油品類污染場址之健康風險評估

Abstract

台灣的土壤與地下水遭受汽油、柴油及石油製品所污染事件層出不窮，而油品再製造、儲存當中可能因處置不當，增加了污染土壤及地下水的機會，對環境及人體健康安全造成威脅，當污染事件發生，進行相關污染整治工作的工作人員則是會暴露於污染環境之中，使得危害人體的健康風險相對增高。健康風險評估則是以預警性的心態來考量人體的健康，並以健康風險評估的概念來進行污染場址的管理，將危害人體的風險降低到可以接受的水準。 本研究針對於油品污染場址的土壤及地下水進行採樣分析，以了解在場址上的工作人員暴露容許濃度，並推估其健康風險。研究結果顯示 遭受油品污染場址的關切污染物以苯及總石油碳氫化合物為主。 經風險計算後，致癌風險值為9.951E 0707，小於可接受致癌風險之上限值10 66；非致癌風險值為6.427E 0101，小於可接受非致癌風險值11，研究結果顯示於場址上工作的人員並未暴露於有害人體健康的環境下，改善期間必須注意關切物染物的濃度變化，避免人體的健康造成危害。

In Taiwan, incidents of soil and groundwater contamination due to gasoline, diesel, and petroleum products are incessant. Improper disposal during the manufacturing and storage of oil products increases the chances of polluting soil and groundwater, posing a threat to environmental and human health and safety. When pollution events occur, personnel involved in related remediation work are exposed to the contaminated environment, leading to an increased risk to human health. Health risk assessment is conducted with a preventive mindset to consider the health of individuals. The concept of health risk assessment is applied to manage polluted sites, aiming to reduce the risks to human health to acceptable levels. This study conducted sampling and analysis of soil and groundwater at oil-contaminated sites to understand the exposure permissible concentrations for on-site personnel and estimate their health risks. The research results indicate that the primary concern pollutants at oil-contaminated sites are benzene and total petroleum hydrocarbons. After risk calculation, the carcinogenic risk value is 9.951E-07, which is less than the acceptable upper limit of 10-6 for carcinogenic risk. The non-carcinogenic risk value is 6.427E-01, which is less than the acceptable non-carcinogenic risk value of 1. The research results indicate that personnel working at the site are not exposed to environments harmful to human health. During the improvement period, attention must be paid to monitoring changes in the concentration of pollutants to prevent any potential harm to human health.