfru+ade 組。此外，脾臟 IL-2 與腎臟 MCP-1、TGF-β 呈正相關，腎臟 MCP-1 與 TGF-β亦呈正相關，可能葉酸不足使 T 細胞出現代償性反應，促進脾臟 IL-2 分泌，增加腎臟促發炎 MCP-1 分泌並促進具抗發炎功能的 TGF-β 分泌，然而，過多的 TGF-β 則促進腎臟走向纖維化。 實驗二以 8 週齡 C57BL/6 小鼠分 6 組： Ctrl、Hfru、Ctrl +ade、Hfru+ade、高果糖低葉酸+腺嘌呤組 (Hfru-f+ade)、高果糖葉酸補充+腺嘌呤組 (Hfru+f10+ade)。18 週齡時，以 0.1~0.2% (w/w) 腺嘌呤誘發小鼠腎損傷共 7 週，於 25 週齡時犧牲小鼠，分析相關指標。結果顯示，腺嘌呤誘發組 (+ade) 的免疫細胞浸潤、腎纖維化面積、腎臟 MCP-1 和 TGF-β 的含量，均顯著較 Ctrl 組高，確認腺嘌呤誘發腎損傷和腎炎。Hfru 組與 Ctrl 組的腎臟和脾臟細胞激素分泌量均無顯著差異，可能是餵予高果糖飲食的時間不夠久所導致。Ctrl+ade 組比 Ctrl 組腎臟有顯著較高的 MCP-1、IL-6 和 TGF-β、顯著較低的IL-1β 和 IL-10，顯示腺嘌呤會促進腎臟發炎，降低抗發炎能力，導致腎臟纖維化。Hfru-f+ade 組脾臟重量和細胞數目為組間最低，TNF-α、IL-6、IL-10、IFN-γ 和 IL-2分泌量均低於 Hfru+ade 組，顯示較高劑量的腺嘌呤可能會降低攝取低葉酸飲食小鼠的免疫反應。Hfru+f10+ade 組比 Hfru+ade 組腎臟有顯著較低MCP-1、趨勢性較低 TNF-α、趨勢性較高 IL-6和IL-10，顯示葉酸補充有利於抗發炎細胞激素的分泌和調控發炎反應。 綜合上述結果，葉酸不足可能使體內處於較高的發炎傾向，在誘發腎損傷下更易引起腎臟發炎和纖維化，加劇小鼠腎損傷。 | zh_TW |
| dc.description.abstract | Taiwan has the highest global prevalence of end-stage renal disease (ESRD), with an increasing incidence annually. Western diet and sweetened beverages may result in obesity and inadequate folate intake. Previous studies have demonstrated that folate deficiency promotes the secretion of inflammatory mediators and exacerbates chronic nephropathy in high-fat high-fructose diet-fed mice. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the effects of fructose and folate on immune response in adenine-induced kidney injury murine model.
In experiment 1, 7-week-old C57BL/6 mice were divided into four groups: AIN-93 diet (Ctrl), high-fructose diet (Hfru(ade)), Hfru with adenine (Hfru+ade), Hfru+ade with 0.2 mg/kg folate (Hfru-f+ade). Mice were treated with 0.1% (w/w) adenine on 22-week-old to induce kidney injury, and were sacrificed on 44-week-old. Adenine-induced groups significantly increased immune cell infiltration, renal fibrosis area, the secretion of renal MCP-1 and TGF-β compared to Ctrl, confirming adenine-induced kidney injury and nephritis. Hfru(ade) group showed significantly increased secretion of renal MCP-1 and TGF-β, but decreased IL-10 level, indicating high fructose is detrimental to renal inflammation regulation. Hfru-f+ade group increased secretion of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-2 in splenocytes compared to Hfru+ade. In addition, splenic IL-2 level was positively correlated with renal MCP-1 and TGF-β, while renal TGF-β level was positively correlated with MCP-1. It shows that folate insufficiency triggers a compensatory T cell response, resulting in secretion of IL-2 in the spleen and pro-inflammatory MCP-1 in the kidney, and promoting the secretion of TGF-β. However, excessive TGF-β can lead to renal fibrosis. In experiment 2, 8-week-old C57BL/6 mice were divided into six groups: Ctrl, Hfru, Ctrl+ade, Hfru+ade, Hfru+ade with 0.2 mg/kg folate (Hfru-f+ade), Hfru+ade with 20 mg/kg folate (Hfru+f10+ade). Mice were treated with 0.1%-0.2% (w/w) adenine on 18-week-old and were sacrificed on 25-week-old. Adenine-induced groups significantly increased immune cell infiltration, renal fibrosis area, the secretion of renal MCP-1 and TGF-β compared to Ctrl, confirming adenine-induced kidney injury and nephritis. The Hfru group did not significantly differ from Ctrl, possibly due to insufficient duration. Ctrl+ade group showed increased secretion of renal MCP-1, IL-6 and TGF-β, but decreased IL-1β and IL-10 levels to Ctrl group, indicating that adenine can promote kidney inflammation and reduce anti-inflammatory ability, further leading to renal fibrosis. The spleen weight and cell number of the mice in Hfru-f+ade group were the lowest among the groups, and the secretion of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10, IFN-γ and IL-2 were all lower than those in the Hfru+ade group, showing higher doses of adenine may reduce immune responses in mice fed a low-folate diet. Compared with Hfru+ade group, Hfru+f10+ade group had lower MCP-1, trending lower TNF-α, and higher IL-6 and IL-10, indicating folate supplement stimulates anti-inflammatory cytokine secretion to regulate inflammatory responses. Based on the above results, folate insufficiency may predispose to a pro-inflammatory state, and enhance renal inflammation and fibrosis during kidney injury, thereby worsening kidney damage in mice. | en |
| dc.description.provenance | Submitted by admin ntu (admin@lib.ntu.edu.tw) on 2024-08-07T17:14:47Z No. of bitstreams: 0 | en |
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| dc.description.tableofcontents | 口試委員會審定書 i
謝辭 ii 摘要 iii Abstract v 目次 I 圖次 IV 表次 V 縮寫對照表 VI 第一章 文獻回顧 1 第一節 葉酸 1 一、葉酸簡介 1 二、葉酸的吸收與代謝 2 三、葉酸的生理功能 2 四、葉酸與疾病 4 五、葉酸與免疫反應 6 六、葉酸營養狀況 7 第二節 果糖 8 一、果糖簡介 8 二、果糖吸收與代謝 8 三、果糖與疾病 9 四、果糖與免疫反應 11 第三節 腎臟 12 一、腎臟構造與功能 12 二、腎臟疾病 13 三、腎臟發炎反應 15 四、腎臟相關細胞激素 16 第四節 腺嘌呤誘發腎損傷動物模式 20 一、腎損傷動物模式 20 二、腺嘌呤誘發腎損傷模式之建立 21 三、腺嘌呤誘發腎損傷模式之應用 22 四、2,8-DHA 晶體與發炎反應 22 第五節 研究動機與目的 23 第二章 實驗設計與材料方法 25 第一節 實驗設計 25 一、實驗一：葉酸不足對腺嘌呤誘發腎損傷小鼠免疫反應的影響 25 二、實驗二：葉酸與果糖對腺嘌呤誘發腎損傷小鼠免疫反應的影響 25 第二節 動物飼養 26 一、建立腺嘌呤誘發腎損傷小鼠模式 26 第三節 實驗方法 29 一、血清 29 (一) 採集方法 29 (二) 血清葉酸濃度測定 29 (三) 血液尿素氮測定 30 二、尿液 31 (一) 採集方法 31 (二) 尿液肌酸酐測定 31 (三) 尿蛋白測定 31 三、腎臟 32 (一) 腎臟組織均質 32 (二) 腎臟組織蛋白質含量測定 32 (三) 腎臟細胞激素含量分析 33 (四) 腎臟 mRNA 表現量分析 35 (五) 腎臟組織切片染色 38 四、脾臟 38 (一) 脾臟淋巴細胞分離與培養 38 (二) 免疫細胞表型分析 40 (三) 脾臟細胞激素含量分析 42 五、肝臟 42 (一) 肝臟組織均質 42 (二) 肝臟葉酸含量測定 43 第四節、統計分析 44 第三章 實驗結果 45 第一節 葉酸不足對腺嘌呤誘發腎損傷小鼠之免疫反應影響 45 一、葉酸不足與腺嘌呤對小鼠生長、腎功能及血清葉酸濃度之影響 45 (一) 因體重劇降及血清 BUN 未增而調整飲食及腺嘌呤劑量 45 (二) 攝食熱量及血清葉酸含量 47 (三) 飲水量 48 (四) 組織器官重 49 二、葉酸不足與腺嘌呤對小鼠腎臟之影響 50 (一) 腎臟外觀顏色及剖面圖 50 (二) 腎臟 H&E 染色 51 (三) 腎臟纖維化程度 52 三、葉酸不足對腎損傷小鼠之腎臟免疫反應影響 53 四、葉酸不足對腎損傷小鼠之脾臟免疫反應影響 54 五、葉酸不足對腎損傷小鼠之脾臟 IL-2 與腎臟細胞激素含量之相關性 57 第二節 葉酸與果糖對腺嘌呤誘發腎損傷小鼠之免疫反應影響 58 一、葉酸與果糖對腺嘌呤誘發小鼠生長、葉酸濃度及腎功能之影響 58 (一) 因體重劇降而調整飲食及腺嘌呤劑量 58 (二) 低葉酸或葉酸補充對小鼠肝臟重量及葉酸含量之影響 61 (三) 組織器官重 63 二、葉酸與果糖對腎損傷小鼠之脾臟免疫反應影響 64 (一) 脾臟調節型 T 細胞 64 (二) 脾臟細胞激素含量 65 三、葉酸與果糖對腎損傷小鼠腎臟之影響 68 (一) 腎臟外觀顏色 68 (二) 葉酸與果糖對腎損傷小鼠之腎臟免疫反應影響 69 (三) 腎臟 H&E 染色結果 71 (四) 腎臟纖維化基因表現量 72 (五) 腎臟纖維化程度 73 第四章 綜合討論與結論 75 第一節 綜合討論 75 一、葉酸營養狀況對小鼠血清及肝臟葉酸含量的影響 75 二、葉酸不足降低小鼠體重及攝食量的可能原因 76 三、腺嘌呤降低小鼠體重及攝食量的可能原因 76 四、以腺嘌呤誘發小鼠腎損傷的可行性 77 五、高果糖飲食是否會引起小鼠肥胖 78 六、腎臟 TGF-β 分泌量與纖維化基因表現量的關係 79 七、葉酸與果糖對腺嘌呤誘發腎損傷小鼠的腎臟細胞激素分泌量之影響 80 八、葉酸與果糖對腺嘌呤誘發腎損傷小鼠的脾臟細胞激素分泌量之影響 83 九、小鼠犧牲指標之選用 85 第二節 結論 87 參考文獻 89 | - |
| dc.language.iso | zh_TW | - |
| dc.subject | 果糖 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 葉酸 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 免疫反應 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 腎損傷 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 腺嘌呤 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | adenine | en |
| dc.subject | kidney injury | en |
| dc.subject | immune response | en |
| dc.subject | fructose | en |
| dc.subject | folate | en |
| dc.title | 葉酸與果糖對腺嘌呤誘發腎損傷小鼠免疫反應的影響 | zh_TW |
| dc.title | Effects of folate and fructose on immune response in adenine-induced kidney injury murine model | en |
| dc.type | Thesis | - |
| dc.date.schoolyear | 112-2 | - |
| dc.description.degree | 碩士 | - |
| dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 江孟燦;許瑞芬;謝佳倩;洪永瀚 | zh_TW |
| dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | Meng-Tsan Chiang;Rwei-Fen S. Huang;Chia-Chien Hsieh;Yong-Han Hong | en |
| dc.subject.keyword | 葉酸,果糖,腺嘌呤,腎損傷,免疫反應, | zh_TW |
| dc.subject.keyword | folate,fructose,adenine,kidney injury,immune response, | en |
| dc.relation.page | 101 | - |
| dc.identifier.doi | 10.6342/NTU202402698 | - |
| dc.rights.note | 未授權 | - |
| dc.date.accepted | 2024-08-05 | - |
| dc.contributor.author-college | 生命科學院 | - |
| dc.contributor.author-dept | 生化科技學系 | - |
| 顯示於系所單位： | 生化科技學系 | |
文件中的檔案：
| 檔案 | 大小 | 格式 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| ntu-112-2.pdf 未授權公開取用 | 11.15 MB | Adobe PDF |
系統中的文件，除了特別指名其著作權條款之外，均受到著作權保護，並且保留所有的權利。