台灣中小型企業在汽車動力電子產業價值創新與競爭策略-以A公司為例

Abstract

汽車電子化已成為各全球各車廠在發展的競爭要件與焦點，汽車電子產品因創新技術的成熟及關鍵零組件成本不斷降低，使得汽車搭載電子產品的比例逐年增加造就未來車電產業蓬勃發展的景象。面對此波的發展趨勢，無論是國際汽車廠，汽車零組件廠或消費性電子大廠，均加入汽車電子技術創新應用的行列，希望以創新技術與產品差異性，創造產品附加價值，來提升競爭力。 根據工研院IEK統計，2022 年全球汽車電子市場規模預估將達2,949 億美元，2030年更上看8,000 億美元以上，預估2030 年車電成本占整車比重將超過一半，汽車電子系統價值持續上升。再加上車廠對節能、安全的日益要求、消費者對舒適、對資訊娛樂的需求亦促進電動車、無人駕駛等的崛起。這將大大地刺激對汽車電子未來的成長，而隨著傳統 3C電子產業的成長逐漸趨緩與飽和之際，汽車的電子化已成為對電子零組件需求增加最快的一個產業。 台灣汽車電子產品發展現況，在內需市場小，技術能力差距大等劣勢條件下，且汽車電子對技術、品質要求較一般電子高出甚多且進入門檻高，需要很冗長的開發與投資，一直是造成台灣企業不願進入的主因。在2021年，汽車晶片在疫情期間出現短缺，讓全世界突然意識到車用半導體的重要性，作為全世界最重要的半導體設計與製造基地之一，台灣擁有完整的導體產業聚落優勢，可以及時為全球汽車產業提供必要的支援與服務。台灣汽車電子產業要如何面向全球發展的趨勢，創造屬於台灣汽車電子產業品的利基產品與市場，成為另一令人矚目之第4C 產業（Car），將是產業發展的關鍵。因此要如何跨足車輛電子，是台灣科技產業中目前熱門的話題之一。

For a long time, the automobile industry has played an important supporting role in economic growth of major automobile producing countries, with an annual growth compound rate (GAGR) of 5%~10% and stable growth. Cars have always provided a means of personal safety and comfort and freedom. However, with the vigorous development of advanced information and electronic technology in vehicles, automotive electronic products have become the most important driving force for automobiles to improve performance, efficiency, safety, and entertainment functions by quickly replacing traditional machinery-based auto parts, making automobiles more and more humanized and intelligent. Due to the maturity of innovative technology and the continuous reduction of the cost of key electronic components, the proportion of electronic products equipped with automobiles has increased year by year, creating a vigorous development of the automotive electronics industry in the future. In the face of this wave of development trends, whether it is international automobile factories, automotive component factories or consumer electronics manufacturers, they have joined the ranks of automotive electronics technology innovation and application, hoping to create product added value with innovative technology and product differentiation to enhance competitiveness. According to ITRI IEK statistics, the global automotive electronics market is estimated to reach US$294.9 billion in 2022 and more than US$800 billion in 2030. In addition, the increasing demand for energy efficiency and safety from car manufacturers, as well as consumers' demand for comfort and infotainment, have also contributed to the rise of electric vehicles and autonomous driving. This will greatly stimulate the future growth of automotive electronics, and with the growth of the traditional 3C electronics industry gradually slowing down and saturation, the electronic vehicle has become the fastest growing demand for electronic components. The current situation of the development of Taiwan's automotive electronic products, under the disadvantages of a small domestic demand market and a large gap in technical capabilities, and the technical and quality requirements of automotive electronics are much higher than those of general electronics and the entry threshold is high, requiring very lengthy development and huge investment, which has always been the main reason why Taiwanese enterprises are reluctant to enter the market. In 2021, the shortage of automotive chips during the epidemic made the world suddenly realize the importance of automotive semiconductors, as one of the world's most important semiconductor design and manufacturing bases, Taiwan has the advantage of a complete conductor industry settlement, which can provide necessary support and services for the global automotive industry in a timely manner. How Taiwan's automotive electronics industry can face the trend of global development, create niche products and markets belonging to Taiwan's automotive electronics industry, and become another eye-catching 4C industry (Car) will be the key to industrial development. Therefore, how to step into vehicle electronics is one of the hot topics in Taiwan's technology industry.