競技自由潛水運動員經驗探究：身體感與身體療癒

Abstract

當代心理相關研究著重在身心平衡的壓力調適，並開始嘗試非一般大眾熟悉的談話型心理療癒，有不少理論與治療方式透過身體作為核心，透過身體的感官覺察與變化，帶來直接或間接性的療癒。本研究聚焦在身體感的探索，以及身體療癒生發的可能樣貌。回顧文獻可發現，身體感不若一般的身體覺察所認知單純來自感官的訊號，更有語言和文化的脈絡在其當中。而競技自由潛水員對於身體感覺的覺察注重，可為當代的臨床心理研究帶來更貼近身體療癒的視角。本研究採取現象學心理學方法（李維倫、賴憶嫻，2009），立意取樣六位經驗豐富的自由潛水員，進行1 – 2 次的深度訪談，期待能透過現象還原的視角，讓身體療癒的樣態呈顯。研究結果對自由潛水員的異質經驗進行綜合探討，發現（一）身體感的比對相照：對比與強弱；（二）水的身體人文空間樣態：時空的疊加；（三）身體感的追尋：生命的缺的重現；（四）身體療癒的生發：生活中的桃花源；（五）不用表達的療癒：共在／共正；（六）水的療癒：浸與靜／淨。奠基於以上的研究結果，期待為身體療癒帶來更多的理解。

Contemporary psychological research focuses on stress adaptation related to mind-body balance and has begun exploring non-mainstream therapeutic approaches beyond traditional talk therapy. Many theories and treatment methods center on the body, using sensory awareness and bodily changes to bring about direct or indirect healing of the body. This study focuses on exploring bodily sensations and the potential various forms of healing of the body. A literature review reveals that bodily sensations are not merely sensory signals but also encompass linguistic and cultural contexts. Competitive freedivers' attention to bodily sensations can offer contemporary clinical psychological research a perspective more attuned to the healing of the body. This study employs the phenomenological psychology method (Lee & Lai, 2009) and includes in-depth interviews with six experienced freedivers, each interviewed 1-2 times. The goal is to present the forms of healing of the body through a bracketed perspective. The study comprehensively examines the heterogeneous experience of freedivers, revealing: (1) the comparison and reflection of bodily sensations; (2) the forms of bodily humanistic spatiality and temporality; (3) the pursuit of bodily senses: the reappearance of life's deficiencies; (4) the emergence of healing of the body: the utopia in everyday life; (5) Healing of the unclaimed experiences; (6) Healing of water: immersion and calmness/purification. Based on these findings, the study is expected to enrich understanding of the healing of the body.