請用此 Handle URI 來引用此文件:
http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/9145
完整後設資料紀錄
DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
---|---|---|
dc.contributor.advisor | 鄭謙仁 | |
dc.contributor.author | Ching-Lan Hsu | en |
dc.contributor.author | 徐晴嵐 | zh_TW |
dc.date.accessioned | 2021-05-20T20:10:46Z | - |
dc.date.available | 2012-08-06 | |
dc.date.available | 2021-05-20T20:10:46Z | - |
dc.date.copyright | 2009-08-06 | |
dc.date.issued | 2009 | |
dc.date.submitted | 2009-07-28 | |
dc.identifier.citation | Allan, G.M., Ellis, J.A., 2000, Porcine circoviruses: a review. J Vet Diagn Invest 12, 3-14.
Allan, G.M., Kennedy, S., McNeilly, F., Foster, J.C., Ellis, J.A., Krakowka, S.J., Meehan, B.M., Adair, B.M., 1999, Experimental reproduction of severe wasting disease by co-infection of pigs with porcine circovirus and porcine parvovirus. J Comp Pathol 121, 1-11. Allan, G.M., McNeilly, F., Ellis, J., Krakowka, S., Botner, A., McCullough, K., Nauwynck, H., Kennedy, S., Meehan, B., Charreyre, C., 2004, PMWS: experimental model and co-infections. Vet Microbiol 98, 165-168. Allan, G.M., McNeilly, F., Ellis, J., Krakowka, S., Meehan, B., McNair, I., Walker, I., Kennedy, S., 2000a, Experimental infection of colostrum deprived piglets with porcine circovirus 2 (PCV2) and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) potentiates PCV2 replication. Arch Virol 145, 2421-2429. Allan, G.M., McNeilly, F., Kennedy, S., Daft, B., Clarke, E.G., Ellis, J.A., Haines, D.M., Meehan, B.M., Adair, B.M., 1998, Isolation of porcine circovirus-like viruses from pigs with a wasting disease in the USA and Europe. J Vet Diagn Invest 10, 3-10. Allan, G.M., McNeilly, F., Kennedy, S., Meehan, B., Ellis, J., Krakowka, S., 2000b, Immunostimulation, PCV-2 and PMWS. Vet Rec 147, 170-171. Allan, G.M., McNeilly, F., McMenamy, M., McNair, I., Krakowka, S.G., Timmusk, S., Walls, D., Donnelly, M., Minahin, D., Ellis, J., Wallgren, P., Fossum, C., 2007, Temporal distribution of porcine circovirus 2 genogroups recovered from postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome affected and nonaffected farms in Ireland and Northern Ireland. J Vet Diagn Invest 19, 668-673. Andraud, M., Grasland, B., Durand, B., Cariolet, R., Jestin, A., Madec, F., Rose, N., 2008, Quantification of porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV-2) within- and between-pen transmission in pigs. Vet Res 39, 43. Ansari, A.A., Pereira, L.E., Mayne, A.E., Onlamoon, N., Pattanapanyasat, K., Mori, K., Villinger, F., 2007, The role of disease stage, plasma viral load and regulatory T cells (Tregs) on autoantibody production in SIV-infected non-human primates. J Autoimmun 28, 152-159. Appay, V., Nixon, D.F., Donahoe, S.M., Gillespie, G.M., Dong, T., King, A., Ogg, G.S., Spiegel, H.M., Conlon, C., Spina, C.A., Havlir, D.V., Richman, D.D., Waters, A., Easterbrook, P., McMichael, A.J., Rowland-Jones, S.L., 2000, HIV-specific CD8(+) T cells produce antiviral cytokines but are impaired in cytolytic function. J Exp Med 192, 63-75. Bassami, M.R., Berryman, D., Wilcox, G.E., Raidal, S.R., 1998, Psittacine beak and feather disease virus nucleotide sequence analysis and its relationship to porcine circovirus, plant circoviruses, and chicken anaemia virus. Virology 249, 453-459. Baumgarten, E., Brand, M.D., Pozzan, T., 1983, Mechanism of activation of pyruvate dehydrogenase by mitogens in pig lymphocytes. Biochem J 216, 359-367. Bernabei, P., Coccia, E.M., Rigamonti, L., Bosticardo, M., Forni, G., Pestka, S., Krause, C.D., Battistini, A., Novelli, F., 2001, Interferon-gamma receptor 2 expression as the deciding factor in human T, B, and myeloid cell proliferation or death. J Leukoc Biol 70, 950-960. Brooks, D.G., Trifilo, M.J., Edelmann, K.H., Teyton, L., McGavern, D.B., Oldstone, M.B., 2006, Interleukin-10 determines viral clearance or persistence in vivo. Nat Med 12, 1301-1309. Brunborg, I.M., Moldal, T., Jonassen, C.M., 2004, Quantitation of porcine circovirus type 2 isolated from serum/plasma and tissue samples of healthy pigs and pigs with postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome using a TaqMan-based real-time PCR. J Virol Methods 122, 171-178. Carasova, P., Celer, V., Takacova, K., Trundova, M., Molinkova, D., Lobova, D., Smola, J., 2007, The levels of PCV2 specific antibodies and viremia in pigs. Res Vet Sci 83, 274-278. Carter, C.C., Gorbacheva, V.Y., Vestal, D.J., 2005, Inhibition of VSV and EMCV replication by the interferon-induced GTPase, mGBP-2: differential requirement for wild-type GTP binding domain. Arch Virol 150, 1213-1220. Chae, C., 2005, A review of porcine circovirus 2-associated syndromes and diseases. Vet J 169, 326-336. Cheung, A.K., Lager, K.M., Kohutyuk, O.I., Vincent, A.L., Henry, S.C., Baker, R.B., Rowland, R.R., Dunham, A.G., 2007, Detection of two porcine circovirus type 2 genotypic groups in United States swine herds. Arch Virol 152, 1035-1044. Chung, W.B., Chan, W.H., Chaung, H.C., Lien, Y., Wu, C.C., Huang, Y.L., 2005, Real-time PCR for quantitation of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus and porcine circovirus type 2 in naturally-infected and challenged pigs. J Virol Methods 124, 11-19. Clerici, M., Wynn, T.A., Berzofsky, J.A., Blatt, S.P., Hendrix, C.W., Sher, A., Coffman, R.L., Shearer, G.M., 1994, Role of interleukin-10 in T helper cell dysfunction in asymptomatic individuals infected with the human immunodeficiency virus. J Clin Invest 93, 768-775. Darwich, L., Balasch, M., Plana-Duran, J., Segales, J., Domingo, M., Mateu, E., 2003a, Cytokine profiles of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from pigs with postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome in response to mitogen, superantigen or recall viral antigens. J Gen Virol 84, 3453-3457. Darwich, L., Pie, S., Rovira, A., Segales, J., Domingo, M., Oswald, I.P., Mateu, E., 2003b, Cytokine mRNA expression profiles in lymphoid tissues of pigs naturally affected by postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome. J Gen Virol 84, 2117-2125. Darwich, L., Segales, J., Mateu, E., 2004, Pathogenesis of postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome caused by Porcine circovirus 2: An immune riddle. Arch Virol 149, 857-874. Darwich, L., Segales, J., Resendes, A., Balasch, M., Plana-Duran, J., Mateu, E., 2008, Transient correlation between viremia levels and IL-10 expression in pigs subclinically infected with porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2). Res Vet Sci 84, 194-198. Drew, T.W., 2000, A review of evidence for immunosuppression due to porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus. Vet Res 31, 27-39. Ejrnaes, M., Filippi, C.M., Martinic, M.M., Ling, E.M., Togher, L.M., Crotty, S., von Herrath, M.G., 2006, Resolution of a chronic viral infection after interleukin-10 receptor blockade. J Exp Med 203, 2461-2472. Ellis, J., Hassard, L., Clark, E., Harding, J., Allan, G., Willson, P., Strokappe, J., Martin, K., McNeilly, F., Meehan, B., Todd, D., Haines, D., 1998, Isolation of circovirus from lesions of pigs with postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome. Can Vet J 39, 44-51. Ellis, J., Krakowka, S., Lairmore, M., Haines, D., Bratanich, A., Clark, E., Allan, G., Konoby, C., Hassard, L., Meehan, B., Martin, K., Harding, J., Kennedy, S., McNeilly, F., 1999, Reproduction of lesions of postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome in gnotobiotic piglets. J Vet Diagn Invest 11, 3-14. Fort, M., Fernandes, L.T., Nofrarias, M., Diaz, I., Sibila, M., Pujols, J., Mateu, E., Segales, J., 2008, Development of cell-mediated immunity to porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) in caesarean-derived, colostrum-deprived piglets. Vet Immunol Immunopathol. Grasland, B., Loizel, C., Blanchard, P., Oger, A., Nignol, A.C., Bigarre, L., Morvan, H., Cariolet, R., Jestin, A., 2005, Reproduction of PMWS in immunostimulated SPF piglets transfected with infectious cloned genomic DNA of type 2 porcine circovirus. Vet Res 36, 685-697. Grierson, S.S., King, D.P., Tucker, A.W., Donadeu, M., Mellencamp, M.A., Haverson, K., Banks, M., Bailey, M., 2007, Ontogeny of systemic cellular immunity in the neonatal pig: Correlation with the development of post-weaning multisystemic wasting syndrome. Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology 119, 254-268. Hansen, T.V., Rehfeld, J.F., Nielsen, F.C., 1999, Mitogen-activated protein kinase and protein kinase A signaling pathways stimulate cholecystokinin transcription via activation of cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate response element-binding protein. Mol Endocrinol 13, 466-475. Hino, S., Miyata, H., 2007, Torque teno virus (TTV): current status. Rev Med Virol 17, 45-57. Hjulsager, C.K., Grau-Roma, L., Sibila, M., Enoe, C., Larsen, L., Segales, J., 2009, Inter-laboratory and inter-assay comparison on two real-time PCR techniques for quantification of PCV2 nucleic acid extracted from field samples. Vet Microbiol 133, 172-178. Jacobsen, B., Krueger, L., Seeliger, F., Bruegmann, M., Segales, J., Baumgaertner, W., 2009, Retrospective study on the occurrence of porcine circovirus 2 infection and associated entities in Northern Germany. Vet Microbiol. Katze, M.G., He, Y., Gale, M., Jr., 2002, Viruses and interferon: a fight for supremacy. Nat Rev Immunol 2, 675-687. Kawashima, K., Tsunemitsu, H., Horino, R., Katsuda, K., Onodera, T., Shoji, T., Kubo, M., Haritani, M., Murakami, Y., 2003, Effects of dexamethasone on the pathogenesis of porcine circovirus type 2 infection in piglets. J Comp Pathol 129, 294-302. Kennedy, S., Moffett, D., McNeilly, F., Meehan, B., Ellis, J., Krakowka, S., Allan, G.M., 2000, Reproduction of lesions of postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome by infection of conventional pigs with porcine circovirus type 2 alone or in combination with porcine parvovirus. J Comp Pathol 122, 9-24. Kim, J., Chae, C., 2003, Multiplex nested PCR compared with in situ hybridization for the differentiation of porcine circoviruses and porcine parvovirus from pigs with postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome. Can J Vet Res 67, 133-137. Knapp, S., Hennig, B.J., Frodsham, A.J., Zhang, L., Hellier, S., Wright, M., Goldin, R., Hill, A.V., Thomas, H.C., Thursz, M.R., 2003, Interleukin-10 promoter polymorphisms and the outcome of hepatitis C virus infection. Immunogenetics 55, 362-369. Krakowka, S., Ellis, J., McNeilly, F., Waldner, C., Rings, D.M., Allan, G., 2007, Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae bacterins and porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) infection: induction of postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS) in the gnotobiotic swine model of PCV2-associated disease. Can Vet J 48, 716-724. Krakowka, S., Ellis, J.A., McNeilly, F., Ringler, S., Rings, D.M., Allan, G., 2001, Activation of the immune system is the pivotal event in the production of wasting disease in pigs infected with porcine circovirus-2 (PCV-2). Vet Pathol 38, 31-42. Krakowka, S., Ellis, J.A., Meehan, B., Kennedy, S., McNeilly, F., Allan, G., 2000, Viral wasting syndrome of swine: experimental reproduction of postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome in gnotobiotic swine by coinfection with porcine circovirus 2 and porcine parvovirus. Vet Pathol 37, 254-263. Ladekjaer-Mikkelsen, A.S., Nielsen, J., 2002, A longitudinal study of cell-mediated immunity in pigs infected with porcine parvovirus. Viral Immunology 15, 373-384. Lefebvre, D.J., Meerts, P., Costers, S., Misinzo, G., Barbe, F., Van Reeth, K., Nauwynck, H.J., 2008, Increased porcine circovirus type 2 replication in porcine leukocytes in vitro and in vivo by concanavalin A stimulation. Vet Microbiol 132, 74-86. Liess, B., 1988, [Virus persistence--a key phenomenon of BVD virus infection]. Dtsch Tierarztl Wochenschr 95, 264-266. Lin, C.M., Jeng, C.R., Chang, H.W., Guo, I.C., Huang, Y.L., Tsai, Y.C., Chia, M.Y., Pang, V.F., 2008, Characterization of porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) infection in swine lymphocytes using mitogen-stimulated peripheral blood lymphocytes from healthy PCV2-carrier pigs. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 124, 355-366. Liu, J., Chen, I., Kwang, J., 2005, Characterization of a previously unidentified viral protein in porcine circovirus type 2-infected cells and its role in virus-induced apoptosis. J Virol 79, 8262-8274. Magar, R., Muller, P., Larochelle, R., 2000, Retrospective serological survey of antibodies to porcine circovirus type 1 and type 2. Can J Vet Res 64, 184-186. Mandrioli, L., Sarli, G., Panarese, S., Baldoni, S., Marcato, P.S., 2004, Apoptosis and proliferative activity in lymph node reaction in postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS). Vet Immunol Immunopathol 97, 25-37. Mankertz, A., Hillenbrand, B., 2001, Replication of porcine circovirus type 1 requires two proteins encoded by the viral rep gene. Virology 279, 429-438. Marinic, I., Gagro, A., Rabatic, S., 2006, [Regulatory T cells]. Acta Med Croatica 60, 447-456. McNeilly, F., Kennedy, S., Moffett, D., Meehan, B.M., Foster, J.C., Clarke, E.G., Ellis, J.A., Haines, D.M., Adair, B.M., Allan, G.M., 1999, A comparison of in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry for the detection of a new porcine circovirus in formalin-fixed tissues from pigs with post-weaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS). J Virol Methods 80, 123-128. McNeilly, F., McNair, I., Mackie, D.P., Meehan, B.M., Kennedy, S., Moffett, D., Ellis, J., Krakowka, S., Allan, G.M., 2001, Production, characterisation and applications of monoclonal antibodies to porcine circovirus 2. Arch Virol 146, 909-922. Meehan, B.M., McNeilly, F., Todd, D., Kennedy, S., Jewhurst, V.A., Ellis, J.A., Hassard, L.E., Clark, E.G., Haines, D.M., Allan, G.M., 1998, Characterization of novel circovirus DNAs associated with wasting syndromes in pigs. J Gen Virol 79 ( Pt 9), 2171-2179. Meerts, P., Misinzo, G., Lefebvre, D., Nielsen, J., Botner, A., Kristensen, C.S., Nauwynck, H.J., 2006, Correlation between the presence of neutralizing antibodies against porcine circovirus 2 (PCV2) and protection against replication of the virus and development of PCV2-associated disease. BMC Vet Res 2, 6. Meerts, P., Van Gucht, S., Cox, E., Vandebosch, A., Nauwynck, H.J., 2005, Correlation between type of adaptive immune response against porcine circovirus type 2 and level of virus replication. Viral Immunol 18, 333-341. Misinzo, G., Meerts, P., Bublot, M., Mast, J., Weingartl, H.M., Nauwynck, H.J., 2005, Binding and entry characteristics of porcine circovirus 2 in cells of the porcine monocytic line 3D4/31. J Gen Virol 86, 2057-2068. Miyazoe, S., Hamasaki, K., Nakata, K., Kajiya, Y., Kitajima, K., Nakao, K., Daikoku, M., Yatsuhashi, H., Koga, M., Yano, M., Eguchi, K., 2002, Influence of interleukin-10 gene promoter polymorphisms on disease progression in patients chronically infected with hepatitis B virus. Am J Gastroenterol 97, 2086-2092. Mizoue, T., Kawamoto, H., Arita, K., Kurisu, K., Tominaga, A., Uozumi, T., 1997, MIB1 immunopositivity is associated with rapid regrowth of pituitary adenomas. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 139, 426-431; discussion 431-422. Morozov, I., Sirinarumitr, T., Sorden, S.D., Halbur, P.G., Morgan, M.K., Yoon, K.J., Paul, P.S., 1998, Detection of a novel strain of porcine circovirus in pigs with postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome. J Clin Microbiol 36, 2535-2541. Muhling, J., Raye, W.S., Buddle, J.R., Wilcox, G.E., 2006, Genetic characterisation of Australian strains of porcine circovirus types 1 and 2. Aust Vet J 84, 421-425; discussion 416. Murphy, F.A., 1999, Veterinary virology, 3rd Edition. Academic Press, San Diego, x, 629 p. pp. Nielsen, H.B., Pedersen, B.K., 1997, Lymphocyte proliferation in response to exercise. Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol 75, 375-379. Nielsen, J., Vincent, I.E., Botner, A., Ladekaer-Mikkelsen, A.S., Allan, G., Summerfield, A., McCullough, K.C., 2003, Association of lymphopenia with porcine circovirus type 2 induced postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS). Vet Immunol Immunopathol 92, 97-111. Nika, J., Rippel, S., Hannig, E.M., 2001, Biochemical analysis of the eIF2beta gamma complex reveals a structural function for eIF2alpha in catalyzed nucleotide exchange. J Biol Chem 276, 1051-1056. O'Farrell, A.M., Parry, D.A., Zindy, F., Roussel, M.F., Lees, E., Moore, K.W., Mui, A.L., 2000, Stat3-dependent induction of p19INK4D by IL-10 contributes to inhibition of macrophage proliferation. J Immunol 164, 4607-4615. Obaya, A.J., Mateyak, M.K., Sedivy, J.M., 1999, Mysterious liaisons: the relationship between c-Myc and the cell cycle. Oncogene 18, 2934-2941. Olvera, A., Cortey, M., Segales, J., 2007, Molecular evolution of porcine circovirus type 2 genomes: phylogeny and clonality. Virology 357, 175-185. Olvera, A., Sibila, M., Calsamiglia, M., Segales, J., Domingo, M., 2004, Comparison of porcine circovirus type 2 load in serum quantified by a real time PCR in postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome and porcine dermatitis and nephropathy syndrome naturally affected pigs. J Virol Methods 117, 75-80. Opriessnig, T., Fenaux, M., Yu, S., Evans, R.B., Cavanaugh, D., Gallup, J.M., Pallares, F.J., Thacker, E.L., Lager, K.M., Meng, X.J., Halbur, P.G., 2004a, Effect of porcine parvovirus vaccination on the development of PMWS in segregated early weaned pigs coinfected with type 2 porcine circovirus and porcine parvovirus. Vet Microbiol 98, 209-220. Opriessnig, T., Meng, X.J., Halbur, P.G., 2007, Porcine circovirus type 2 associated disease: update on current terminology, clinical manifestations, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and intervention strategies. J Vet Diagn Invest 19, 591-615. Opriessnig, T., Thacker, E.L., Yu, S., Fenaux, M., Meng, X.J., Halbur, P.G., 2004b, Experimental reproduction of postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome in pigs by dual infection with Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and porcine circovirus type 2. Vet Pathol 41, 624-640. Opriessnig, T., Yu, S., Gallup, J.M., Evans, R.B., Fenaux, M., Pallares, F., Thacker, E.L., Brockus, C.W., Ackermann, M.R., Thomas, P., Meng, X.J., Halbur, P.G., 2003, Effect of vaccination with selective bacterins on conventional pigs infected with type 2 porcine circovirus. Vet Pathol 40, 521-529. Paladino, N., Fainboim, H., Theiler, G., Schroder, T., Munoz, A.E., Flores, A.C., Galdame, O., Fainboim, L., 2006, Gender susceptibility to chronic hepatitis C virus infection associated with interleukin 10 promoter polymorphism. J Virol 80, 9144-9150. Pallares, F.J., Halbur, P.G., Opriessnig, T., Sorden, S.D., Villar, D., Janke, B.H., Yaeger, M.J., Larson, D.J., Schwartz, K.J., Yoon, K.J., Hoffman, L.J., 2002, Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV-2) coinfections in US field cases of postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS). J Vet Diagn Invest 14, 515-519. Persico, M., Capasso, M., Persico, E., Masarone, M., Renzo, A., Spano, D., Bruno, S., Iolascon, A., 2006, Interleukin-10 - 1082 GG polymorphism influences the occurrence and the clinical characteristics of hepatitis C virus infection. J Hepatol 45, 779-785. Quintana, J., Segales, J., Rosell, C., Calsamiglia, M., Rodriguez-Arrioja, G.M., Chianini, F., Folch, J.M., Maldonado, J., Canal, M., Plana-Duran, J., Domingo, M., 2001, Clinical and pathological observations on pigs with postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome. Vet Rec 149, 357-361. Ramana, C.V., Grammatikakis, N., Chernov, M., Nguyen, H., Goh, K.C., Williams, B.R., Stark, G.R., 2000, Regulation of c-myc expression by IFN-gamma through Stat1-dependent and -independent pathways. EMBO J 19, 263-272. Rau, H., Revets, H., Balmelli, C., McCullough, K.C., Summerfield, A., 2006, Immunological properties of recombinant classical swine fever virus NS3 protein in vitro and in vivo. Vet Res 37, 155-168. Raveh, T., Hovanessian, A.G., Meurs, E.F., Sonenberg, N., Kimchi, A., 1996, Double-stranded RNA-dependent protein kinase mediates c-Myc suppression induced by type I interferons. J Biol Chem 271, 25479-25484. Redpath, S., Ghazal, P., Gascoigne, N.R., 2001, Hijacking and exploitation of IL-10 by intracellular pathogens. Trends Microbiol 9, 86-92. Ritzmann, M., Wilhelm, S., Zimmermann, P., Etschmann, B., Bogner, K.H., Selbitz, H.J., Heinritzi, K., Truyen, U., 2005, [Prevalence and association of porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2), porcine parvovirus (PPV) and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) in aborted fetuses, mummified fetuses, stillborn and nonviable neonatal piglets]. Dtsch Tierarztl Wochenschr 112, 348-351. Rodriguez-Arrioja, G.M., Segales, J., Rosell, C., Rovira, A., Pujols, J., Plana-Duran, J., Domingo, M., 2003, Retrospective study on porcine circovirus type 2 infection in pigs from 1985 to 1997 in Spain. J Vet Med B Infect Dis Vet Public Health 50, 99-101. Rosell, C., Segales, J., Plana-Duran, J., Balasch, M., Rodriguez-Arrioja, G.M., Kennedy, S., Allan, G.M., McNeilly, F., Latimer, K.S., Domingo, M., 1999, Pathological, immunohistochemical, and in-situ hybridization studies of natural cases of postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS) in pigs. J Comp Pathol 120, 59-78. Salic, A., Mitchison, T.J., 2008, A chemical method for fast and sensitive detection of DNA synthesis in vivo. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 105, 2415-2420. Schroder, K., Hertzog, P.J., Ravasi, T., Hume, D.A., 2004, Interferon-gamma: an overview of signals, mechanisms and functions. J Leukoc Biol 75, 163-189. Segales, J., Alonso, F., Rosell, C., Pastor, J., Chianini, F., Campos, E., Lopez-Fuertes, L., Quintana, J., Rodriguez-Arrioja, G., Calsamiglia, M., Pujols, J., Dominguez, J., Domingo, M., 2001a, Changes in peripheral blood leukocyte populations in pigs with natural postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS). Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology 81, 37-44. Segales, J., Alonso, F., Rosell, C., Pastor, J., Chianini, F., Campos, E., Lopez-Fuertes, L., Quintana, J., Rodriguez-Arrioja, G., Calsamiglia, M., Pujols, J., Dominguez, J., Domingo, M., 2001b, Changes in peripheral blood leukocyte populations in pigs with natural postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS). Vet Immunol Immunopathol 81, 37-44. Segales, J., Domingo, M., 2002, Postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS) in pigs. A review. Vet Q 24, 109-124. Segales, J., Domingo, M., Chianini, F., Majo, N., Dominguez, J., Darwich, L., Mateu, E., 2004, Immunosuppression in postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome affected pigs. Vet Microbiol 98, 151-158. Shibahara, T., Sato, K., Ishikawa, Y., Kadota, K., 2000, Porcine circovirus induces B lymphocyte depletion in pigs with wasting disease syndrome. J Vet Med Sci 62, 1125-1131. Shin, H.D., Winkler, C., Stephens, J.C., Bream, J., Young, H., Goedert, J.J., O'Brien, T.R., Vlahov, D., Buchbinder, S., Giorgi, J., Rinaldo, C., Donfield, S., Willoughby, A., O'Brien, S.J., Smith, M.W., 2000, Genetic restriction of HIV-1 pathogenesis to AIDS by promoter alleles of IL10. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 97, 14467-14472. Sieg, S., King, C., Huang, Y., Kaplan, D., 1996, The role of interleukin-10 in the inhibition of T-cell proliferation and apoptosis mediated by parainfluenza virus type 3. J Virol 70, 4845-4848. Sipos, W., Duvigneau, J.C., Willheim, M., Schilcher, F., Hartl, R.T., Hofbauer, G., Exel, B., Pietschmann, P., Schmoll, F., 2004, Systemic cytokine profile in feeder pigs suffering from natural postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS) as determined by semiquantitative RT-PCR and flow cytometric intracellular cytokine detection. Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology 99, 63-71. Staebler, S., Sydler, T., Buergi, E., McCullough, K., McNeilly, F., Allan, G., Pospischil, A., 2005, PMWS: an emerging disease identified in archived porcine tissues. Vet J 170, 132-134. Stevenson, L.S., Gilpin, D.F., Douglas, A., McNeilly, F., McNair, I., Adair, B.M., Allan, G.M., 2007, T lymphocyte epitope mapping of porcine circovirus type 2. Viral Immunol 20, 389-398. Stevenson, L.S., McCullough, K., Vincent, I., Gilpin, D.F., Summerfield, A., Nielsen, J., McNeilly, F., Adair, B.M., Allan, G.M., 2006, Cytokine and C-reactive protein profiles induced by porcine circovirus type 2 experimental infection in 3-week-old piglets. Viral Immunol 19, 189-195. Tamura, T., Ishihara, M., Lamphier, M.S., Tanaka, N., Oishi, I., Aizawa, S., Matsuyama, T., Mak, T.W., Taki, S., Taniguchi, T., 1997, DNA damage-induced apoptosis and Ice gene induction in mitogenically activated T lymphocytes require IRF-1. Leukemia 11 Suppl 3, 439-440. Tischer, I., Peters, D., Rasch, R., Pociuli, S., 1987, Replication of porcine circovirus: induction by glucosamine and cell cycle dependence. Arch Virol 96, 39-57. Taga, K., J. Chretien, B. Cherney, L. Diaz, M. Brown, and G. Tosato. 1994. Interleukin-10 inhibits apoptotic cell death in infectious mononucleosis T cells. J. Clin. Invest. 94:251. Taga, K., and G. Tosato. 1992. IL-10 inhibits human T cell proliferation and IL-2 production. J. Immunol. 148:1143. 52. Vincent, I.E., Carrasco, C.P., Herrmann, B., Meehan, B.M., Allan, G.M., Summerfield, A., McCullough, K.C., 2003, Dendritic cells harbor infectious porcine circovirus type 2 in the absence of apparent cell modulation or replication of the virus. J Virol 77, 13288-13300. Wang, C., Huang, T.S., Huang, C.C., Tu, C., Jong, M.H., Lin, S.Y., Lai, S.S., 2004, Characterization of porcine circovirus type 2 in Taiwan. J Vet Med Sci 66, 469-475. Wherry, E.J., Blattman, J.N., Murali-Krishna, K., van der Most, R., Ahmed, R., 2003, Viral persistence alters CD8 T-cell immunodominance and tissue distribution and results in distinct stages of functional impairment. J Virol 77, 4911-4927. Yu, S., Halbur, P.G., Thacker, E., 2008, Effect of porcine circovirus type 2 infection and replication on activated porcine peripheral blood mononuclear cells in vitro. Vet Immunol Immunopathol. Yu, S., Opriessnig, T., Kitikoon, P., Nilubol, D., Halbur, P.G., Thacker, E., 2007a, Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) distribution and replication in tissues and immune cells in early infected pigs. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 115, 261-272. Yu, S., Vincent, A., Opriessnig, T., Carpenter, S., Kitikoon, P., Halbur, P.G., Thacker, E., 2007b, Quantification of PCV2 capsid transcript in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in vitro. Vet Microbiol 123, 34-42. Yue, F., Cui, S., Zhang, C., Yoon, K.J., 2009, A multiplex PCR for rapid and simultaneous detection of porcine circovirus type 2, porcine parvovirus, porcine pseudorabies virus, and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in clinical specimens. Virus Genes. Zajac, A.J., Blattman, J.N., Murali-Krishna, K., Sourdive, D.J., Suresh, M., Altman, J.D., Ahmed, R., 1998, Viral immune evasion due to persistence of activated T cells without effector function. J Exp Med 188, 2205-2213. | |
dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/9145 | - |
dc.description.abstract | 豬第二型環狀病毒(porcine circovirus type 2; PCV2),為全球豬隻新興疾
病-離乳後多系統消耗性症候群(postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome; PMWS)的主要病原。本病為多因子影響的疾病,而血清中含高量 PCV2 核酸 (3.9×105 至 1.8×1012 copies/mL) 與臨床發生 PMWS 的嚴重程度有顯著相關性。 近年報告指出 Con A 具有促進淋巴球內 PCV2複製且增加淋巴組織病毒力價的現 象,而 PCV2 於血清或淋巴組織中的含量或力價與臨床症狀顯著相關。因此本實 驗的目的以 Con A 模擬免疫刺激探討豬第二型環狀病毒如何影響刺激下的細胞增 殖反應。實驗設計包括:一、以自然感染帶原豬,分析不同 PCV2 的病毒含量, 與 Con A 刺激 PBMC 增殖反應之相關性。二、於實驗感染 SPF 豬,探討含高病 毒豬群的 PBMC 及脾臟細胞,PCV2 superinfected 是否影響 Con A 刺激細胞增 殖。實驗中細胞增殖反應以流式細胞儀檢測,IFN-γ 及 IL-10 以 ELISA 檢測,病 毒量以 TagMan® Real-time PCR 測定。細胞的處理分四組包括不處理組,PCV2 組,Con A 刺激組及 Con A/PCV2 處理組。實驗第一部分結果僅 PCV2 superinfected Con A 刺激之細胞增殖反應與血清及病毒量呈負相關,單獨以 PCV2 superinfected 或 Con A 刺激 PBMC 均無顯著差異,而 IL-10 濃度與病毒量 成正相關。實驗第二部分結果,於周邊血液細胞,控制組 PCV2 superinfection 有 促進 Con A 刺激 PBMC 之細胞增殖反應,但相同處理在攻毒組有抑制細胞增殖 的現象,此細胞增殖的抑制與細胞內含高病毒量有關但與細胞之凋亡及壞死無 關,此外也可能與培養上清液 IL-10 濃度有關。在脾臟細胞,控制組中細胞增殖 反應、病毒含量及 IL-10 分泌無顯著變化,而 PCV2 superinfection 可促進 Con A 刺激脾臟分泌 IFN-γ。本研究以 Con A 刺激模擬免疫活化模式,觀察高病毒量或 於 PCV2 superinfection 可能藉由 IL-10 分泌影響免疫細胞增殖。推論感染豬若經 過免疫刺激,則增加病毒複製及 IL-10 分泌,可能使免疫細胞功能受損,而易有 臨床症狀的產生。 | zh_TW |
dc.description.abstract | Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) is associated with a new emerging disease,
postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS) which causes severe economic losses in swine industry worldwild. PMWS-affected pig is characterized by high PCV2 load in serum, ranging from 3.9×105 to 1.8×1012 PCV2 copies/mL, which has significantly correlated with severe clinical signs of PMWS. Several reports reveal immune stimulation is an important factor in the induction of PMWS. Con A enhances PCV2 replication and high viral titer in PBMC and in lymphoid tissues, respectively, that has correlated with PMWS as well. The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of PCV2 infection on Con A stimulated cell proliferative response. The experimental designs include: 1. To evaluate the correlation between viral load in serum and Con A stimulated cell proliferation as well as IFN-γ and IL-10 secretions in PBMC from PCV2-carrier pigs. 2. To evaluate whether PCV2 superinfection affect Con A stimulated cell proliferative response in experimental PCV2 infected SPF pigs. Flow cytometry was used to detect cell proliferation response and ELISA was used to evaluate the level of IL-10 and IFN-γ. Viral load was measured by TagMan® Real-time PCR. Culture of PBMC or spleen cells were separated into 4 group of treatment as mock, PCV2 superinfection, Con A treated and Con A/PCV2. In the first part of the study, the tendency of inverse correlation between seral PCV2 load and proliferation response of PBMC at Con A/PCV2 group was observed. The postitive correlation between IL-10 level and viral load was also noted. In the second part of the study, PBMC proliferation after Con A stimulation could be enhanced by PCV2 superinfection in the control group. However, this enhancement was not observed in the experimental PCV2 infected SPF pigs. In this group, the inhibition of enhanced cell proliferation was correlated to the cellular viral load but was not associated with the process of necrosis or apoptosis and might be associated with high IL-10 level. In spleen, viral load in spleen cells and IL-10 secretions were insignificant but the level of IFN-γ was enhanced at Con A/ PCV2 group. Our data suggested that high viral load could inibit Con A stimulated cell proliferation and the inhibition maybe associated with induction of IL-10. | en |
dc.description.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2021-05-20T20:10:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ntu-98-R96629012-1.pdf: 1013342 bytes, checksum: c7c175373545251399c85ee8f1fa4779 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009 | en |
dc.description.tableofcontents | 中文摘要 Ⅰ
Abstract Ⅱ 目錄 III 圖次 V 表次 Ⅵ 第一章 緒言....................................................................................................................1 第二章 文獻回顧.............................................................................................................3 第一節 豬環狀病毒.................................................................................................3 1-1 環狀病毒的病毒學分類............................................................................3 1-2 豬環狀病毒的結構與特性........................................................................3 1-3 致裂原 Concanavalin A 影響豬環狀病毒的複製....................................4 1-4 豬環狀病毒之感染與組織細胞之分布....................................................5 第二節 豬隻離乳後多系統消耗症候群(post-weaning multisystemic)............6 2-1 歷史背景與流行病學................................................................................6 2-2 臨床症狀與病理變化................................................................................7 2-3 PMWS 病程發展.......................................................................................7 2-4 PMWS 之致病因子.................................................................................10 第三節 細胞免疫反應對抗 PCV2................................................................11 3-1 細胞免疫反應..........................................................................................11 3-2 細胞激素調節免疫反應..........................................................................13 第三章 材料與方法.......................................................................................................18 第一節 實驗設計...................................................................................................18 第二節 實驗材料...................................................................................................21 2-1實驗動物..................................................................................................21 2-2 製備豬第二型環狀病毒..........................................................................21 2-3 細胞培養液.............................................................................................22 第三節 實驗方法...................................................................................................23 3-1 豬隻血液單核細胞之分離純化與培養..................................................23 3-2 及時定量聚合鏈鎖反應 (Quantitive real-time polymerase chain)...24 3-3 檢測病毒特異性的增殖反應..................................................................24 3-4 細胞存活率檢測 (Annexin V/ Propidium iodide Apoptotic kit)............26 3-5 細胞素的檢測..........................................................................................26 3-6 統計分析..................................................................................................26 四章 結果.......................................................................................................................28 第一節 自然感染帶原PCV2豬之細胞免疫反應與病毒量的相關性...........................................................28 4-1.1 PBMC 增殖反應與血液中病毒量的相關性:...................................28 4-1.2 IL-10 濃度與血液中病毒量及免疫反應的相關性.............................28 4-1.3 PBMC 上清液 IFN-γ 濃度與血液中病毒量的相關性......................29 第二節 攻毒 SPF 豬 PBMC 免疫反應與細胞內 PCV2 病毒量之關連..............29 4-2.1攻毒豬隻血液病毒量及 IL-10 表現....................................................29 4-2.2PBMC 之增殖反應................................................................................30 4-2.3 PBMC 細胞內病毒量...........................................................................31 4-2.4 PBMC 細胞存活率與凋亡率...............................................................32 4-2.5 PBMC 之細胞激素分泌.......................................................................32 4-2.6細胞病毒量及 IL-10 與 Con A/PCV2 組之增殖反應之關聯..........33 第三節 攻毒 SPF 豬脾臟細胞免疫反應與細胞內 PCV2 病毒量之關連...........33 4-3.1 脾臟細胞增殖反應...............................................................................35 4-3.2 脾臟細胞病毒量...................................................................................35 4-3.3 脾臟細胞之細胞激素分泌...................................................................35 第五章 討論...................................................................................................................44 第六章 文獻回顧...........................................................................................................57 | |
dc.language.iso | zh-TW | |
dc.title | 豬第二型環狀病毒感染對 Concanavalin A 刺激周邊血
液單核細胞增殖的影響 | zh_TW |
dc.title | Porcine Circovirus Type 2 effects on Peripheral Blood
Mononuclear Cells by Concanavalin A Stimulation | en |
dc.type | Thesis | |
dc.date.schoolyear | 97-2 | |
dc.description.degree | 碩士 | |
dc.contributor.coadvisor | 龐飛 | |
dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 張志成,劉涓,蕭世烜 | |
dc.subject.keyword | PCV2,Concanavalin A,白血球間質素-10,周邊血液單核細胞,淋巴球增殖反應, | zh_TW |
dc.subject.keyword | PCV2,Concanavalin A,IL-10,PBMC,lymphocyte proliferative response, | en |
dc.relation.page | 68 | |
dc.rights.note | 同意授權(全球公開) | |
dc.date.accepted | 2009-07-28 | |
dc.contributor.author-college | 獸醫專業學院 | zh_TW |
dc.contributor.author-dept | 獸醫學研究所 | zh_TW |
顯示於系所單位: | 獸醫學系 |
文件中的檔案:
檔案 | 大小 | 格式 | |
---|---|---|---|
ntu-98-1.pdf | 989.59 kB | Adobe PDF | 檢視/開啟 |
系統中的文件,除了特別指名其著作權條款之外,均受到著作權保護,並且保留所有的權利。