共享電動機車發展策略之研究

Abstract

共享電動機車不僅能減少傳統燃油機車之碳排以及電動機車在生命週期所產生的碳排，亦能增加道路與基礎設施可使用空間，同時帶來顯著的公共健康效益。然而，目前各縣市政府對於共享電動機車皆採保守之「管理制度」，較缺乏積極的輔導、推動機制，共享電動機車較難據以擴展。

本研究參酌國際案例，專家與業者訪談，以法治、財務、行銷、與政府購買等構面研議共享電動機車之發展策略，並透過各政策之效益與推動時程評估，提出優先推動策略與行動計畫。本研究首先回顧國內外電動機車、各式共享運具和共享電動機車相關政策與發展現況；同時收集英國、德國、印度、日本和南韓等之共享運具及電動化載具相關推動政策。研究中應用量化模式評估共享電動機車之減碳效益，並訪談國內兩大共享電動機車業者，深入瞭解營運、推廣、創新經營等面向，期能由供給面的認知作為策略研議之參考。綜整國內外政策與經營業者面對之挑戰，本研究提出推動共享電動機車之策略，並進行優先推動策略之評估，針對財務、法制、宣導及政府購買等面向提出具體政策方案。研究成果將有助於中央及地方政府研議共享電動機車與整體淨零運輸策略之參考。

Shared electric motorcycles (SEM) can not only reduces the carbon emissions produced by conventional motorcycles and electric motorcycles during their lifecycle, but also increases the amount of space available on roads and infrastructure. Additionally, shared electric motorcycles can bring significant public health benefits. However, the current public policy on SEM mainly adopts from conservative aspect of management purpose rather than the aspect of promotion and encouragement. Therefore, the unclear policy and lack of active strategies make it difficult to expand SEM usages. This study aims to develop strategies of SEM in terms of the legalization, finance, marketing, and government purchasing based on international case studies and interviews with experts and operators.

This study also prioritizes promotion strategies and action plans by evaluating the benefits of each strategy and the timeframe for implementation. In this study, we firstly conduct literature review on the current policies and development of electric motorcycles, various types of shared mobility, and shared electric motorcycles in Taiwan., Policies related to shared mobility and electrified vehicles in the United Kingdom, Germany, India, Japan, and South Korea are also reviewed and compared. Then, a quantitative model was developed and applied to evaluate the carbon reduction benefits of SEM. In oreder to know more about stakeholders’ opinions, two major domestic SEM operators were interviewed to gain an in-depth understanding of the operation challenges, promotion strategies, and innovative management schemes in SEM operation, with the expectation that the knowledges gained from the supply side can be used as a reference for formulation of SEM strategies. After summarizing the international policies, challenges faced by domestic operators, this study proposes SEM strategies and plans in the categories of legal system, finance, publicity, and government purchasing. Finally, this study conducts an evaluation on the priority of promotion strategies and action plans. The results of this study will be beneficial as a reference for the central and local governments in their formulation of shared electric motorcycle and overall net-zero transportation strategies.