碳排淨零目標下半導體產業導入區塊鏈之最適化決策

Abstract

在氣候變遷日益嚴峻的背景下，供應鏈中的碳排放議題已成為當今企業面臨的重要挑戰。由於供應鏈中上游範疇一之碳排將轉嫁至下游範疇三，合作減排成為解決供應鏈碳排放問題的關鍵。然而，在供應鏈合作減排的過程中，面臨著資訊不透明等考驗。因此，建立具資訊安全的碳資訊揭露機制成為其中一個解決方案。在這方面，區塊鏈技術因其公開、安全、不可修改的特性，被視為解決供應鏈管理和碳排放議題的有效工具。雖然已有諸多學者運用賽局理論進行供應鏈相關研究，但針對導入區塊鏈之供應鏈合作模式，特別是成本分攤的探討仍有限，因此成為本論文之研究動機。 本研究以半導體產業中的T公司及其供應商為研究個案，運用質化的個案分析與量化的賽局模型，探討影響T公司碳排之關鍵因素，並建構賽局模型，將導入區塊鏈成本之分攤比例及供應成本作為決策變數，以最大化永續價值為目標，探討T公司區塊鏈導入成本之最適分攤比例。 透過數值模擬與重要參數的敏感度分析之結果，本研究得以分析T公司導入區塊鏈成本之最適分攤模式，以及導入區塊鏈之價值。本研究提出了減排投入的最適成本分攤模式概念基礎，旨在協助企業在面臨相似情境時有更多思考的方向，為綠色供應鏈管理領域做出些許貢獻。

In light of the increasingly severe impacts of climate change, managing carbon emissions within the supply chain has emerged as a critical imperative for contemporary business. Recognizing that the scope one emissions originating from the upstream section are often transferred to the scope three emissions downstream, collaborative efforts to mitigate emissions have become paramount in addressing carbon emissions challenges across the entire supply chain. However, the collaborative process faces hurdles such as information opacity, underscoring the urgent need for a secure mechanism to disclose carbon-related data. In this context, blockchain technology stands out as a promising solution, given its attributes of transparency, security, and immutability. While game theory has been utilized in supply chain studies, there remains a limited discussion on the integration of blockchain into the supply chain cooperation model, particularly concerning cost allocation. This study delves into the case of T Company and its semiconductor industry suppliers, employing a blend of qualitative case analysis and quantitative game models to discern the drivers behind T Company’s carbon emissions, and determine the cost allocation for introducing blockchain technology, aiming to ascertain the optimal apportionment ratio for T Company's blockchain implementation costs. By means of numerical simulations and sensitivity analysis on critical parameters, we unveil the optimal allocation model for the costs associated with blockchain adoption at T Company, along with the value derived from its implementation. This research lays down the foundational framework for an optimal cost allocation model in emission reduction investments. It seeks to furnish companies faced with similar scenarios with diverse strategic avenues, contributing to the realm of green supply chain management.